October 15th

EVENTS

533 – Byzantine general Belisarius makes his formal entry into Carthage, having conquered it from the Vandals.
1520 – King Henry VIII of England orders bowling lanes at Whitehall
1522 – Emperor Karel I names Hernan Cortes governor of Mexico
1552 – Khanate of Kazan is conquered by troops of Ivan Grozny.
1581 – Commissioned by Catherine De Medici, the 1st ballet “Ballet Comique de la Reine”, is staged in Paris
1582 – Many Catholic countries switch to Gregorian calendar, skip 10 days
1598 – Spanish general strategist Bernardino de Mendoza occupies fort Rhine
1641 – Paul de Chomedy de Maisonneuve claims Montreal
1654 – Prince Willem III appointed viceroy of Overijssel
1655 – Jews of Lublin are massacred
1660 – Asser Levy granted butcher’s license (kosher meat) in New Amsterdam
1705 – English fleet under Lord Peterborough occupies Barcelona
1724 – Cornelis Steenoven is 1st archbishop of Old-Catholic church
1756 – Saxon army surrenders to Prussia
1764 – Edward Gibbon observes a group of friars singing in the ruined Temple of Jupiter in Rome, which inspires him to begin work on The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire
Historian Edward Gibbon

1777 – Mjr James Graves Simcoe appointed commandant of Queen’s Rangers (Penn)
1783 – Jean Pilstre de Rozier makes captive-balloon ascent
1786 – Earliest 32°F (0°C) recorded temp in NYC
1789 – 1st presidental tour-George Washington in New England
1815 – Napoleon Bonaparte arrives on island of St Helena to begin his exile
1827 – Charles Darwin admitted to Christ’s College, Cambridge
1842 – Karl Marx becomes editor-in-chief of Rheinische Zeitung
1846 – Dr William Thomas Green Morton 1st public use of ether
1860 – 11-year-old Grace Bedell writes to Lincoln, tells him to grow a beard
1863 – Cliff House opens in SF (1st of many on site)
1864 – Confederate troops occupy Glasgow, Missouri
1866 – Great fire in Quebec destroys 2,500 houses
1874 – Child labor law takes 12 year olds out of work force
Communist Philosopher Karl Marx

1877 – 45th Congress (1877-79) convenes
1878 – Edison Electric Light Company incorporated
1880 – Koln cathedral completed, 633 years after it begun
1880 – Mexican soldiers kill Victorio, one of the greatest Apache military strategists.
1881 – 1st American fishing magazine, American Angler published
1883 – Supreme Court declares Civil Rights Act of 1875 unconstitutional
1885 – Hoss Radbourne pitches his 60th win of season
1889 – Amsterdam Central Station officially opens
1890 – Alabama Penny Savings Bank organizes in Birmingham
1894 – Capt Alfred Dreyfus arrested accused of espionage in France
1897 – Aaron/Samuel Bloch carry 1st Mail Pouch
1897 – King Leopold II takes Belgian crown
1899 – Cincinnati closes season with 16-1 & 19-3 victories over Cleve Spiders
1904 – The Russians are driven back by the Japanese in the Battle of Shaho; both sides suffer high casualties: Japanese (16,000) and Russians (60,000)
Composer Claude Debussy

1905 – Claude Debussy’s “La Mer” premieres
1905 – Union workers at NVV rejects safety demands
1912 – Red Sox Tris Speaker’s makes only world series unassisted double play, from the outfield
1913 – Train crash in Liverpool during “Black Week”
1914 – ASCAP (American Society of Composers, Authors & Publishers) founded
1914 – Battle of Warsaw, begins (ends Oct 21)
1914 – Clayton Anti-trust Act passed (union & strike rights)
1917 – Chicago White Sox beat NY Giants, 4 games to 2 in 14th World Series
1917 – World War I: At Vincennes outside of Paris, Dutch dancer Mata Hari is executed by firing squad for spying for Germany.
1917 – A Parisian dancer Mata Hari is executed for espionage by the French Government after being convicted of passing military secrets to Germany
Exotic dancer, courtesan and convicted German spy Mata Hari

1918 – British Q-ship Cymric sinks British submarine J6
1919 – 14 horses begin 300-mile race from Vt to Mass for $1000 prize money
1923 – NY Yankees 1st World Series win beating NY Giants, 4 games to 2
1924 – Pres Calvin Coolidge declares Statue of Liberty a national monument
1925 – Pittsburgh Pirates beat Wash Senators, 4 games to 3 in 22nd World Series
1925 – Willem Landre’s opera “Beatrice” premieres in The Hague
1926 – Austria government of Seipel, forms
1926 – Philip Barry’s “White Wings!” premieres in NYC
1928 – German dirigible “Graf Zeppelin” lands in Lakehurst, NJ
1928 – Walter Johnson signs a 3-year contract to manage the Senators
1932 – Tata Airlines (later to become Air India) makes its first flight.
1933 – 20th Amendment to the US Constitution goes into effect: Pres term begins in Jan not March
1933 – Philadelphia Eagles play 1st NFL game, lose to NY Giants 56-0
1935 – NHL’s St Louis Eagles fold
Author Ernest Hemingway

1937 – Ernest Hemingway novel “To Have & Have Not” published
1937 – Rather than accept any trade offers, the Yanks release Tony Lazzeri
1938 – Robert Sherwoods “Abe Lincoln in Illinois” premieres in NYC
1939 – LaGuardia Airport opens in NYC
1939 – Yeshiva of Mir closes after 124 years
1940 – -16] Heavy German air raid on London, 400 killed
1940 – London’s Waterloo Station bombed by Germans
1940 – “The Great Dictator”, a satiric social commentary film by and starring Charlie Chaplin, is released.
1941 – 1st mass deportation of German Jews to Eastern Europe
1941 – Japan Tojo regime forms
1941 – Jews caught outside Nazi Ghetto walls in occupied Poland could be put to death
Comedian/Actor/FilmakernCharlie Chaplin

1942 – German 6th Army occupies Tractorenfabriek, 3,000 Germans die
1944 – The Arrow Cross Party (very similar to Hitler’s NSDAP (Nazi party)) takes over the power in Hungary.
1945 – Baseball Attendance hits record 10.28 million (Tigers 1.28 is highest)
1946 – Smallest World Series share since 1918 (Cards $3,748, Red Sox $2,140)
1946 – St Louis Cards beat Boston Red Sox, 4 games to 3 in 43rd World Series
1946 – Enos Slaughter scores from 1st on a single in World Series
1948 – China’s Red army occupies Chinchov
1949 – Administration of territory of Manipur taken over by Indian government
1949 – Billy Graham begins his ministry
1949 – Tripura accedes to Indian union
1951 – Egyptian parliament accept denounces Suez Canal Treaty
1951 – Mexican chemist Luis E. Miramontes synthesized the first oral contraceptive
Actor Desi Arnaz

1951 – “I Love Lucy”, starring Lucille Ball and Desi Arnaz, debuts on CBS
1952 – Arthur Laurent’s “Time of the Cuckoo” premieres in NYC
1953 – John Patrick’s “Teahouse of the Red Moon” premieres in NYC
1953 – KOIN TV channel 6 in Portland, OR (CBS) begins broadcasting
1953 – WJNL (now WFAT) TV channel 19 in Johnstown, PA (IND) begins
1954 – Hurricane Hazel strikes US & Canada, 348 die
1954 – KLTV TV channel 7 in Tyler-Longview, TX (ABC) begins broadcasting
1956 – Pyotr Bolotnikov runs world record 10k (28:42.8)
1956 – William J Brennan Jr appointed to US Supreme Court
1956 – Yankees Enos Slaughter scores from 1st on a single in World Series
1957 – Giants trade Minneapolis franchise to Red Sox for SF Seals-franchises only, not the players
1958 – Tunisia drops diplomatic relations with Egypt
1958 – USSR performs nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya USSR
1959 – “Untouchables” premieres
1959 – KNDO TV channel 23 in Yakima, WA (NBC) begins broadcasting
1960 – “Laughs & Other Events” closes at Barrymore Theater NYC after 8 perfs
1962 – Byron R White appointed to Supreme Court
1962 – WLOX TV channel 13 in Biloxi-Gulfport, MS (ABC) begins broadcasting
1963 – Ludwig Erhard follows Conrad Adenauer as West German Chancellor
1964 – Craig Breedlove sets auto speed record of 846.97 kph
1964 – St Louis Cardinals beat NY Yankees, 4 games to 3 in 61st World Series
1964 – NY Yankees appears in 14 & win 9 of last 16 World Series
1965 – Dodgers & Sandy Koufax win 7th game of 62nd World Series vs Twins
1965 – WEMT (now WVII) TV channel 7 in Bangor, ME (ABC) begins broadcasting
1966 – Australia bans Troggs’ “I Can’t Control Myself” as “terribly obscene”
36th US President Lyndon B. Johnson

1966 – LBJ signs a bill creating US Dept of Transportation
1966 – Black Panther Party was created by Huey P. Newton and Bobby Seale.
1968 – AL expansion draft, KC pick Roger Nelson & Pilots pick Don Mincher 1st
1968 – The Nationalist Party of Northern Ireland (NPNI) withdraws from its role as ‘official’ opposition within the Northern Ireland parliament at Stormont
1969 – Bank of America World Headquarters (555 California) dedicated
1969 – Madison Square Garden TV Network begins (Rangers vs North Stars)
1969 – NY Met Ron Swoboda’s spectacular diving catch of sinking liner with runners at 1st & 3rd in 9th, Mets win in 10th in World Series game
1969 – Oriole Earl Weaver becomes 1st manager ejected in a World Series
1969 – Vietnam Moratorium Day; millions nationwide protest the war
1969 – 3rd Country Music Association Award: Johnny Cash & Tammy Wynette wins
1970 – Anwar Sadat elected president of Egypt
1970 – Baltimore Orioles beat Cin Reds, 4 games to 1 in 67th World Series
Country Singer Johnny Cash

1970 – Bridge over Yarra River in Melbourne crashes; killing 35
1970 – Russian passenger flight hijacked to Turkey
1971 – The start of the 2,500-year celebration of Iran, celebrating the birth of Persia.
1972 – 61st Davis Cup: USA beats Romania in Bucharest (3-2)
1972 – Omni in Atlanta opens – Hawks beat NY Knicks 109-101
1973 – 7th Country Music Association Award: Roy Clark wins
1973 – Tanks attack Thailand demonstrating students, 300 killed
1974 – National Guard mobilizes to restore order in Boston school busing
1974 – Nobel prize for chemistry awarded to Paul J Flory (macro molecules)
1974 – Washington Capitals 1st NHL tie, playing LA Kings to 1-1 tie
1975 – Iceland moves intl boundary from 50 to 200 miles
1976 – 1st debate of major-ticket VP nominees Mondale (D) vs Dole (R)
Beatles Drummer Ringo Starr

1976 – Ringo Starr releases “A Dose of Rock ‘n’ Roll”
1977 – Arkansas’ Steve Little kicks a record tying 67 yard field goal
1977 – Debbie Boone’s “You Light Up My Life” goes #1 & stays #1 for 10 weeks
1977 – Don Ritchie runs world record 100 mile (11:30:51)
1978 – Silvia Bertolaccini wins LPGA Civitan Golf Open
1978 – USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakh/Semipalitinsk USSR
1979 – 1st Monday night game from NYC, Jets beat Vikings 14-7 (Shea Stad)
1979 – Chinese premier Hwa Kwofeng visits Paris
1979 – Military coup in El Salvador: president/general Carlos Romero flees
1979 – NY Knicks retire 2nd number, # 10, Walt Frazier
1980 – George Brett is forced out of World Series with hemorrhoids
1980 – Nobel prize for economy awarded to Lawrence R Klein
1981 – Professional cheerleader Krazy George Henderson leads what is thought to be the first audience wave in Oakland, California.
MLB Third Baseman George Brett

1981 – MLB American League Championship: New York Yankees beat Oakland Athletics, 3 games to 0
1983 – Black Hawks & Maple Leafs combine for fastest 5 goals (84 seconds)
1983 – Columbia beats Yale 21-18 in football, will lose next 44 games
1983 – US Marine sharpshooters kill 5 snipers at Beirut International Airport
1983 – 34th Formula One WDC: Nelson Piquet wins by two points
1984 – Central Intelligence Agency Information Act passes
1984 – Centrum party expels 2nd Member of parliament Janmaat due to fraud
1985 – Nobel prize for economics awarded to Franco Modigliani
1985 – Shuttle Columbia carries Spacelab into orbit
1985 – Shelley Taylor of Australia makes fastest swim ever around Manhattan Island, doing it in 6 hours 12 minutes 29 seconds
1986 – Longest post season game, Mets beat Astros 7-6 in 16 & win NL pennant
1986 – MLB National League Championship: New York Mets beat Houston Astros, 4 games to 2
1986 – MLB American League Championship: Boston Red Sox beat California Angels, 4 games to 3
1987 – “Late Nite Comic” opens at Ritz Theater NYC for 4 performances
1987 – 6th Belgium government of Martens falls
1987 – Coup in Burkina Faso, president Sankara dies
1987 – Lanford Wilson’s “Burn This” premieres in NYC
1987 – NFL Players Association orders an end to 24 day strike
1987 – The Great Storm of 1987 hits France and England.
1988 – Amnesty International’s Global Concert Tour ends in Buenos Aires
1988 – NCAA record rushing yardage (768 yards-Oklahoma)
1988 – With 2 outs in bottom of 9th, an injured Kirk Gibson hits dramatic 2 run HR to gives Dodgers a 5-4 win in 1st game of World Series
Evangelist Billy Graham

1989 – Billy Graham is given 1,900th star on Hollywood Blvd
1989 – South Africa President FW de Klerk frees ANC Founder Walter Sisulu & 4 other political prisoners
1989 – Wayne Gretzky passes Gordie Howes as NHL’s all time top scorer
1990 – Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev wins Nobel Peace Prize
1991 – Clarence Thomas is confirmed as Supreme Court Justice (52-48)
1992 – Charles Taylor launches an offensive against Monrovia Liberia
1992 – Howard Stern radio show begins broadcasting on WLUP-AM, Chicago
1992 – NYC Subway motorman Robert Ray convicted of manslaughter in death of 5 riders, when he fell asleep drunk while in control of train
1993 – Amstel brewery on Curacao produces 1,000,000,000th bottle
1993 – Nelson Mandela & South Africa president F W de Klerk awarded Nobel Peace Prize

Anti-apartheid activist and South African President Nelson Mandela

1994 – Botswana Pres Ketumile Masires BDP wins parliamentary election
1994 – Pres Jean-Baptiste Aristide returns to Haiti
1995 – Annika Sorenstam wins LPGA World Championship of Women’s Golf
1995 – Carolina Panthers win 1st game ever beating NY Jets 26-15
1997 – Britain’s Andy Green sets jet-powered car record (763.035 mph)
1997 – Former rep Dan Rostenkowski released from custody for mail fraud
1997 – NY jury awards boxer Mitch Green $45,000 in civil lawsuit against Mike Tyson, for street brawl in 1988
1997 – US launches nuclear powered Cassini to Saturn
1997 – MLB American League Championship: Cleveland Indians beat Baltimore Orioles, 4 games to 2
2000 – Larry David’s “Curb Your Enthusiasm” debuts on HBO
2001 – NASA’s Galileo spacecraft passes within 112 miles of Jupiter’s moon Io.
2001 – The first tanker loading of the new $2.5-billion Kazakh-Russia Pipeline takes place
Comedian/Writer Larry David

2003 – China launches Shenzhou 5, its first manned space mission.
2003 – The Staten Island Ferry boat Andrew J. Barberi collides with a pier at the St. George Ferry Terminal in Staten Island, killing 11 people and injuring 43.
2003 – MLB National League Championship: Florida Marlins beat Chicago Cubs, 4 games to 3
2005 – Iraqi constitution ratification vote
2005 – Riot in Toledo, Ohio breaks out during a National Socialist/Neo-Nazi protest; over 100 are arrested.
2007 – 17 Activists in Aotearoa New Zealand arrested in the country’s first post 9/11 anti-terrorism raids across the country.
2007 – MLB National League Championship: Colorado Rockies beat Arizona Diamondbacks, 4 games to 0
2008 – MLB National League Championship: Philadelphia Phillies beat Los Angeles Dodgers, 4 games to 1
2011 – Global protests break out in 951 cities in 82 countries.
2011 – Legoland Florida (the world’s largest Legoland theme park) opens in Winter Haven, Florida.
2011 – MLB American League Championship: Texas Rangers beat Detroit Tigers, 4 games to 2
2012 – Hilary Mantel wins the 2012 Man Booker Prize for her novel “Bring Up the Bodies”
2014 – MLB American League Championship: Kansas City Royals beat Baltimore Orioles, 4 games to 0

BIRTHDAYS

70 BC – Virgil, (Publius Vergilius Maro) Andes, Cisalpine Gaul, Roman Republican poet (Aeneid), (d. 19 BC)
1471 – Konrad Mutian, German humanist (d. 1526)
1542 – Djalalud-Din Mohammed Akbar, Mughal Emperor in India (1556-1605)
1550 – Henry, earl of Nassau-Dillenburg/brother of William of Orange
1608 – Evangelista Torricelli, Italian physicist (d. 1647)
1674 – Robert Herrick, English poet (‘Gather ye rosebuds while ye may’), born in London
1686 – Allan Ramsay, Scottish poet (d. 1758)
1701 – Marie-Marguerite d’Youville, first native Canadian canonized (d. 1771)
1711 – Elisabeth Teresa of Lorraine, queen of Sardinia (d. 1741)
1761 – Peter Gronland, composer
1762 – Samuel Adams Holyoke, composer
1775 – Bernhard Henrik Crusell, composer
1784 – Thomas Hastings, composer
1784 – Thomas Robert Bugeaud, Marshal of France and duke of Isly (d. 1849)
1785 – Jose Miguel Carrera, president of Chile (1811-14)
Mughal Emperor Akbar(1542)

1795 – Frederik Willem IV, king of Prussia (1840-61)/Germany (1849-61)
1799 – August Ferdinand Haeser, composer
1816 – Amiel Weeks Whipple, Major General (Union volunteers), (d. 1863)
1818 – Irvin McDowell, Major General (Union volunteers), (d. 1885)
1819 – Marinus FAG Campbell, bibliography/literary
1822 – Alfred Meissner, Austrian physician/writer
1825 – Queen Marie of Prussia (d. 1889)
1829 – Asaph Hall, discovered satellites of Mars (Phobos & Deimos)
1831 – Helen Maria Hunt Jackson, author (Ramona)
1832 – Henry Harrison Walker, Brigadier General (Confederate Army), (d. 1912)
1833 – Klaas Kater, Dutch Christian Worker’s Union Leader
1836 – Thomas Lafayette Rosser, Mjr General (Confederate Army), (d. 1910)
1836 – James Tissot, French artist (d. 1902)
1840 – Honoré Mercier, politician and premier of Quebec (d. 1894)
Philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche (1844)

1844 – Friedrich Nietzsche, Röcken bei Lützen, Prussia, German philosopher (Beyond Good and Evil), (d. 1900)
1851 – George F Moore, US theologist (Hebrews, Old Testament)
1852 – Wilhelm Posse, composer
1856 – R G Nivelle, French military man
1858 – Frank Valentine Van der Stucken, composer
1858 – John L Sullivan, Mass, heavyweight boxing champ (1882-92)
1859 – Jaime de Magalhes Lima, Portuguese author/poet (Salmos do Prisoneiro)
1865 – Walther Amelung, German archaeologist
1872 – Wilhelm Miklas, Austrian president (d. 1956)
1874 – Otallo Morales, composer
1874 – Prince Alfred of Edinburgh (d. 1899)
1878 – Paul Reynaud, premier France (May-June 1940)
1879 – Jane Darwell, [Patti Woodward], Palmyra MO, actress (Huckleberry Finn)
1879 – Sara Allgood, actress (Blackmail, Storm in a Teacup), born in Dublin, Ireland
1881 – P G Wodehouse, British-American writer (Stiff Upper Lip Jeeves)
1882 – Charley O’Leary, American baseball player (d. 1941)
1884 – Arch Hoxsey, pioneer aviator (d. 1910)
1890 – Arcady Dubensky, composer
1892 – Ina Claire, [Fagan], actress (Ninotchika), born in Washington, D.C.
1893 – Charles II, King of Romania (1930-40)
1894 – Moshe Sharett, second Prime Minister of Israel (d. 1965)
1895 – Alfred Neumann, German playwright (Devil)
1896 – Melville Cooper, TV panelist (I Got a Secret), born in Birmingham, England
1898 – Gunther Ramin, composer
1898 – Boughera El Ouafi, Algerian athlete (d. 1951)
1900 – Fritz Feld, actor (Jack Benny Show, At the Circus), born in Berlin, Germany
1900 – Mervyn LeRoy, movie producer (Devil at 4 O’Clock)
1901 – Bernard von Brentano, German writer (Big Cats)
1901 – Hermann Abs, director (Deutsche Bank)/Hitler’s advisor
1901 – Robert Bromston Thesiger Daniell, soldier
1902 – Andrey Yakolevich Shtogarenko, composer
1902 – William Edmundson, Spokane Wash, vocalist (Southernaires)
1904 – Julian Hodge, British financier/multi-millionaire (Hodge Group)
1905 – Alexey Kozlovsky, composer
1905 – Charles P Snow, English novelist/scientist (Death Under Sail)
1905 – Dag Ivar Wiren, composer
1905 – Edna Deanne Fuelling, dancer choreographer/drama teacher
1905 – C. P. Snow, British writer (d. 1980)
1906 – Hiram Fong, Honolulu U.S. (Sen-R-Hawaii)
1907 – John “Cardinal” Dearden, US cardinal (1969-88)/archbishop of Detroit
1907 – Varian Fry, American journalist (d. 1967)
Economist and Author John Kenneth Galbraith (1908)

1908 – John Kenneth Galbraith, economist (Affluent Society-58 Hillman Award)
1909 – Robert Trout, Wake County NC, newscaster (ABC)
1910 – Xenophon Balaskas, cricketer (South African leg-spinner of 30’s)
1911 – James H[enry] Schmitz, Germany, sci-fi author (Lion Game)
1915 – W Weyrauch, writer
1915 – Yitzhak Shamir, Israeli politician (Prime Minister 1983–84, 1986–1992, (d. 2012)
1917 – Arthur Schlesinger Jr, Ohio, historian (1946 Pulitzer-Age of Jackson)
1917 – Jan Miner, actress (Crime Photographer), born in Boston, Massachusetts
1919 – Edwin C Tubb, Brits sci-fi writer (Earth is Heaven, Earthfall)
1919 – Howard Frank Trayton Smith, diplomat/head (MI5)
1919 – Malcolm Ross, American balloonist and atmospheric physicist (d. 1985)
1920 – Mario Puzo, novelist (The Godfather, Cotton Club, Earthquake), born in NYC, New York (d. 1999)
Novelist Mario Puzo (1920)

1920 – Henri Verneuil, French film director (d. 2002)
1921 – Angelica Rozeanu, Romanian table tennis player (World Champ 1950-55)
1921 – Gul Mahomed, cricketer (Indian & Pakistani batsman)
1922 – Agustina Bessa-Luís, Portuguese writer
1923 – Italo Calvino, Cuba, author (Winter’s Night a Traveler)
1924 – Colin Romoff, orchestra leader (Andy Williams Show), born in NYC, New York
1924 – Lee A Iacocca, CEO (Chrysler Corp)
1924 – Nigel Green, South Africa, actor (Skull, Tobruk, Ipcress File)
1924 – Mark Lenard, American actor (Mr Spock’s dad Sarek-Star Trek), born in Chicago, Illinois
1924 – Marguerite Andersen, German writer
1925 – Mickey Baker, rocker
1926 – Evan Hunter, [Ed McBain], American writer (Blackboard Jungle)
1926 – Jean Peters, Canton OH, actress (Viva Zapata!, Apache, Deep Waters)
1926 – Karl Richter, composer
1926 – Michel Foucault, French philosopher (History of Sexuality)
1926 – Paul-Michel Foucault, French philosopher (Les Mots et les Choses)
1927 – Mary Perot Nichols, journalist
1927 – Oswald Moxley Gibbs, diplomat
1927 – Bill Henry, Alice, TX, American baseball player (Boston Red Sox, Cincinnati Reds), (d. 2014)
1930 – Phillipe Leroy, Paris France, actor (Night Porter, Leonardo da Vinci)
1930 – Fereydun M. Esfandiary, Iranian philosopher (d. 2000)
1931 – [Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen] Abdul Kalam, 11th President of India, born in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu (d. 2015)
1932 – Jaan Raats, composer
1932 – Riekus Waskowsky, poet
1934 – Peter Haskell, actor (Bracken’s World, Rituals), born in Boston, Massachusetts
1934 – N. Ramani, Indian flutist
1935 – Bobby Joe Morrow, Brownsville TX, sprinter (Olympic-3 gold-1956)
1935 – Hans Croiset, Dutch theatre director/actor (Witte Waan)
1935 – Murdo Alexander MacLeod, minister
1935 – Barry McGuire, American singer
1936 – Kari Rydman, composer
1937 – Anthony Hopkins, clinical neurologist
1937 – Barry McGuire, singer (Eve of Destruction), born in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
1937 – Linda Lavin, Portland Maine, actress (Alice, Barney Miller)
1938 – Fela Ransome/Anikulapo Kuti, Nigerian singer/saxophonist (d. 1997)
1938 – Marvin E “Marv” Johnson, US gospel/R&B singer (Move 2 mountains)
1938 – Rafael Aponte-Ledee, composer
1939 – Carmelo Bossi, Italy, light middleweight boxer (Olympic-silver-1960)
1940 – Peter Doherty, Australian immunologist, Nobel laureate
1942 – Don Stevenson, rock drummer (Moby Grape), born in Seattle, Washington
1942 – James A Leach, (Rep-R-Iowa, 1977- )
1943 – Penny Marshall, American actress (Odd Couple, Laverne & Shirley), born in The Bronx, New York
1944 – Mac Collins, (Rep-R-Georgia)
1944 – Sali Berisha, President of Albania
1944 – Haim Saban, Egyptian-born American media proprietor
1945 – Jim Palmer, American baseball player (Baltimore Orioles 1965-1984), born in NYC, New York
1945 – Steven Camacho, cricketer (WI batsman early seventies)
1945 – Jere Burns, American actor
1946 – Richard Carpenter, New Haven Ct, vocalist (Carpenters-Close to You)
1946 – Victor Banerjee, Calcutta India, actor (A Passage to India)
1946 – Stewart Stevenson, Scottish politician
1947 – Lynn Lowry, E St Louis Ill, actress (Cat People, Crazies)
1948 – Aleksandr S Puchkov, Russian colonel/cosmonaut
1950 – Chris De Burgh, [Davidson], Argent/Irish rock vocalist (Lady in Red)
1950 – Koos van der Vaart, Dutch MP (PvdA)
1951 – Frank Dimino, rock vocalist (Angel), born in Washington, D.C.
Tennis Player and Australian Open Roscoe Tanner (1951)

1951 – Roscoe Tanner, Kiawah Island South Carolina, tennis player (Wimbledon Finals 1979)
1953 – Larry Miller, comedian/actor (Larry-Pursuit Of Happiness), born in NYC, New York
1953 – [Toriano] Tito Jackson, singer (Jackson 5-ABC, Never Can Say Goodbye)
1953 – Betsy Clifford, Canadian alpine skier
1954 – Jere Burns, Cambridge MS, actor (Something So Right, Kirk-Dear John)
1954 – Kip Byrne, Canadian Tour golfer (Mich State Jr-1970-71), born in Detroit, Michigan
1955 – Cathy Ladman, comedienne (Don’t Tell Mom the Babysitter’s Dead)
1955 – Kristine Winder, playmate (Oct, 1977), born in Vancouver, British Columbia
1955 – Tanya Roberts, [Leigh], actress (Charlie’s Angels, Sheena), born in The Bronx, New York
Tennis Player Victor Pecci(1955)

1955 – Victor Pecci, Asuncion Paraguay, tennis star
1955 – Kulbir Bhaura, British field hockey player
1957 – Mira Nair, Indian director
1957 – Stacy Peralta, American director
1958 – Jayne Modean, Hartford Ct, actress (Nurse Hooter-Trauma Center)
1959 – Sarah Magaret Fergusson, [Fergie], Duchess of York, born in London, England
1959 – Emeril Lagasse, American chef
1959 – Todd Solondz, American film director
1962 – Susan DeMattei, cyclist (Olympics-bronze-96), born in San Franciso, California
1963 – Angela Rock, Lakewood CA, WPVA volleyballer (US Open-1992)
1963 – Stanley Menzo, Suriname/Dutch soccer goaltender (Ajax/PSV)
1964 – Roberto Vittori, Italian astronaut
Entrepreneur Jack Ma(1964)

1964 – Jack Ma, Chinese entrepreneur and founder of Alibaba Group, born in Hangzhou
1965 – Daniel Held, Milwaukee Wisc, 10k runner
1966 – Douglas Vipond, British pop drummer (Deacon Blue-Raintown)
1966 – Jeffrey Jacquet, Bay City Texas, actor (Mork & Mindy, Whiz Kids)
1966 – Jorge Campos, Mexican footballer
1967 – Carlos Garcia, Venezuela, infielder (Pittsburgh Pirates)
1968 – George Koonce, NFL linebacker (Green Bay Packers-Super Bowl 31)
1968 – Meredith Rainey, 800m runner, born in Brooklyn, New York
1968 – Jyrki 69, Finnish musician The 69 Eyes
1968 – Didier Deschamps, French footballer
1969 – Curtis Cotton, NFL/WLAF cornerback (Oak Raiders, Frankfurt Galaxy)
1969 – Vítor Baía, Portuguese footballer
1969 – Dominic West, British actor
1970 – Cooper Harris, CFL linebacker (Hamilton Tiger Cats)
1970 – Lonnie Palelei, guard (NY Jets)
1970 – Eric Benét, American singer
1971 – Angelia Savage, Miss USA-Florida (1997, top 6)
1971 – Bernardo Harris, NFL linebacker (Green Bay Packers-Super Bowl 31)
1971 – Roland McGhee, Flint Michigan, long jumper
1971 – Andy Cole, British footballer
1972 – Fred Hoiberg, NBA guard (Indiana Pacers)
1972 – Matt Keeslar, American actor
1973 – Susannah Kate Pryde, Auckland NZ, road race cyclist (Olympics-96)
1973 – Dax Riggs, American musician
1975 – Ginuwine, American singer
1975 – Glen Little, English footballer
1976 – Yoon Son-ha, South Korean actress and singer
1977 – Masato Kawabata, Japanese racing driver
1977 – Erin McKeown, American musician
1977 – Patricio Urrutia, Ecuadorian footballer
1977 – David Trezeguet, French football player
1978 – Cheryl Crowe, Miss Delaware Teen USA (1997)
1978 – Devon Gummersall, Colo, actor (Relativity, Brian-My So Called Life)
1978 – Takeshi Morishima Japanese professional wrestler
1979 – Mahana Ka’ahumanu Walters, Miss Hawaii Teen USA (3rd-1997)
1979 – Paul Robinson, English football player
1979 – Māris Verpakovskis, Latvian football player
1979 – Blue Adams, American Football Player
1980 – Tom Boonen, Belgian cyclist
1980 – Siiri Nordin, Finnish singer (Killer)
1981 – Guo Jingjing, Chinese diver
1981 – Radoslav Židek, Slovak snowboarder
1981 – Keyshia Cole, African American R&B singer
1981 – Elena Dementieva, Russian tennis player
1982 – Paulini Curuenavuli, Fijian singer
1982 – Charline Labonté, French Canadian ice hockey goaltender
1983 – Stephy Tang, Hong Kong singer and actress
1985 – Walter López, Uruguayan footballer
1985 – Marcos Martinez Ucha, Spanish racing driver
1986 – Lee Donghae, Korean singer (a member of super junior)
1987 – Jesse Levine, American tennis player
1991 – Owen Joseph Kline, son of Phoebe Cates & Kevin Kline
1992 – Vincent Martella, American actor
2005 – Prince Christian of Denmark

WEDDINGS

1501 – Heir to the English Prince Arthur marries Catherine of Aragon
1913 – Author Beatrix Potter (47) weds solicitor William Heelis at St Mary Abbots in Kensington, London
1927 – Writer Graham Greene (23) weds Vivien Dayrell-Browning at St. Mary’s Church in Hampstead, North London
1948 – 38th US President Gerald Ford (35) weds department store fashion consultant Elizabeth (Betty) Bloomer Warren (30) at Grace Episcopal Church in Grand Rapids, Ford
1963 – Folk singer Mary Travers (26) weds photographer Barry Feinstein
1980 – Actor Rod Taylor (50) weds Carol Kikumura
Actress Shannen Doherty(2011)

2011 – “Charmed” TV actress Shannen Doherty (40) weds photographer Kurt Iswarienko (37) in Malibu

DIVORCES

1993 – Guardian Angel Lisa Evers Sliwa files for divorce from Curtis Sliwa
Baseball Player Darryl Strawberry (1993)

1993 – Baseball player Darryl Strawberry (31) divorces Lisa Andrews after more than 8 years of marriage
2002 – Comedian Tom Green (30) divorces actress Drew Barrymore (26) due to irreconcilable differences after less than a year of marriage

DEATHS

412 – Theophilus, Patriarch of Alexandria
892 – Al-Mutamid, kalief of Abbasiden, dies
898 – Lambert, Holy Roman Emperor
912 – Abdullah ibn Muhammad, Emir of Córdoba
1002 – Otto-Henry, Duke of Burgundy (b. 946)
1080 – Rudolf of Rheinfeld, Duke of Swabia and German anti-King
1268 – Dirk II, mister of Valkenburg, dies
1271 – Hostiensis, [Henricus the Segusia], cardinal/bishop of Ostia, dies
1326 – Walter de Stapledon, English bishop (b. 1261)
1389 – Urban VI, [Bartolomeo Prignano], Italian pope (1378-89), dies
1512 – Antoon Keldermans, Flem builder (Middelburg town hall), dies at 72
1524 – Joachim Patinir, Flemish landscape painter, dies at about 45
1539 – Reynier Brunt, procureur-general of Court of Holland, dies
1595 – Abu al-Faiz ibn Mubarak Faizi, Persian-Dutch E indies poet, dies at 48
1605 – Abul-Fath Djalal-ud-Din, Mogol keizer of India (1556-1605), dies at 63
1682 – John Ferrabosco, composer, dies at 56
1715 – Humphry Ditton, English mathematician (b. 1675)
1730 – Antoine Laumet de La Mothe, sieur de Cadillac, French explorer (b. 1658)
1788 – Samuel Greig, Scottish-Russian admiral (b. 1735)
1810 – Alfred Moore, American judge (b. 1755)
1811 – Nathaniel Dance-Holland, English painter (b. 1735)
1817 – Tadeusz AB Kosciusko, Polish lt-general/freedom fighter, dies
1819 – F Louise W, daughter of viceroy Willem V, dies at 48
1819 – Sergey Vyazmitinov, Russian general and statesman (b. 1744)
1820 – Karl Philipp Fürst zu Schwarzenberg, Austrian field marshal (b. 1771)
1837 – Ivan Dmitriev, Russian statesman and poet (b. 1760)
1883 – Francesco Schira, composer, dies at 74
1891 – Gilbert Arthur a Beckett, English writer (b. 1837)
1900 – Zdenek Fibich, composer, dies at 49
1910 – Stanley “Midnight Assassin” Ketchel, heavy weight boxing champ, shot & killed
1914 – Aleksander Rozycki, composer, dies at 69

Exotic dancer, courtesan and convicted German spy Mata Hari (1917)

1917 – Mata Hari, Dutch dancer/German spy, executed by firing squad in Paris
1918 – Sai Baba of Shirdi, Indian saint (b. circa 1838)
1930 – Herbert Henry Dow, American chemical industrialist (b. 1866)
1934 – Raymond Poincaré, premier/president France (1913-20), dies at 74
1937 – James Marcus, American actor (The Eagle, The Lonely Trail) dies at 70
1942 – Dirk Bannink, nurse/local counciller Deventer, executed
1944 – Philip Mechanicus, journalist, executed in Auschwitz-Birkenau
1945 – Pierre Laval, former premier of Vichy France, executed at 62
1946 – Hermann Goering, Nazi Reichmarshal, poisons himself in prison at 53
1948 – Edythe Chapman, American actress (b. 1863)
1955 – Fumio Hayasaka, composer, dies at 41
1958 – Jack Mason, cricketer (England all-rounder v Australia 1897-98), dies
1958 – John C Poortenaar, painter/etcher/cartoonist, dies at 72
1958 – John Hamilton, actor (Perry White-Superman), dies at 61
1959 – Lipót Fejér, Hungarian mathematician (b. 1880)
Nazi Politician Hermann Goering (1946)

1960 – Clara Kimball Young, actress (Return of Chandu), dies of stroke at 70
1960 – Henny Porten, silent screen actress (Mother Love), dies at 70
1960 – Maude Eburne, actress (Ladies They Talk About, Guardsman), dies at 84
1963 – Edmond Fleg[enheimer], Swiss/French writer (Ecoute Israel), dies
1963 – Horton Smith. American golfer (b. 1908)
1964 – Cole Porter, composer (Still of the Night), dies at 73
1965 – Carl Hoff, orchestra leader (Music Hall), dies at 60
1968 – Bea Benaderet, NYC, actress (Kate-Petticoat Junction), dies at 62
1968 – Franz Reizenstein, composer, dies at 57
1969 – Rod[erique] La Rocque, US western actor (Mystery Woman), dies
1969 – Shermake, president of (Somalia), murdered
1971 – Sylvester Magee, last living American slave and oldest person who ever lived, dies at 130
1976 – Carlo Gambino, Italian-American gangster, dies of a heart attack at 74
Gangster Carlo Gambino(1976)

1977 – Ralph Truman, actor (Henry V, Treasure Island), dies at 77
1980 – Mikhail Lavrentyev, Russian physicist and mathematician (b. 1900)
1980 – Apostolos Nikolaidis, Greek footballer and volleyball player (b. 1896)
1981 – Frank DeKova, actor (Chief Wild Eagle-F Troop), dies
1981 – Justin Jud Strunk Jr, comedian (Laugh In), dies at 48
1981 – Philip Fotheringham-Parker, British racing driver (b. 1907)
1982 – Elsie Randolph, actress (That’ll Make You Whistle), dies
1983 – Pat O’Brien, actor (Some like it hot), dies of heart attack at 83
1985 – Meret Oppenheim, writer, dies at 72
1987 – Thomas Sankara, president of Burkina Faso, dies
1990 – Delphine Seyrig, dies of lung disease at 58
1991 – Hotze de Roos, carpenter/kid book writer (Chameleon series), dies
1992 – Dorothy Helen Baker, mother of Diane Baker, dies at 78
1993 – Ken E Jones, musician (New Amsterdam Symph Orch), dies of AIDS at 34
1994 – Hannes Wustinger, Austrian race car driver, dies at 29
1994 – Karl Edward Wagner, writer, dies at 48
1994 – Sarah Kofman, philosopher, dies at 60
1994 – Wilhelmus HL “Willem” Tollenaar, actor/director (Elkerlyc), dies at 82
1995 – Arthur Carleton Hetherington, public servant, dies at 82
1995 – Phil Sidey, broadcaster, dies at 69
1996 – Bernard Frank, oriental scholar/writer, dies at 69
2000 – Konrad Emil Bloch, German-born biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1912)
2001 – Zhang Xueliang, Chinese ruler of Manchuria (b. 1901)
2003 – Ben Metcalfe, Canadian environmental activist (b. 1919)
2003 – Bertram N. Brockhouse, Canadian physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1918)
2005 – Jason Collier, American basketball player (b. 1977)
2005 – Matti Wuori, Finnish politician (b. 1945)
2008 – Fazıl Hüsnü Dağlarca, Turkish poet (b. 1914)
2008 – Edie Adams, American singer and Broadway actress (b. 1927)
2008 – Jack Narz, American game show host (b. 1922)
2010 – Richard C. Miller, American photographer (b. 1912)
2010 – Mildred Fay Jefferson, American physician and pro-life activist (b. 1926)
2010 – Johnny Sheffield, American actor (b. 1931)
2011 – Betty Driver, British Actress (b. 1920)
King of Cambodia Norodom Sihanouk (2012)

2012 – Norodom Sihanouk, King of Cambodia, dies from a heart attack at 89

ALSO ON THIS DAY

• Lead Story

• 1917 Mata Hari executed

• American Revolution

• 1780 British retreat from Middleburgh

• Automotive

• 2004 “Funeral coaches” exempted from car-seat law

• Civil War

• 1863 C.S.S. Hunley sinks during tests

• Cold War

• 1990 Mikhail Gorbachev wins Nobel Peace Prize

• Crime

• 1948 A murderous husband is executed

• Disaster

• 1954 Hurricane Hazel hits the Carolinas and Ontario

• General Interest

• 1945 Vichy leader executed for treason
• 1989 Gretzky breaks scoring record
• 1991 Thomas confirmed to the Supreme Court

• Hollywood

• 2007 Drew Carey debuts as new host of The Price is Right

• Literary

• 1881 P.G. Wodehouse is born
• 1960 Moneyball author Michael Lewis is born

• Music

• 1930 Duke Ellington records his first big hit, “Mood Indigo”

• Old West

• 1880 Chiricahua Apache leader Victorio is killed south of El Paso, Texas

• Presidential

• 1948 Gerald Ford marries Elizabeth Bloomer

• Sports

• 1989 Wayne Gretzky breaks NHL points record

• Vietnam War

• 1965 First draft card burned
• 1966 Operation Attleboro continues in Tay Ninh Province
• 1969 National Moratorium demonstrations held across the United States

• World War I

• 1917 Mata Hari is executed

• World War II

• 1946 Herman Goering dies

1944 – “The Desert Fox” commits suicide

On this day in 1944, German Gen. Erwin Rommel, nicknamed “the Desert Fox,” is given the option of facing a public trial for treason, as a co-conspirator in the plot to assassinate Adolf Hitler, or taking cyanide. He chooses the latter.

Rommel was born in 1891 in Wurttenberg, Germany, the son of a teacher. Although not descended from military men, the newly unified German empire made it fashionable to choose a military career, which young Rommel did, becoming an officer cadet. During World War I, he showed himself to be a natural leader with unnatural courage, fighting in France, Romania, and Italy. Following the war, he pursued a teaching career in German military academies, writing a textbook, Infantry Attacks, that was well regarded.

At the outbreak of World War II, Rommel was given command of the troops that guarded Hitler’s headquarters, a disappointment for a man used to fighting on the front lines with the infantry. But in early 1940, he was given his chance to put to use his gifts, when he was given command of the 7th Panzer Division. Although a novice as far as mechanized forces were concerned, he soon mastered the advantages and proved his leadership abilities again in the German offensive against the French channel coast in May.

In early 1941, Rommel was given control of the troops sent to North Africa to aid Germany’s ailing ally, Italy, in maintaining its position in Libya. It is here, in the deserts of North Africa, that Rommel earned his vaunted reputation, as well as his nickname (he became known for his “fox-like” sneak attacks). Winning significant victories against the British, whom he begrudgingly admired, Rommel nevertheless became weary of this theater of operations; he wanted to go back to Europe. It wasn’t until a second battle to take el-Alamein in Egypt went against him that the “invincible” general was finally called home back to Europe.

Hitler put Rommel back in northern France, to guard against an Allied invasion. Rommel’s suggestions for the precautions necessary to repel an enemy invasion were not heeded, and he began to lose confidence in Hitler and Germany’s ability to win the war. When Rommel was approached by friends to agree to head the German government in the event of Hitler’s overthrow, he agreed-although there was no explicit talk of assassination, which he found abhorrent.

D-Day was launched, and Rommel’s prediction of disaster for Germany’s position played itself out. Still, Hitler would not consider negotiations with the Allies. Rommel ended up in the hospital after his car was attacked by British bombers and he was forced off the road. Meanwhile, details of the failed assassination plot had come to Hitler’s attention, including Rommel’s contact with the conspirators. As Rommel was convalescing in his home at Herrlingen, two generals visited and offered him his choice-trial or suicide. Rommel told his wife and son what had transpired, and that he had chosen to take the cyanide capsules the generals had provided.

The German government gave Rommel a state funeral. His death was attributed to war wounds.

October 14th

EVENTS

530 – Discorus ends his reign as Catholic anti-Pope
1066 – Battle of Hastings, Duke William of Normandy and Norman army defeat English forces of Harold II
1322 – Robert the Bruce of Scotland defeats King Edward II of England at Byland, forcing Edward to accept Scotland’s independence
1468 – Treaty of Peronne: Duke Charles the Stoute & French King Louis XI
1492 – Columbus leaves San Salvador; arrives in Santa Maria of Concepcion (Bahamas)
1529 – Sultan Suleiman II ceases Vienna
1586 – Mary Queen of Scots goes on trial for conspiracy against Elizabeth
1700 – Rabbi Judah Hasid & Chayim Molocho arrive in Jerusalem
1745 – French help convoy reaches Montrose Scotland
1758 – Battle at Hochkirk, Saksen: Austrian army beats Prussia
1773 – The first recorded Ministry of Education, the Komisja Edukacji Narodowej (Polish for Commission of National Education), is formed in Poland.
1773 – American Revolutionary War: The United Kingdom’s East India Company tea ships’ cargo are burned at Annapolis, Maryland.
1774 – 1st Continental Congress makes Declaration of Colonial Rights in Philadelphia
Explorer of the New World Christopher Columbus

1805 – Battle of Elchingen, France defeats Austria
1806 – Battle of Auerstadt-French beat Prussians
1812 – Work on London’s Regent’s Canal starts.
1834 – First black to obtain a US patent, Henry Blair, for a corn planter
1834 – In Philadelphia, Whigs and Democrats stage a gun, stone and brick battle for control of a Moyamensing Township election, resulting in one death, several injuries, and the burning down of a block of buildings.
1840 – Maronite leader Bashir II surrenders to the British forces and goes into exile in Malta.
1843 – British arrest Irish nationalist Daniel O’Connell for conspiracy
1862 – Baseballer James Creighton ruptures bladder hitting HR, dies 10/18
1862 – Excelsiors defeat Unions of Morrisania 13-9
1863 – Battle at Bristoe Station, Virginia (about 2000 casualties)
1863 – Skirmish at Catlett’s Station, Virginia (Bristoe Campaign)
1865 – Cheyennes & Arapahos sign “peace treaty” then chased out Colorado
1867 – 15th & last Tokugawa Shogun, Tokugawa Yoshinobu resigns in Japan
1881 – 21st British Golf Open: Bob Ferguson shoots a 170 at Prestwick Golf Club
1882 – University of the Punjab is founded in present day Pakistan.

Founder of the Eastman Kodak Company George Eastman

1884 – George Eastman patents paper-strip photographic film
1893 – George Edwarde’s “Gaiety Girl” premieres in London
1893 – Harry Wright suggests umps keep ball-strike count a secret
1899 – Morning Post reporter Winston Churchill departs to South Africa
1901 – Justin Huntly McCarthy’s “If I were King” premieres in NYC
1905 – NY Giants beats Phila A’s, 4 games to 1 in 2nd World Series
1905 – Giant’s Christy Mathewson’s 3rd straight World Series shutout
1906 – All Chicago World Series, 1st AL victory, White Sox win 4 games to 2 Cubs losers share of $439.50 is lowest for World Series
1908 – Baseball Writers Association of America forms
1908 – Cubs beat Tigers 4 games to 1 in 5th World Series, 1st rematch
1908 – Smallest crowd at World Series, 6,210 fans see Cubs beat Tigers
1908 – 4th College Football Crab Bowl Classic: Navy beats Maryland 57-0 in College Park

Soldier, Author and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill

1909 – Pirates beat Tigers, 5-4, forces 1st full 7 game world series
1911 – Largest baseball crowd ever 38,281 (Polo Grounds) see Giants beat A’s, 2-1 (gate is record $77,379)
1912 – Bull Moose Teddy Roosevelt shot while campaigning in Milwaukee
1912 – Cretan representatives are admitted to the Greek assembly; in doing so the Greek Government challenges the Turkish Government
1913 – Senghenydd Colliery Disaster, the United Kingdom’s worst coal mining accident, an explosion claims 439 lives.
1914 – German troops occupy Brug
1916 – Sophomore tackle and guard Paul Robeson is excluded from the Rutgers football team when Washington and Lee University refused to play against a black person.
1916 – The Perm State University was founded in Russia.
1920 – Part of Petsamo province ceded by Soviet Union to Finland
1922 – 1st Thom McAn shoe store opens on Third Avenue NYC
1922 – 1st automated telephones-Pennsylvania exchange in NYC
1924 – Arnold Schoeberg’s opera “Die Gluckliche Hand” premieres in Vienna
1925 – Anti-French uprising in Damascus (French inhabitants flee)
Author A.A. Milne

1926 – AA Milne’s book “Winnie the Pooh” released
1926 – Walter Johnson retires, signs 2-year contract to manage Newark
1929 – Phila A’s beat Chicago Cubs, 4 games to 1 in 26th World Series
1929 – Philadelphia A’s set World Series record of 10 runs in an inning
1930 – Ethel Mermans debuts on Broadway in “Girl Crazy”
1930 – George Gershwin/Walter Donaldsons musical premieres in NYC
1931 – 1st broadcast of Dutch Radio Peoples University
1931 – Spanish Cortes agrees to separation of Church & State
1933 – Nazi Germany announces withdrawal from League of Nations
1934 – “Lux Radio Theatre” premieres
1938 – Nazis plan Jewish ghettos for all major cities
1939 – BMI (Broadcast Music Incorporated) formed
1939 – German U-47 sinks British battleship HMS Royal Oak, 833 killed
MLB Pitcher Walter Johnson

1939 – Sugar rationed in Netherlands
1940 – Balham tube disaster during the Blitz.
1941 – 1st mass deportation of Kowno, Lodz, Minsk & Riga
1942 – Dobbe resistances group overthrows Bonkarten distribution
1942 – German assault on Tractor factory, 1000s killed
1942 – Japanese battleship strikes Henderson Field, Guadalcanal
1943 – 600 Jews escape during an uprising at the Nazi concentration Camp in Sobibor, Poland
1943 – Japan declares Philippine Independence (premier/pres Jose Laurel)
1943 – US 8th Air Force loses 60 B-17s during assault on Schweinfurt
1944 – Allied troops land in Corfu
1944 – British troops march into Athens
1945 – Chicago Cardinals end a record 29-game losing streak, beat Bears
1946 – Netherland & Indonesia sign cease fire
1947 – Chuck Yeager in Bell XS-1 makes 1st supersonic flight (Mach 1.015)

34th US President & WWII General Dwight D. Eisenhower

1947 – Dutch Queen Wilhelmina gives golden award to general Eisenhower
1948 – Batavia lt-governor-general van Mook dismissed
1948 – Large scale fighting between Israel & Egypt
1949 – 14 US Communist Party leaders convicted of sedition
1949 – Chinese Red army occupies Canton
1949 – Ezzard Charles TKOs Pat Valentino in 8 for heavyweight boxing title
1950 – Rev Sun Young Moon liberated from Hung Nam prison
1951 – Det Lion Jack Christiansen returns 2 punts for touchdowns vs LA Rams
1951 – Organization of Central American States forms
1952 – “Buttrio Square” opens at New Century Theater NYC for 7 performances
1953 – 1st 3 Dutch female police officers go into service
1953 – Belgian Convair crashes at Frankfurt, 44 die
1953 – Charley Dressen resigns rather than take 1 year contract as Dodger mgr
1953 – Great Britain performs nuclear test at Emu Field, Australia

Boxer and World Heavyweight Champion Ezzard Charles

1953 – Ike promises to fire as Red any federal worker taking 5th amendment
1953 – WTEN TV channel 10 in Albany, NY (ABC) begins broadcasting
1954 – Israeli act of revenge in Qibiya Jordan, kills 53
1956 – Charles Ives’ overture “Robert Browning” premieres in NYC
1956 – Patty Berg wins LPGA Arkansas Golf Open
1957 – Everly Brothers’ “Wake Up Little Susie” reaches #1
1957 – Queen Elizabeth II becomes the first Canadian monarch to open the Parliament of Canada with the Speech from the Throne.
1958 – Brendan Behan’s “Hostage” premieres in London
1958 – Malagasy Republic becomes autonomous republic in French Community
1958 – Paul Osborn’s “World of Suzie Wong” premieres in NYC
1958 – US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1958 – The District of Columbia Bar Association votes to accept black Americans as members.
Irish Poet and Playwright Brendan Behan

1959 – WMUB (now WPTO) TV channel 14 in Oxford, OH (PBS) begins broadcasting
1960 – Belgian sen Victor Leemans reveals huge gas field in Groningen
1960 – Peace Corps 1st suggested by JFK
1961 – “How to Succeed in Business” opens at 46th St NYC for 1415 perfs
1961 – 14th Ryder Cup: US wins, 14½-9½ at Royal Lytham & St Annes, England
1962 – Houston Oiler George Blanda throws for 6 TD passes vs NY Titans 56-17
1962 – Kathy Whitworth wins LPGA Thunderbird Tourney Golf Tournament
1962 – US U-2 espionage planes locate missile launchers in Cuba
1962 – USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakh/Semipalitinsk USSR
1963 – Algeria & Morocco border conflict
1963 – WGHP TV channel 8 in Greensboro-High Point, NC (ABC) begins
1964 – Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. announced as winner of the Nobel Peace Prize
1964 – Martin Walser’s “Der Schwarze Schwan,” premieres in Stuttgart
1964 – Philips begins experimenting with color TV
American Baseball Player Roger Maris

1964 – Roger Maris & Mickey Mantle hit HRs runs on back-to-back pitches
1964 – Premier Nikita Khrushchev replaced by Leonid Brezhnev as General Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party
1965 – Joe Engle in X-15 reaches 80 km
1965 – Sandy Koufax hurls his 2nd shutout of World Series beating Twins 2-0
1966 – 175 US airplanes bomb North Vietnam
1966 – Dutch government of Cals falls by motion of Schmelzer
1968 – 1st live telecast from a manned US spacecraft (Apollo 7)
1968 – Beatles “White Album” completed
1968 – Gruener & Watson (US) set scuba depth record (133 m) in Bahamas
1968 – In NL expansion draft, Expos & Padres choose 30 players each
1968 – J R Hines of US runs 100m in world record 9.95 sec
1968 – A 6.8 earthquake wrecked the Australian town of Meckering, and also ruptured all major roads and railways nearby.
Soviet General Secretary Leonid Brezhnev

1968 – The rebuilt Euston railway station in London is opened.
1969 – Palme government forms in Sweden
1969 – Race riots in Springfield Mass
1969 – T Agee & Ed Kranepool HR, Tommie Agee makes 2 great catches, Mets win Baseball World Series 5-0
1969 – USSR performs nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya USSR
1969 – The United Kingdom introduces the 50p (fifty-pence) coin, replacing the ten-shilling note, in anticipation of currency decimalisation in 1971.
1970 – 4th Country Music Association Award: Merle Haggard wins
1970 – Cleveland Cavaliers lose to Buffalo Braves in their 1st game 107-92
1970 – US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1970 – USSR performs nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya USSR
1971 – 2 killed in Memphis racial disturbances
1971 – John & Yoko appear on “Dick Cavett Show”
Country Music Singer and Songwriter Merle Haggard

1972 – Oakland A Gene Tenace is 1st to homer in 1st 2 World Series at bats
1972 – North Irish Loyalist paramilitaries raid Headquarters of the 10 Ulster Defence Regiment in Belfast and stole rifles and ammunition
1973 – Egyptian tanks move further into Israel
1973 – Judy Rankin wins LPGA GNA Golf Classic
1973 – Willie Mays last hit, as Mets beat A’s in World Series game 2 A’s Mike Andrews makes 2 errors, prompting owner Finley to remove him
1974 – 8th Country Music Association Award: Charlie Rich
1975 – Pres Ford escapes injury when his limousine is struck broadside
1976 – Chris Chambliss’ 9th inning lead off homer gives NY Yanks pennant #30
1976 – Nobel prize for economy awarded to Milton Friedman
1976 – Soyuz 23 carries 2 to Salyut 6, but returns without docking
1976 – MLB American League Championship: New York Yankees beat Kansas City Royals, 3 games to 2
Economist Milton Friedman

1977 – Linda Ronstadt sings national anthem at World Series
1977 – Princess Beatrice opens Amsterdam metro
1977 – Rock band KISS release their 2nd live album “Alive II”
1978 – 1st TV movie from a TV series-“Rescue from Gilligan’s Island”
1978 – China performs nuclear test at Lop Nor, PRC
1978 – NY Yank Reggie Jackson causes World Series controversy by getting in the way of a throw to 1st & deflects the ball away
1978 – Despite Denis Potvin hat trick in 3:21 Islanders lose 7-10 making Islander record when scoring a hat trick-22-2-1
1979 – 100,000 demonstrate in Bonn against nuclear energy
1979 – Amy Alcott wins LPGA United Virginia Bank Golf Classic
1979 – Flyers start 35 game unbeaten streak beating Toronto 4-3
1979 – NHL’s greatest scorer Wayne Gretzky scores his 1st NHL goal
Ice Hockey Great Wayne Gretzky

1979 – 1st Gay and Lesbian Civil Rights March on Washington, D.C. by over 100,000 people
1979 – NBC premiere of U.S. TV adaptation of Helen Keller’s life story “The Miracle Worker”
1980 – Phils rally from 4-0 deficit to beat the Royals, 7-6 to take WS opener
1980 – Presidential nominee Ronald Reagan promises to name a woman to Supreme Court
1981 – Yank Graig Nettles is 1st to get 2 hits in same inning of an ALSC game
1981 – Citing official misconduct in the investigation and trial, Amnesty International charges the U.S. government with holding Richard Marshall of the American Indian Movement as a political prisoner.
1982 – 6,000 Unification church couples wed in Korea
1982 – Islanders assessed 108 penality minutes Penguins 125 (233 total)
1982 – NY Islanders greatest shutout margin (9-0) vs Pittsburgh Penguins
US President & Actor Ronald Reagan

1982 – President Reagan proclaims war against drugs
1983 – Grenada leftist coup under vice-premier Coard
1983 – US Marine peacekeeper Sgt Allen Soifert killed by sniper in Beirut
1984 – “Quilters” closes at Jack Lawrence Theater NYC after 24 performances
1984 – Browns’ Ozzie Newsome sets club records with 14 receptions for 191 yds
1984 – Detroit Tigers beat SD Padres, 4 games to 1 in 81st World Series
1984 – Kathy Whitworth wins LPGA Smirnoff Ladies Irish Golf Open
1985 – 19th Country Music Association Award: Ricky Skaggs wins
1985 – On Mon Night football, Jets retire Joe Namath’s #12, beat Miami 23-7
1986 – Concentration camp survivor Elie Wiesel wins Nobel Peace Prize
1986 – IOC decides to stagger Winter & Summer Olympic schedule
1986 – Nobel Peace Prize awarded to Elie Wiesel (against violence/racism)
1986 – Tim Kides of West NY, NJ performs 25,000 leg raises in 11:57:15
1987 – In Midland, Tx 1½-year-old Jessica McClure falls 22′ (7m) down a well
Author Elie Wiesel

1987 – MLB National League Championship: St. Louis Cardinals beat San Francisco Giants, 4 games to 3
1988 – NJ Devils raise their 1st pennant (Patrick Div Playoff Champs)
1988 – Naguib Mahfouz is 1st Arabic writer to win Nobel literature prize
1988 – Crude oil prices jump in anticipation of possible production accord at Gulf Cooperation Council meeting set for October 16
1989 – Dave Stewart is 1st since 1976 to start consecutive World Series openers
1989 – Texas A&I, Johnny Bailey sets NCAA season rush record at 6,085 yards
1990 – Cathy Gerring wins LPGA Trophee Urban World Golf Championship
1990 – SF 49er Joe Montana passes for 6 touchdowns vs Atlanta (45-35)
1991 – Burmese opposition leader Aung San Suu Kyi wins Nobel Peace Prize
1991 – NY Rangers right wing Mike Gartner scores his 500th NHL goal
1992 – Toronto Blue Jays beats Oakland A’s to win their 1st AL pennant
1992 – MLB National League Championship: Atlanta Braves beat Pittsburgh Pirates, 4 games to 3
1992 – MLB American League Championship: Toronto Blue Jays beat Oakland Athletics, 4 games to 2
1994 – Nobel Prize awarded to Yasser Arafat, Yitzhak Rabin & Shimon Peres
1994 – Space probe Magellan burns up in atmosphere of Venus
1995 – Atlanta Braves become 1st team to sweep in NL playoff (beat Reds)
1995 – MLB National League Championship: Atlanta Braves beat Cincinnati Reds, 4 games to 0
1996 – Braves blow out St Louis, 14-0 in an NLCS game
1996 – Dow Jones closes over 6,000 for 1st time (6,010)
1996 – Packer Chris Jacke kicks longest field goal to end overtime (53 yds)
1997 – MLB National League Championship: Florida Marlins beat Atlanta Braves, 4 games to 2
1998 – NY Islanders beat Tampa Bay, 7-1, to end 11 game winless streak
1998 – Eric Robert Rudolph is charged with 6 bombings including the 1996 Centennial Olympic Park bombing in Atlanta, Georgia.
1998 – MLB National League Championship: San Diego Padres beat Atlanta Braves, 4 games to 2
Formula 1 Racing Driver Michael Schumacher

2001 – 52nd Formula One WDC: Michael Schumacher wins by 58 points
2002 – MLB National League Championship: San Francisco Giants beat St. Louis Cardinals, 4 games to 1
2003 – Fan Steve Bartman deflects the ball away from Chicago Cubs outfielderMoises Alou. Cubs give up eight runs in the inning and lose to the Marlins 8-3, and the Bartman incident is seen as the turning point in the series
2006 – MLB American League Championship: Detroit Tigers beat Oakland Athletics, 4 games to 0
2010 – 19th Commonwealth Games close in Delhi, India
2012 – 20 people are gunned down in a mosque in Dogo Dawa, Nigeria
2013 – Eugene Fama, Lars Peter Hansen, and Robert Shiller win the 2013  Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences for their work on asset prices
2014 – Richard Flanagan’s novel The Narrow Road to the Deep North wins the 2014 Man Booker Prize
MLB Outfielder Moises Alou

2014 – World Health Organisation announce Ebola virus death toll at 4,447, and the fatality rate has reached 70%

BIRTHDAYS

1257 – King Przemysl II of Poland (d. 1296)
1404 – Marie of Anjou, queen of France (d. 1463)
1493 – Shimazu Tadayoshi, Japanese warlord (d. 1568)
1499 – Claude of France, wife of Louis XII of France (d. 1524)
1542 – Abul-Fath Djalal-ud-Din, 3rd Mogol emperor of India (1556-1605)
1606 – Johan Maetsuyker, Dutch governor-general of Ceylon (1653-78)
1630 – Sophia of Hanover, Princess Palatine and Electress of Saxony (d. 1714)
1633 – James Stuart, King James VII of Scotland / James II of England (d. 1688)
1639 – Simon van der Stel, Dutch governor of Cape colony (1679-99)
1643 – Bahadur Shah I, Mughal Emperor of India (d. 1712)
1644 – William Penn, English Philosopher, Quaker and founder of Pennsylvania (d. 1718)
1687 – Robert Simson, Scotland, mathematician
1712 – George Grenville, British PM (1763-65)
1726 – Charles Middleton, 1st Baron Barham, English sailor and politician (d. 1813)
1730 – Jean Joseph Rodolphe, composer
1733 – François Sebastien Charles Joseph de Croix, Count of Clerfayt, Austrian field marshal (d. 1798)

English Philosopher and Founder of Pennsylvania William Penn (1644)

1734 – Francis Lightfoot Lee, US farmer/signer (Decl of Independence)
1738 – Giovanni Calisto Andrea Zanotti, composer
1740 – Joannes Siberg, Dutch governor-general of Neth Indies (1801-05)
1753 – Franz Anton Dimmler, composer
1764 – Charles-Henri Plantade, composer
1774 – Hubert MAJ van Asch van Wijck, Dutch politician
1784 – Ferdinand VII MF, king of Spain
1789 – Constant van Crombrugghe, Flemish monastery founder
1790 – Thursday October Christian (d. 1831)
1796 – Adolf Ganz, composer
1801 – Joseph AF Plateau, Belgium, physicist (blinded-stared at Sun 25 secs)
1806 – Preston King, U.S. Senator from New York (d. 1865)
1827 – James Sidney Robinson, Bvt Mjr Gen (Union volunteers), (d. 1892)
1827 – Sir William George Granville Venables Vernon Harcourt, British Home Secretary and Chancellor of the Excheque
1837 – Ellison Capers, Brigadier General (Confederate Army), (d. 1908)
1842 – Joe Start, American baseball player (d. 1927)
1853 – Ciprian Porumbescu, composer
1855 – George Edwardes, British composer (Gaiety Girl)
1857 – Elwood Haynes, auto pioneer, built one of 1st US autos
1859 – Camille Chevillard, composer
1861 – Bjarni Thorsteinsson, composer
1861 – Artur Gavazzi, Croatian geographer (d. 1944)
1864 – Maurice de Plessys, French poet (Palace Occidental)
1867 – Masaoka Shiki, Japan, haiku & tanka poet/diarist (Salt Water Ballads)
1869 – Joseph Duveen, England, art connoisseur (Elgin marbles)
1871 – Alexander von Zemlinsky, composer (Schneeman), born in Vienna, Austria
1873 – Jose Serrano Simeon, composer
1873 – Ray Ewry, Lafayette Ind, jumper (Olympics-10 gold-1900, 04, 06, 08)
1873 – Jules Rimet, president of FIFA (d. 1954)
1874 – Margarete Susman, writer
1880 – Otto V Ekelund, Swedish poet/writer (Sak och sken)
1882 – Charlie Parker, cricketer (legend Gloucs SLA, but 2-32 in only Test)
1882 – Éamon de Valera, NY, Irish politician and patriot, President of Ireland (1937-48, 51-54, 57-59), (d. 1975)
1883 – Adrianus PHA de Kleyn, throat/nose/otologist (ear doctor)
1884 – Jimmy Conlin, Camden NJ, actor (Sin of Harold Diddlebock)
1888 – Ernest Pingoud, composer
Short story writer Katherine Mansfield (1888)

1888 – Katherine Mansfield (Katherine Mansfield Beauchamp Murry), Wellington New Zealand, short story writer (Aloe, Garden Party)
1889 – Jean Canneel, Flemish sculptor
1890 – Dwight D. Eisenhower, 34th US President (R, 1953-61) and WWII general, born in Denison, Texas
1890 – Frank Conroy, Derby England, actor (Call of the Wild)
1891 – Paul de Keyser, Flemish story teller/philologist/folklorist
1892 – Sumner Welles, US undersecretary/diplomat (Good neighbor policy)
1893 – Lillian Gish, American silent film/stage actress (Birth of a Nation), (d. 1993)
1894 – Sutan Ibrahim gelor Datuk Tan Malaka, founder (Indonesian Communist)
1894 – E.E.Cummings (Edward Estlin), Cambridge Massachusetts, poet (Tulips & Chimneys)
1898 – Cruys Voorbergh, Dutch actor/director (Flying Dutchman)

34th US President & WWII General Dwight D. Eisenhower (1890)

1899 – Alan Washbond, US, 2-man bobsled (Olympic-gold-1932)
1900 – Edwin McLeod, cricketer (played in NZ’s 2nd-ever Test 1930)
1901 – Willem A Wagenaar, journalist/writer (Shanghai)
1902 – Stanley Coen, cricketer (South African batsman in two Tests 1927-28)
1902 – Learco Guerra, Italian cyclist (d. 1963)
1904 – Karel Srom, composer
1906 – Benita Hume, actress (Vicky-Halls of Ivy), born in London, England
1906 – Hannah Arendt, Hanover Germany, political theorist and historian (Origins of Totalitarianism)
1906 – Imam Hassan al Banna, Egyptian founder of the Muslim Brotherhood (d. 1949)
1907 – “Red” McKenzie, jazz singer (played comb-with-tissue-paper) [or 1899]
1907 – Allan Jones, Scranton PA, actor/singer (A Day at the Races, Showboat)
1907 – Barend Barendse, Dutch sports reporter
1907 – Pert Kelton, Great Falls Mont, actress (Cavalcade of Stars)
Political Theorist Hannah Arendt (1906)

1908 – Ruth Hale, American playwright and actress (d. 2003)
1909 – Bernd Rosemeyer, German auto racer (Indy 500)
1909 – Kalervo Tuukkanen, composer
1909 – Dorothy Kingsley, American screenwriter (d. 1996)
1910 – Jef Keuleers, Belgian worker’s union leader
1910 – John Wooden, basketball coach (UCLA-10 national championships)
1911 – Lê Ðức Thọ, Vietnamese revolutionary general, politician and negotiator in Paris (1975)
1912 – Helmut Schelsky, German sociologist (Sociology of Sex)
1912 – Jack Crapp, cricketer (England batsman 1948-49)
1912 – Jack Young, cricketer (Middlesex & England slow left-armer post-WW2)
1913 – Ginty Lush, cricketer (NSW quick of the 30’s who didn’t play for Aust)
1913 – Victor Trumper Jr, cricketer (son of Mr & Mrs Trumper NSW 1940-41)
1914 – Brendan Gill, critic
1914 – Dick Durrance, American skier (d. 2004)
1916 – C Everett Koop, surgeon general (1981-89)
1918 – Doug Ring, cricketer (Australian leggie of the late 40’s early 50’s)
1918 – Marcel Chaput, French Canadian politician (d. 1991)
1919 – Edward L Feightner, US rear-admiral (WW II-Santa Cruz Islands)
1924 – Robert Webber, Santa Ana California, actor (79 Park Avenue)
1925 – Louis Cohen, physicist
1925 – Phillip Tobias, Durban, Natal, South Africa, palaeoanthropologist and 3 x Nobel Prize nominee(hominid fossil sites), (d. 2012)
1925 – Lawrence Herkimer, “Grandfather of Cheerleading” (founded National Cheerleading Association, patented the pom-pom), born in Muskegon, Michigan (d. 2015)
1926 – Bill Justis, rocker
1926 – Willy Alberti, [Carel Verbrugge], singer/actor (Riffin in Amsterdam)
1927 – Roger Moore, actor (Alaskans, Maverick, Saint), born in London, England
1928 – Gary Graffman, pianist (Leventritt Award), born in NYC, New York
1928 – Frank E. Resnik, American business executive (d. 1995)
1929 – Alfredo Santos Buenaventura, composer
1929 – Yvon Durelle, Canadian boxer (d. 2007)
President of Zaire Mobutu Sese Seko (1930)

1930 – Joseph-Desire Kuku NWZA Mobutu Sese Seko, President Zaire (1965-97)
1930 – Robert Parker, US saxophonist/soul singer (Barefootin’)
1931 – Rafael Puyana, Bogota Colombia, baroque harpsichordist (NY debut 1957)
1931 – Nikhil Banerjee, Indian classical musician (d. 1986)
1932 – Anatoly Larkin, Russian-American physicist (d. 2005)
1932 – Enrico di Giuseppe, American tenor (d. 2005)
1935 – La Monte Young, Bern Idaho, composer (Composition in 1990)
1938 – John Dean III, former White House counsel (Watergate figure)
1938 – Empress Farah Diba of Iran
1939 – Hugh Delane Thompson, Shreveport LA, PGA golfer (1991 MONY Syracuse)
1939 – Ralph Lauren, fashion designer (Chaps, Polo Ralph Lauren), born in The Bronx, New York
1940 – Christopher Timothy, British actor (All Creatures Great & Small)
1940 – Sir Cliff Richard, [Harry Webb], Lucknow India, English rock vocalist (Suddenly)
Singer Cliff Richard (1940)

1940 – Jesse Carlyle Snead, Hot Springs VA, PGA golfer (1972 Phila Classic)
1940 – Pat Finley, Asheville NC, actress (Ellen Hartley-Bob Newhart Show)
1941 – Jim Courter, (Rep-R-NJ, 1979- )
1941 – Art Shamsky, American baseball player
1942 – Billy Harrison, Belfast Ireland, rock guitarist (Them)
1943 – Anthony Iannaccone, composer
1943 – Lance Rentzel, NFL receiver (Minn, LA)/ex-husband of Joey Heatherton
1943 – Noreen Corcoran, Quincy Mass, actress (Kelly-Bachelor Father)
1944 – Udo Kier, Germany, actress (Warhol Dracula, Warhol Frankenstein)
1945 – Colin Hodgkinson, English musician (Whitesnake)
1946 – Justin Hayward, England, vocalist (Moody Blues-Nights in White Satin)
1946 – James Robert “Radio” Kennedy, American football coach
1946 – Craig Venter, American biologist
1946 – Al Oliver, American baseball player
1946 – Dan McCafferty, Scottish musician (Nazareth)
1947 – Charlie Joiner, Many La, NFL receiver (Houston, Cincinnati, San Diego)
1947 – Lukas Resetarits, Austrian cabaret artist
1948 – Harry Anderson, American actor
1948 – David Ruprecht, American game show host
1948 – Engin Arık, Turkish nuclear physicist (d. 2007)
1949 – Katy Manning, English/Australian actress
1949 – Katha Pollitt, American writer
1950 – Sheila Young Ochowicz, Birmingham Mich, speed skater (Oly-gold/sil-76)
1951 – Marcia Barrett, St Catherine’s Jamaica, rock vocalist (Boney M)
1952 – Daisy Eshuijs, singer/pianist/composer (Eye to Eye)
1952 – Harry Anderson, Newport RI, actor (Judge Harry Stone-Night Court)
1952 – Margriet Eshuijs, Dutch singer/pianist
1952 – Nikolai Adrianov, USSR, gymnast (Olympic-4 gold/2 silver/bronze-1976)
1953 – Greg Evigan, South Amboy NJ, actor (BJ-BJ & the Bear, Melrose Place)
1953 – Marcel R Zeeuw, Suriname lt-colonel (coup 1982)
1953 – Olga Nikolayevna Klyushnikova, Russia, cosmonaut
1953 – Roland Butcher, Barbados born English cricketer (1st cricketer of Caribbean descent to play for England 1981)
1953 – Shelley Ackerman, American astrologer, writer, singer
1954 – Carole Malone, English newspaper columnist
LPGA Golfer Beth Daniel(1956)

1956 – Beth Daniel, Charleston South Carolina, LPGA golfer (1990 Kemper Open)
1957 – Gregory T Linteris, Demarest NJ, PhD/astronaut (STS 83, 94)
1957 – Karen Permezel, LPGA golfer
1957 – Michel Després, Quebec politician
1958 – Thomas Dolby, Cairo Egypt, rock vocalist (She Blinded Me With Science)
1959 – A J Pero, drummer (Twisted Sister-Not Gonna Take It), born in Staten Island, New York
1960 – John Aalberg, Orland Norway, US cross country skier (Olympics-1994)
1960 – Steve Cram, English runner (world record mile/2 km)
1961 – Melanie Wilson, actress (Jennifer-Perfect Strangers)
1961 – Isaac Mizrahi American fashion designer
1962 – Shahar Perkiss, Israel, tennis star
1962 – Jaan Ehlvest, Estonian chess player
1963 – Keith Byars, NFL running back (Miami Dolphins, New England Patriots)
1963 – Yim Jae-beom, South Korean singer
1964 – Joe Girardi, Peoria IL, catcher (NY Yankees)
1964 – Pieter Axe, soccer player (FC Utrecht/SC Heerenveen)
1964 – Olu Oguibe, American artist
1965 – Karyn White, singer
1965 – Jüri Jaanson, Estonian rower
1965 – Constantine Koukias, Australian composer
1967 – Arleen Sorkin, actress (Days of Our Lives, America’s Funniest Videos)
1967 – Dave Hajek, Roseville CA, infielder (Houston Astros)
1967 – Sylvain Lefebvre, Richmond, NHL defenseman (Colorado Avalanche)
1967 – Pat Kelly, American baseball player
1967 – Stephen A. Smith, American sports journalist
1968 – Dwayne Schintzius, NBA center (Indiana Pacers)
1968 – Gene Williams, NFL guard/tackle (Atlanta Falcons)
1968 – Rashid Latif, cricketer (Pakistani wicket-keeper)
1968 – Wanda Guyton, WNBA forward (Houston Comets)
1968 – Matthew Le Tissier, English footballer
1968 – Johnny Goudie, American musician
1969 – Mark Verhoeven, Dutch soccer player (MVV/NEC)
1969 – P J Brown, NBA center/forward (NJ Nets, Miami Heat)
1969 – David Strickland, American actor (d. 1999)
1970 – Daniela Pestova, [Chameleon], Prague Czech, model (1995 SI/L’Oreal)
1970 – Jim Jackson, NBA guard (Dallas Mavericks, Phila 76ers)
1970 – Nina Kemppel, Anchorage Alaska, cross country skier (Olympics-1994)
1970 – Jon Seda, Puerto Rican actor
1970 – Pär Zetterberg, Swedish football player
1971 – Derrick Rodgers, linebacker (Miami Dolphins)
1971 – Frank Wycheck, NFL tight end (Houston/Tennessee Oilers)
1971 – Jorge Costa, Portuguese footballer
1972 – Erika de Lone, tennis star (1996 Futures-Wilmington DE), born in Boston, Massachusetts
1972 – J J Smith, NFL running back (KC Chiefs)
1972 – Mike Archie, running back (Tennessee Oilers)
1972 – Nelson Van waes, CFL defensive linebacker (Saskatchewan Roughriders)
1972 – Shawn Banks, WLAF LB (Frankfurt Galaxy)
1973 – DeJuan Wheat, NBA guard (Minn Timberwolves)
1973 – Lasha Zhvania, Georgian politician
1974 – Kim Williams, WNBA guard (Utah Starzz)
1974 – Natalie Maines, Lubbock, Texas, musician (Dixie Chicks)
1974 – Joseph Utsler, American musician
1975 – Floyd Landis, American cyclist
1975 – Shaznay Lewis, English singer (All Saints)
1976 – Nataša Kejžar, Slovenian swimmer
1976 – Henry Mateo, Dominican baseball player
1976 – Ben Pridmore, World Memory Champion
1977 – Kelly Schumacher, Canadian basketball player
1977 – Jonathan Kerrigan, English actor
1977 – Tina Dico, Danish singer-songwriter
1978 – Justin Brannan, American musician, writer
1978 – Ryan Church, American baseball player
1978 – Paul Hunter, English snooker player (d. 2006)
1978 – Steven Thompson, Scottish footballer
1978 – Usher, American singer and actor
1978 – Javon Walker, American football player
1979 – Coty Strickler, Miss Montana Teen USA (1997)
1979 – Stacy Keibler, American actress / ex-professional wrestler
Singer Usher (1978)

1980 – Paul Ambrosi, Ecuadorian footballer
1980 – Niels Lodberg, Danish footballer
1980 – Terrence McGee, American football player
1981 – Boof Bonser, American baseball player
1983 – Lin Dan, Chinese badminton player
1984 – LaRon Landry, American football player
1985 – Digão, Brazilian footballer
1985 – Daniel Clark, Canadian actor
1985 – Sherlyn González, Mexican actress
1985 – Alexandre Sarnes Negrão, Brazilian racing driver
1986 – Tom Craddock, English footballer
1986 – Skyler Shaye, American actress
1988 – MacKenzie Mauzy, American actress
1988 – Max Thieriot, American actor
1992 – Savannah Outen, American singer/songwriter
1996 – Lourdes Marie Ciccone Leon, daughter of singer Madonna

WEDDINGS

1806 – German writer, artist and politician Johann Wolfgang von Goethemarries mistress Christiane Vulpius in Weimar
1913 – Athlete Jim Thorpe (25) weds Margaret Iva Miller at St. Patrick’s Catholic Church in Carlisle, Pennsylvania
1914 – Baseball legend Babe Ruth (19) weds Helen Woodford
1923 – “All Quiet on the Western Front” author Erich Maria Remarque (25) weds Ilse Jutta Zambona
1961 – Howard Allen Frances (Anne) O’Brien (20) best-selling author (The Vampire Chronicles) marries poet and painter Stan Rice (21)
1961 – Author Anne Rice (20) weds poet/artist Stan Rice (18) in Denton, Texas
Author Upton Sinclair(1961)

1961 – Author Upton Sinclair (83) weds Mary Elizabeth Willis
1964 – Rolling Stones drummer Charlie Watts weds Shirley Shepherd
1989 – Novelist Sidney Sheldon (72) weds Alexandra Sheldon in Las Vegas, Nevada
1995 – “Sleep with Me” actress Meg Tilly (35) weds United Artists studio president John Calley (65) in Los Angeles
2000 – Asylum recording artist Bryan White (26) weds actress Erika Page at Royal Lane Baptist Church in Dallas, Texas
2001 – Inspirational speaker Anthony Robbins (41) weds Sage Bonnie Humphrey
2001 – Actor Breckin Meyer (27) weds “Can’t Hardly Wait” director Deborah Kaplan in Malibu
2006 – Merengue singer Melina Leon (33) weds Ruy Fernando Delgado at La Iglesia Metodista Universitaria in San Juan, Puerto Rico
2006 – “Celtic Tiger” choreographer Michael Flatley (48) weds fellow dancer Niamh O’Brien at St. Patrick’s Church in Fermoy, Ireland

DIVORCES

1988 – Mike Tyson countersues Robin Givens for divorce & annulment
1990 – Jeff Goldblum & wife Geena Davis file for divorce after nearly 2 years of marriage

DEATHS

530 – Discorus, anti-Pope (530), dies
1066 – Harold II, King of England (1066), dies at the Battle of Hastings
1092 – Aboe Ali Hasan ibn Nizam al-Moelk, writer (Sijasetname), assassinated
1256 – Kujo Yoritsugu, Japanese shogun (b. 1239)
1318 – Edward Bruce, High King of Ireland
1536 – Garcilaso de la Vega, Spanish poet/diplomat, dies in battle
1552 – Oswald Myconius, Swiss Protestant reformer (b. 1488)
1565 – Thomas Chaloner, English statesman and poet (b. 1521)
1568 – Jacques Arcadelt, Flemish composer
1570 – Floris van Montmorency, baron of Montigny, dies at 43
1610 – Amago Yoshihisa, Japanese samurai and warlord (b. 1540)
1619 – Samuel Daniel, English poet (b. 1562)
1637 – Gabriello Chiabrera, Italian poet (b. 1552)
1660 – Francesco Albana, Italian painter (Hemelopneming of Maria), dies at 72
1660 – Thomas Harrison, English Puritan soldier (b. 1606)
1669 – Antonio Cesti, composer, dies at 46
1703 – Thomas Hansen Kingo, Danish poet (b. 1634)
1711 – Tewoflos, Emperor of Ethiopia (b. 1708)
1719 – Arnold Houbraken, painter/writer), dies at 59
1746 – Francois Fagel, lawyer/statesman, dies at 86
1758 – Francis Edward James Keith, Scottish soldier and Prussian field marshal (b. 1696)
1771 – Franz Xaver Brixi, composer, dies at 39
1775 – Johann Jacob Rowalt, composer, dies at 57
1790 – William Hooper, US attorney/signer (Decl of Ind), dies at 48
1831 – Jean-Louis Pons, French astronomer (b. 1761)
1847 – William Michael Rooke, composer, dies at 53
1857 – Ignacy Marceli Komorowski, composer, dies at 33
1872 – Albrecht FH, prince of Prussia, dies at 63
1877 – Antoine-Amable-Elie Elwart, composer, dies at 68
1879 – F Kornberger, writer, dies at 58
1880 – Victorio, Apache chief/murderer, killed by Mexican army
1893 – Conradus Leemans, Dutch archaeologist, dies at 84
1900 – Albert de Vriendt, Flemish historical painter/etcher, dies
1900 – Sandor Erkel, composer, dies at 54
1909 – Johann Gottfred Matthison-Hansen, composer, dies at 76
1911 – John Marshall Harlan, U.S. Supreme Court Justice (b. 1833)
1919 – Wilhelm von Siemens, German industrial/son of Werner, dies
1923 – George Elbridge Whiting, composer, dies at 83
1923 – Marcellus Emants, writer/poet (Refrained from Confession), dies
1930 – Sam[uel] van Houten, lib minister (Child labor laws), dies
1943 – Jackie Matthews, cricketer (8 Tests 1911-12, 16 wickets), dies
German WWII Field Marshal Erwin Rommel (1944)

1944 – Erwin Rommel, German Field Marshal (WW II-Africa), suicide at 52
1957 – Carl Natanael Berg, composer, dies at 78
1958 – Jean Poveigh, composer, dies at 82
1958 – Douglas Mawson, Australian Antarctic explorer (b. 1882)
1959 – Errol Flynn, Australian-born US actor (Captain Blood), dies of a heart attack at 50
1960 – Abram F Joffe, Russian physicist (crystal), dies
1961 – Paul Ramadier, French politician (b. 1888)
1961 – Harriet Shaw Weaver, English political activist (b. 1876)
1966 – Arcady Dubensky, composer, dies at 75
1967 – Marcel Aymé, French novelist and playwright (b. 1902)
1972 – Joseph Kaminski, composer, dies at 68
1973 – Edmund A. Chester, American broadcaster and journalist (b. 1897)
1976 – Edith Evans, actress (Tom Jones, Scrooge, Chalk Garden), dies at 88
Singer and Actor Bing Crosby (1977)

1977 – Bing Crosby, US singer/actor (Going My Way), dies of a heart attack at 74
1980 – S N Banerjee, cricketer (one Test for India), dies
1981 – Ingemar Liljefors, composer, dies at 74
1983 – Paul Fix, actor (Rifleman), dies at 82 of kidney failure
1983 – Willard Price, Canadian author and naturalist
1984 – Martin Ryle, English radio astronomer, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics (b. 1918)
1985 – Emil Gilels, Ukrainian pianist (b. 1916)
1986 – [Francis XA] Keenan Wynn, US actor (Dr Strangelove), dies at 70
1987 – Rodolfo Halffter, composer, dies at 86
1988 – Mary Morris, actress (Agitator, Double Door), dies
1989 – Michael Carmine, actor (Batteries Not Included), dies at 30
1990 – Leonard Bernstein, composer, dies of heart attack at 72
1993 – Bertie Clarke, cricketer (6 wkts for WI in 1939), dies
1993 – Guy Malary, Haitian lawyer/minister of Justice, murdered at 50
1993 – Mustafa Abada, Algerian TV director, murdered
1993 – Walter Brown Newman, US screenwriter (Cat Ballou), dies at 77
1994 – Gioconda de Vito, violinist, dies at 87
1995 – Edith Pargeter, author (Brother Cadfael), dies of a stroke at 82
1995 – Helen Vlachos, journalist, dies at 83
1996 – Laura La Plante, screen actress (Show Boat, Scandal), dies at 91
1996 – William John Raff Hooper, cartoonist, dies at 80
1997 – Harold Robbins, salacious novelist, dies at 81
1998 – Cleveland Amory, American writer and animal rights activist (b. 1917)
1998 – Frankie Yankovic, American musician (b. 1916)
1999 – Julius Nyerere, Tanzanian politician (b. 1922)
2002 – Norbert Schultze, American composer and songwriter (b. 1911)
2003 – Patrick Dalzel-Job, English soldier and inspiration for James Bond (b. 1913)
2004 – Vlassis Bonatsos, Greek singer, actor and entertainer (b. 1949)
2005 – Jody Dobrowski, English murder victim (b. 1981)
2006 – Jared Anderson, American bassist (b. 1975)
2006 – Freddy Fender, American musician (b. 1937)
2006 – Maurice Grosse, British paranormal investigator (b. 1919)
2006 – Nancy Lynn, American aviator (b. 1956)
2006 – Gerry Studds, American politician (b. 1937)
2007 – Big Moe, American rapper (b. 1974)
2008 – Martin Peake, 2nd Viscount Ingleby, British peer and business man
2008 – Richard Cooey, American murderer and rapist (executed) (b. 1967)
2009 – Captain Lou Albano. American Professional Wrestler and Manager. (b. 1933)
2010 – Simon MacCorkindale, English actor (Falcon Crest, Manimal), dies of bowel cancer at 58
2010 – Benoît Mandelbrot, Polish-born American mathematician (b. 1924)
2011 – Reg Alcock, Canadian politician (b. 1948)
2012 – Kyle Bennett, American BMX racer, dies in a traffic collision at 33
2014 – Elizabeth Peña, American actress, dies from cirrhosis at 55

ALSO ON THIS DAY

• Lead Story

• 1947 Yeager breaks sound barrier

• American Revolution

• 1780 Patriots sting Loyalists at Shallow Ford, North Carolina

• Automotive

• 1857 Elwood Haynes, “Grandsire of Gasoline Cars,” is born

• Civil War

• 1863 Battle of Bristoe Station

• Cold War

• 1962 The Cuban Missile Crisis begins

• Crime

• 1975 Trial begins in Amityville murders

• Disaster

• 1913 Coal miners die in Wales

• General Interest

• 1066 The Battle of Hastings
• 1912 Theodore Roosevelt shot in Milwaukee
• 1964 King wins Nobel Peace Prize
• 2012 Skydiver breaks sound barrier with 24-mile jump

• Hollywood

• 1994 Pulp Fiction debuts

• Literary

• 1822 Victor Hugo marries Adele Foucher

• Music

• 1957 “Wake Up Little Susie” becomes the Everly Brothers’ first #1 hit

• Old West

• 1939 Ralph Lauren, designer of popular western-style clothing, is born in New York

• Presidential

• 1890 Dwight D. Eisenhower is born

• Sports

• 2003 Steve Bartman catches ball

• Vietnam War

• 1964 Khrushchev ousted as premier of Soviet Union
• 1968 U.S. servicemen sent to Vietnam for second tours

• World War I

• 1918 Adolf Hitler wounded in British gas attack

• World War II

• 1944 “The Desert Fox” commits suicide

1953 – World’s first traveling art museum opens in Virginia

The world’s first art museum on wheels—an “inspiration for the nation,” says a representative from the Smithsonian–opens today in Fredericksburg, Virginia. It was called the Artmobile. At the dedication ceremony, the state’s governor declared that the project “initiates something new in the cultural and spiritual life of the Commonwealth which has never been done before anywhere.”

It took the staff of the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts almost five years to get the Artmobile up and running. The Virginia Federation of Women’s Clubs paid its operating expenses, about $11,000 per year, while Richmond department store Miller & Rhodes paid for the Artmobile itself: a $20,000, 34-foot-long air-conditioned trailer with museum-quality lighting and walls that hinged out to create a lean-to-esque exhibition space around the vehicle. The trailer was pulled around the state behind an enormous blue truck; at the wheel was William Gaines, the retired registrar of the Virginia Museum.

Visitors entered the Artmobile in small groups and were free to look at the art on display for as long as they liked. (Admission was free for schoolchildren and members of local women’s clubs; everyone else paid 25 cents to get in.) Meanwhile, a 15-minute mini-lecture explaining the significance of the works in the exhibition looped in the background. The lecture was very informal and was usually narrated by a local radio personality, so most visitors felt right at home.

For its first tour through the state, the Artmobile carried sixteen paintings by 15th- and 16th-century Dutch and Flemish “Little Masters”: Bosch, Brueghel, Cuyp, Jordaens, van Rhysdael and Terborsch. The museum had borrowed the paintings, worth about $500,000, from the collection of Walter P. Chrysler Jr. (Chrysler, an art collector and theater producer whose father founded the Chrysler Corporation, had an estate near Warrenton, Virginia.) In all, the Little Masters traveled 20,000 miles in their first 53 weeks on the road and had 60,000 visitors, mostly students who had never been to the brick-and-mortar museum in Richmond.

The Artmobile was so successful that other states began to plan similar projects. By 1965, there were four Artmobiles in Virginia and a handful of others in places like New York, Chicago and Los Angeles. Today, there are dozens of Artmobile-inspired museums on wheels in cities and towns across the United States and around the world.

October 13th

EVENTS

54 – Nero suceeds Claudius to become Roman Emperor
409 – Vandals and Alans crossed the Pyrenees and appeared in Hispania.
1213 – Battle at Steppes-Bishop Pierrepont & Louis II beat Henry I of Brabant
1282 – Nichiren Daishonin, founder of the Nichiren School of Buddhism, dies. His ashes are interred at Taisekiji Temple.
1307 – French King Philip IV convicts templars because of heresy
1483 – Rabbi Issac Abarbanel starts his exegesis on Bible
1492 – English admiral Poynings fleet occupies Lock
1501 – Maximilian of Austria & Louis XII sign Treaty of Trente
1534 – Alessandro Farnese elected as Pope Paul III
1629 – Dutch West Indies Co grants religious freedom in West Indies
1652 – Prince of Condé flees Paris
1659 – Gen-major John Lambert drives out English Rump-government
1660 – Denmark king Frederik III makes coup
1702 – Dutch/English troops occupy Luik
1710 – English troops occupy Acadia (Nova Scotia)
1716 – Hungarian Emperor Karel VI’s troops occupy Temesvar
Satirist Jonathan Swift

1724 – Jonathan Swift publishes last of Drapier’s letters
1760 – Russian/Austrian army evacuates Berlin
1773 – The Whirlpool Galaxy was discovered by Charles Messier
1775 – Continental Congress orders construction of a naval fleet
1792 – “Old Farmer’s Almanac” is 1st published
1792 – Washington lays cornerstone of Executive Mansion (White House)
1812 – Battle of Queenstown Heights, Brit beats US attempt to invade Canada
1843 – B’nai B’rith founded (NY)
1845 – Texas ratifies a state constitution
1860 – 1st aerial photo taken in US (from a balloon), Boston
1862 – Bismarck’s “Blood & Iron” speech
1863 – Skirmish at Blountsville, Tennessee (50 casualties)
1864 – Battle at Darbytown Road Virginia (337 casualties)
German Statesman Otto Von Bismarck

1864 – Battle of Dalton, GA – surrendered
1864 – Battle of Harpers Ferry, WV (mOSBY’s Raid)
1864 – Maryland voters adopt new constitution, including abolition of slavery
1870 – Gustav Mahler (10) gives his 1st public piano concert
1871 – The Delphic Fraternity is founded as the Delphic Society at the State Normal School in Geneseo, New York.
1881 – Revival of Hebrew language as Eliezer Ben-Yehuda & friends agree to use Hebrew exclusively in their conversations
1884 – Greenwich established as universal time meridian of longitude
1885 – The Georgia Institute of Technology (Georgia Tech) is founded in Atlanta, Georgia.
1890 – The Delta Chi fraternity is founded by 11 law students at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York.
1893 – Vigilant (US) beats Valkyrie II (England) in 9th America’s Cup
The Gray Ghost John Singleton Mosby

1896 – First public screening of a motion picture in New Zealand
1899 – 7000 lay-offs black mine workers of South Africa reach Natal
1902 – President Roosevelt threatens to start using army troops to work coal mines struck since 12 may; this brings the owners to agree to abide by a Commission of Arbitration
1903 – Pilgrims beat Pirates 5 games to 3 in 1st World Series
1903 – Victor Herbert’s “Babes in Toyland” premieres in NYC
1914 – Belgian regime forms at St Adresse at Le Havre
1914 – Boston Braves sweep Phila A’s, 1st sweep in World Series history
1914 – Garrett Morgan invents & patents gas mask
1914 – Pro-German Boers begin opposition to British authority in South Africa
1915 – Boston Red Sox beat Philadelphia Phillies, 4 games to 1 in 12th World Series
1917 – Soviets accept establishment of Petrograd Military
1917 – 7th College Football Crab Bowl Classic: Navy beats Maryland 62-0 in Annapolis
1920 – World Series celebration in Wade Park brings out 50,000+ Clevelanders
1921 – NY Giants beat NY Yankees, 5 games to 3 in 18th World Series
1923 – Angora (Ankara) becomes Turkey’s capital
1924 – Wahhabietes under Ibn Saudi take Mecca
1930 – New German Reichstag opens with 107 NSDAP’ers in uniform
1931 – Musical “Everybody’s Welcome” with T/J Dorsey premieres in NYC
1931 – Noel Cowards “Cavalcade” premieres in London
1933 – JDJ Boularan’s “Tovarich” premieres in Paris
1933 – Soccer team STEVO forms in Geesteren
1934 – 11th College Football Crab Bowl Classic: Navy beats Maryland 16-13 in Annapolis
1936 – Explosion caused by leaking gas rips out section 12 of Cleve Stadium
1937 – A recorded trace of snow in Central Park, NYC
1941 – Nazis kill 11,000 Jewish children/old people
1943 – Italy declares war on former Axis partner Germany
1944 – Riga Latvia freed
1944 – US 1st army begins battle of Aachen
1947 – “Kukla, Fran & Ollie” premieres
1947 – 1st NHL All-Star Game: All-Stars beat Toronto 4-3 at Toronto
1949 – “Touch & Go” opens at Broadhurst Theater NYC for 176 performances
Actress Bette Davis

1950 – “All About Eve” directed by Joseph L. Mankiewicz and starring Bette Davisand Anne Baxter premieres (Best Picture 1951)
1953 – Burglar alarm-ultrasonic or radio waves-patented-Samuel Bagno
1954 – RP Smith/M Shulman’s “Tender Trap” premieres in NYC
1955 – 1st edition of L’express publishes in Paris
1956 – WAGM TV channel 8 in Presque Isle, ME (CBS/NBC/ABC) begins
1957 – German Democratic Republic recalls OstMark & issues new currency
1958 – Burial of Eugenio Pacelli, Pope Pius XII on the 41st anniversary of the “Miracle of the Sun”.
1960 – Third presidential debate with Nixon in Hollywood & Kennedy in NY
1960 – Opponents of Fidel Castro executed in Cuba
1960 – Pirate’s Mazeroski’s bottom of 9th lead off HR beats NY Yankees 10-9 in game 7 of 57th World Series
Cuban President Fidel Castro

1962 – “Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf?” opens on Broadway, with Uta Hagen
1963 – “Beatlemania” is coined after Beatles appear at Palladium
1963 – 15th Ryder Cup: US beats 23-9 at East Lake Country Club (Atlanta, Georgia, US)
1963 – 9th LPGA Championship won by Mickey Wright
1964 – At Plesman airport, Curacao, 125.5 mm rainfalls (record)
1964 – Voskhod 1 crew returns
1966 – 173 US aircraft bomb North Vietnam
1966 – Vice Admiral Rufus L Taylor, USN, becomes deputy director of CIA
1967 – CBS radio cancels “House Party”
1968 – Tinker Creek Gorge of Cleveland Metroparks is dedicated
1969 – 1st time 7 people in space
1969 – Billy Martin (97-65) is fired as manager of AL West-winning Twins
1969 – Soyuz 8 is launched
LPGA Golfer Mickey Wright

1970 – Angela Davis arrested in NYC
1970 – USSR performs nuclear test at Sary Shagan USSR
1970 – A man dies in a premature bomb explosion in Dublin, Republic of Ireland
1971 – 1st World Series night game (Pittsburgh 4-Baltimore 3)
1971 – WTZH TV channel 24 in Meridian, MS (CBS) suspends broadcasting
1972 – “Hurry, Harry” closes at Ritz Theater NYC after 2 performances
1972 – Aeroflot Il-62 crashes in large pond outside Moscow, 176 die
1972 – Commish Bowie Kuhn allows Bert Campaneris to play in World Series
1972 – Uruguay to Chile plane crashes in Andes Mountains, (passengers eat crash victims to survive, 16 of 45 rescued 2 months later)
1973 – “Badlands” directed by Terrence Malick and starring Martin Sheen and Sissy Spacek debuts at the New York Film Festival
1973 – Jordan enters Yom Kippur war
1973 – Teri Garr appears on Bob Newhart Show in “Emily in for Carol”
Country Singer John Denver

1975 – 9th Country Music Association Award: John Denver wins
1975 – Rock vocal Neil Young undergoes throat surgery
1976 – A Bolivian Boeing 707 cargo jet crashes in Santa Cruz, Bolivia killing 100 (97, mostly children, killed on the ground).
1976 – The first electron micrograph of an Ebola viral particle was obtained by Dr. F.A. Murphy, now at U.C. Davis, who was then working at the C.D.C..
1978 – US President Jimmy Carter answers callers’ questions on National Public Radio
1978 – Swaziland’s new constitution promulgated bans political parties
1978 – Tiros N, US’s 1st third generation weather satellite, is launched
1978 – Graig Nettles at 3rd makes many spectactular plays in WS game 3 as Guidry beats Dodgers, after trailing 2 games to 0 Yanks win next 4
1980 – 14th Country Music Association Award: Barbara Mandrell, Emmylou Harris & George Jones wins
39th US President Jimmy Carter

1980 – Unprovoked slayings of 6 blacks in Buffalo, NY
1981 – Vice President Hosni Mubarak elected president of Egypt
1982 – IOC Executive Committee approves the reinstatement of Jim Thorpe’s gold medals from the 1912 Olympics
1982 – NJ Devils 1st short handed goal-Don Lever
1983 – Ameritech Mobile Communications (now Cingular) launched the first US cellular network in Chicago, Illinois.
1984 – Blackhawk Bill Gardner scores on 10th penalty shot against Islanders
1984 – John Henry becomes 1st thoroughbred to win $6 million
1984 – STS 41-G mission; lands at Kennedy Space Center
1985 – “Sunday in the Park with George” closes at Booth NYC after 604 perfs
1985 – Belgium premier Martens CVP wins parliamentary election
1985 – During NLCS, Cards rookie Vince Coleman is injured stretching before game as his left leg is caught in Busch Stadium’s automated tarpaulin
Versatile Athlete Jim Thorpe

1986 – 20th Country Music Association Award: Reba McEntire wins
1986 – 25th NY, NL appearance in World Series (Mets vs A’s)
1986 – IOC announces baseball will become a medal sport in 1992
1987 – 1st military use of trained dolphins (US Navy in Persian Gulf)
1987 – Costa Rican Pres Oscar Arias wins Nobel Peace Prize
1987 – West Indies score 4-360 in 50 overs in Cricket World Cup v Sri Lanka
1988 – Concert at Masada ends Israel’s 40th-anniversary fest
1988 – Nobel prize for literature awarded to Naguib Mahfouz
1988 – Shroud of Turin, revered by many Christians as Christ’s burial cloth, is shown by carbon-dating tests to be a fake from the Middle Ages
1988 – US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1989 – Bob Quinn resigns as NY Yankee VP/GM & replaced by Harding Peterson
1989 – Dow Jones down 190.58 points
1990 – 1st Russian Orthodox service in over 70 years held in St Basil’s Cathedral
1990 – Target Center in Minneapolis opens
1991 – Blue Jay Cito Gaston is 1st manager ejected in a playoff game
1991 – Minnesota Twins win AL pennant beating Toronto in 5 games
1991 – MLB American League Championship: Minnesota Twins beat Toronto Blue Jays, 4 games to 1
1993 – Greek government of Papandreou forms
1993 – Mighty Ducks win their 1st NHL game
1993 – Nobel prize for chemistry awarded to Kary Mullis & Michael Smith
1993 – Nobel prize for physics awarded to Russel Hulse & Joseph Taylor
1993 – Captured American Pilot Mike Durant is filmed in an interview in captivity by a CNN camera crew.
1993 – MLB National League Championship: Philadelphia Phillies beat Atlanta Braves, 4 games to 2
1994 – Earliest start of Sheffield Shield season (Queensland v Tasmania)
1994 – Nobel prize for literature awarded to Kenzaburo Oe
1995 – Joseph Rotblat awarded Nobel Peace Prize
1995 – Pamela Anderson Lee, rush to hospital with flu like symptoms
1996 – “Big” closes at Shubert Theater NYC after 193 performances
1996 – Annika Sorenstam wins Betsy King LPGA Golf Classic
1996 – NY Jet Nick Lowrey breaks Jan Stenerud NFL field goal record at 374
1996 – Yanks (3) & Orioles (3) combine to tie play off record of 6 HRs
1996 – 47th Formula One WDC: Damon Hil wins by 19 points
1996 – MLB American League Championship: New York Yankees beat Baltimore Orioles, 4 games to 1
1997 – Andy Green’s Jet-powered car reaches record 749.69 MPH
1998 – MLB American League Championship: New York Yankees beat Cleveland Indians, 4 games to 2
1999 – The United States Senate rejects ratification of the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT).
Formula 1 Racing Driver Michael Schumacher

2002 – 53rd Formula One WDC: Michael Schumacher wins by 67 points
2002 – MLB American League Championship: Anaheim Angels beat Minnesota Twins, 4 games to 1
2007 – 17th College Football Holy War: Boston College beats Notre Dame 27-14 in South Bend
2008 – HM Treasury infused £37 billion ($64 billion, 47 billion euros) of new capital-bailout into Royal Bank of Scotland Group Plc, Lloyds TSB and HBOS Plc, to avert a financial sector collapse.
2010 – The 2010 Copiapó mining accident in Copiapó, Chile comes to an end as all 33 miners arrive at the surface after surviving a record 69 days underground awaiting rescue.
2012 – 15 people are killed by a market suicide bombing in Darra Adam Khel, Pakistan
2012 – Gerhard Richter’s Abstraktes Bild sells for $34 million, the highest sold artwork by a living artist
2013 – 109 people are killed in a stampede on a bridge in  Datia district, Madhya Pradesh, India

BIRTHDAYS

1162 – Leonora of England, Queen of Castile (d. 1214)
1244 – Jaques de Molay, Grand Master of the Knights Templars (d. 1314)
1453 – Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales and the only son of King Henry VI of England and Margaret of Anjou, born in London (d. 1471)
1474 – Mariotto di Bigio di Bindo Albertinelli, Italian painter
1537 – Jane Grey, Queen of England for 9 days
1563 – Francesco Caracciolo, Italian religious founder/saint (Caracciolini)
1566 – Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Cork, Irish politician (d. 1643)
1613 – Luisa of Medina-Sidonia, queen of Portugal (d. 1666)
1652 – Johann Heinrich Kittel, composer
1696 – John Hervey, 2nd Baron Hervey, English statesman and writer (d. 1743)
1713 – Allan Ramsay, Scottish painter (d. 1784)
1714 – Pieter Burmann the Younger, Dutch philologist (d. 1778)
1759 – Ecco Epkema, Dutch linguist (Frisian, old-Frisian)
1761 – Dirk van Hogendorp, Dutch earl/general/minister of War [NS]
1768 – Jacques Félix Emmanuel Hamelin, French explorer (d. 1839)
1769 – Horace H Hayden, cofounded 1st dental college
1783 – Frantiszek Soltyk, composer
1792 – Moritz Hauptmann, composer
1794 – Anselm Huttenbrenner, composer
1797 – William Motherwell, Scottish civil servant/poet
1808 – Henry Haywood Bell, Commander (Union Navy), (d. 1868)
1810 – James Shedden Palmer, Commander (Union Navy), (d. 1867)
1815 – Jules Quicherat, French historian/archaeologist
1820 – John William Dawson, Canadian geologist (d. 1899)
Anthropologist/Pathologist Rudolf Virchow (1821)

1821 – Rudolf Virchow, Schivelbein, Pomerania, Prussia, German politician/anthropologist/pathologist (cell pathology), (d. 1902)
1822 – Karl Reinthaler, composer
1823 – Immanuel Faisst, composer
1824 – Henry Stephen Cutler, composer
1826 – Lafayette Curry Baker, Brigadier General (Union volunteers), (d. 1868)
1853 – Lillie Langtry, [Jersey Lily], vaudevillian actress (Lillie)
1853 – Maria E “Beppie” Bakker, Dutch actress/wife of Piet Vink Sr
1862 – Mary Kingsley, English writer and explorer (d. 1900)
1863 – C-E Auguste Rateau, French mining engineer (Rateau steam turbine)
1876 – Rube Waddell, American baseball player (d. 1914)
1877 – Bernard Bosanquet, cricketer (pioneer of googly)
1878 – Patrick Joseph Hartigan, Australian Roman Catholic priest (d. 1952)
1879 – Peter Van Anrooy, Dutch conductor/composer (Piet Hein Rhapsodie)
1880 – Sasha Cherny, Russian poet (d. 1932)
1881 – George Bacovia, [Vasiliu], Romanian poet/composer/painter
1887 – Jozef Tiso, Slovak politician (d. 1947)
1889 – Douglass Dumbrille, Hamilton Ont, actor (Mr Deed Goes to Town)
1890 – Conrad Richter, writer (Light in the Forest)
1890 – Gosta Nystroem, composer
1891 – Irene Rich, [Luther], actress (Beau Brummell, Champ), born in Buffalo, New York
1891 – Ludwig Weber, composer
1895 – Kurt Schumacher, German politicial chairman (SPD) [NS]
1895 – Vera [A Veronica] Bondam, actress
1895 – Mike Gazella, American baseball player (d. 1978)
1899 – Marcelle de Manziarly, composer
1900 – Marius-Francois Gaillard, composer
1900 – Gerald Marks, American songwriter (All of Me) (d. 1997)
1901 – Benjamin Merkelbach, architect/city builder of Amsterdam
1901 – Edward Chapman, Harrogate England, actor (Promoter, Rembrandt)
Poet Arna Bontemps (1902)

1902 – Arna Bontemps, Louisiana, American poet (100 years of negro freedom)
1902 – Franco Giorgetti, Italy, cyclist (Olympic-gold-1920)
1903 – Jens Bjerre, composer
1903 – Patsy Moran, PA, actress (Children of the Wild)
1904 – Jutta Hecker, writer
1904 – Wilfred Pickles, Halifax England, actor (Billy Liar, Gay Dog)
1907 – Yves Allégret, French film director (d. 1987)
1908 – John Grant, British rear-admiral
1908 – Werner Reinowski, writer
1909 – Herblock, [Herbert L Block], Roosevelt, Utah, political cartoonist
1910 – Art[hur] Tatum, US jazz pianist/composer
1910 – Otto Joachim, composer
1911 – Ticker Freeman, Paterson NJ, pianist (Dinah Shore Show)
1911 – Ashok Kumar, Indian actor (d. 2001)
1912 – Hugo David Weisgall, Ivancice Moravia, composer (4 Impressions)
1913 – Frances Tustin, child psychologist
1915 – Cornel Wilde, actor (High Sierra, 5th Musketeer), born in NYC, New York
1915 – Terry Frost, English artist (d. 2003)
1916 – David Hollestelle, Dutch baritone (Great-Broadcast chorus)
1917 – Burr Tillstrom, puppeteer (Kukla, Fran & Ollie), born in Chicago, Illinois
1917 – Laraine Day, Roosevelt Utah, actress (Dr Kildaire, I’ve Got a Secret)
1918 – Jack MacGowran, actor (King Lear, Exorcist), born in Dublin, Ireland
1918 – Robert Walker, Salt Lake City Utah, actor/writer (Bataan, Mme Curie)
1920 – Albert Hague, actor (Mr Shorofsky-Fame), born in Berlin, Germany
1920 – Nipsey Russell, comedian (Car 54, Barefoot in the Park), born in Atlanta, Georgia
1920 – Laraine Day, American actress (d. 2007)
1921 – Harper MacKay, orchestra leader (NBC Follies), born in Boston, Massachusetts
1921 – Yves Montand, France, actor/singer (Z, Napoleon, Grand Prix)
1922 – Alan Scott, Haddonfield NJ, TV host/songwriter (Spin the Picture)
1922 – Gilberto Mendes, composer
1923 – Servaas “Faas” Wilkes, Dutch soccer star (Xerxes/Fortuna/Inter Milan)
1923 – Cyril Shaps, English actor (d. 2003)
1924 – Terry Gibbs, American orchestra leader (Steve Allen Comedy Hour), born in Brooklyn, New York
1925 – Frank D Gilroy, American writer (Subject Was Roses)
1925 – Lenny Bruce, [Leonard Schneider], comedian, arrested on obsenity
British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher (1925)

1925 – Margaret Thatcher, Grantham England, (Tory) British PM (1979-90)
1925 – Gustav Winckler, Danish singer (d. 1979)
1926 – Ray Brown, American jazz double bassist , born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
1926 – Walter “Killer” Kowalski (wrestler) Canadian Wrestler (d. 2008)
1930 – Peter J Clase, South African minister of Education/Culture (1985- )
1931 – Ed Matthews, Hall of Famer/Milwaukee Brave/HR hitter (512)
1931 – Janice Elliott, novelist
1931 – Eddie Mathews, American baseball player (d. 2001)
1931 – Raymond Kopa, French footballer
1932 – Jack Colvin, American actor (d. 2005)
1933 – Adam Kaczynski, composer
1933 – Raynald Frechette, Quebec politician and judge (d. 2007)
1934 – Nana Mouskouri, Crete Greece, singer (Try to Remember) [or 10/10/36]
1935 – Philippine J Aeckerlin, Dutch actress (Oh Venus, Daddy Longlegs)
1936 – Cliff Gorman, Jamacia NY, actor (Boys in the Band, Angel)
1936 – Elizabeth Furse, (Rep-D-Oregon)
1936 – John Menzies, Scottish publisher/banker/multi-millionaire
1938 – Jim McMullan, Long Beach NY, actor (Dr McDaniel-Ben Casey)
1938 – Mahboob Shah, cricketer (Pakistani Test umpire on intl panel)
1938 – Hugo Young, English journalist (d. 2003)
1939 – Melinda Dillon, Hope Ark, actress (Close Encounters, Slap Shot)
1939 – T. J. Cloutier, American poker player
1940 – Chris Farlowe, rocker
1940 – Pharoah Sanders, American saxophonist
1941 – John Snow, cricketer (fiery England quickie Unpopular with Aussies)
1941 – Paul Simon, Newark NJ, singer/actor (Kodachrome, 1 Trick Pony)
1942 – Jerry Jones, owner/GM (Dallas Cowboys)
1942 – Pamela Tiffin, [Pamela Wonso], actress (Viva Max!), born in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
1942 – Bob Bailey, American baseball player
1943 – Mike Barnicle, American newspaper columnist
1944 – Buddy Allin, Bremerton WA, PGA golfer (1980 NZ Open)
1944 – Robert Lamm, rocker (Chicago-If You Leave Me Now), born in NYC, New York
1945 – Karen Akers, singer (On Stage at Wolf Trap), born in NYC, New York
1945 – Christophe, French singer
1945 – Dési Bouterse, Surinam politician
1946 – Bram Vermeulen, Dutch singer (Neerlands Hoop)
1946 – Demond Wilson, Valdosta GA, actor (Sanford & Son, Baby I’m Back)
1946 – Edwina Currie, British politician
1947 – Sammy Hagar, Monterey CA, rock vocalist (Van Halen-Jump)
1947 – Jerry Trupiano, American sports broadcaster
1948 – Lacy J Dalton, Bloomsburg Pa, country singer (Crazy Blue Eyes)
1948 – John Ford Coley, American musician
1948 – Ted Poe, American politician
1949 – Craig McGregor, rocker (Foghat)
1949 – Tom Mees, American sports broadcaster (d. 1996)
1949 – Patrick Nève, Belgian racing driver
1949 – Marisol Malaret, Miss Universe 1970
1950 – Annegret Richter-Irrang, German FR, sprinter (Olympic-gold-1972)
1950 – Ellen Brusse, [Elizabeth Wenmakers], Dutch TV hostess
1951 – John Ford Coley, rocker (England Dan & John Ford Coley)
1951 – Olympia-Ann Sylvers, rocker
1952 – Beverly Johnson, model/actress (Ashanti Land of No Mercy)
1952 – Michael “Rich”ard Clifford, Cal, Army/Astronaut (STS 53, 59, 76)
1953 – Bill Schuette, (Rep-R-MI, 1985- )
1953 – Pat Day, American jockey
1954 – Mordechai Vanunu, Israeli nuclear technician
1954 – George Frazier, American baseball player
1954 – Claude Ribbe, French historian
1956 – Anura Ranasinghe, cricketer (Sri Lankan batsman in 3 Tests 1982)
1956 – Chris Carter, American television producer
1958 – Barb Bunkowsky-Scherbak, Toronto ON, LPGA golfer (1984 Chrysler)
1958 – Dwayne Evans, Phoenix Az, 200m runner (Olympic-bronze-1976)
1958 – Joseph Richard Sylvers, rocker
1958 – Maria Cantwell, (Rep-D-Washington)
1958 – Jair-Rohm Parker Wells, American musician and composer
1959 – Marie Osmond, Ogden Ut, singer/actress (Paper Roses, Goin’ Coconuts)
1960 – Greg Derr, Marshfield Mass, free pistol (Olympics-1996)
1960 – Joey Belladonna, Oswego NY, heavy metal vocalist (Anthrax-Protest)
1960 – Tim Brewster, American football coach
1960 – Ari Fleischer, former White House press secretary
1960 – Peter Keisler, acting United States attorney general
1961 – Derek Harper, NBA guard (NY Knicks, Orlando Magic)
NFL Wide Receiver Jerry Rice (1962)

1962 – Jerry Rice, Starkville Mississippi, NFL wide receiver (San Francisco 49ers)
1962 – Kelly Preston, Honolulu HI, actress (Mischief, Twins, A Tigers Tale)
1963 – Colin Channer, Jamaican writer
1964 – Chris Gwynn, LA CA, outfielder (San Diego Padres)
1964 – Niè Hǎishèng, Chinese astronaut
1964 – Christopher Judge, American actor
1965 – Cherelle, rocker (Affair-First Bite)
1965 – Linda Brenneman, Wheat Ridge Colo, cyclist (Olympics-11th-96)
1965 – Rob Schneider, actor (Saturday Night Live, Men Behaving Badly)
1965 – Johan Museeuw, Belgian cyclist
1967 – Derrick Moore, NFL running back (Az Cardinals, Carolina Panthers)
1967 – Javier Sotomayor, Cuban jumper (world record 1989)
1967 – Trevor Hoffman, Anaheim CA, pitcher (San Diego Padres)
1967 – Steve Vickers, English footballer
1967 – Kate Walsh, American actress
1968 – David Alcoriza, Lodi California, double trap (Olympics-1996)
1968 – Julio Valera, San Sebastian Puerto Rico, pitcher (KC Royals)
1968 – Tisha Campbell, Newark NJ, actress (Gina-Martin, House Party)
1968 – Carlos Marin, Spanish baritone (Il Divo)
1969 – Cady McClain, Burbank California, actress (Dixie Martin-All My Children)
1969 – Rhonda Mapp, WNBA center/forward (Charlotte Sting)
1969 – Tim Crabtree, Jackson MI, pitcher (Toronto Blue Jays)
1970 – Ann Grossman, Grove City Ohio, tennis star (1994 LA finalist)
1970 – Eric Gant, WLAF running back (Frankfurt Galaxy)
1970 – Steve Matthews, NFL/WLAF quarterback (KC Chiefs, Scottish Claymores)
1970 – Serena Altschul, American reporter
1970 – Mel Jackson, American actor and R&B musician
1970 – Paul Potts, British Opera singer and winner of Britain’s Got Talent
1971 – Hitesh Modi, cricketer (Kenyan left-handed batsman 1996 World Cup)
1971 – Irv Smith, NFL tight end (NO Saints)
1971 – Jay Williams, defensive end (St Louis Rams)
1971 – Sean O’Donnell, Ottawa, NHL defenseman (LA Kings)
Comedian/Actor Sacha Baron Cohen (1971)

1971 – Sacha Baron Cohen, comedian/actor (Ali G, Borat), born in London, England
1971 – Billy Bush, American TV host
1972 – Jaime Bernardo, prince of Netherlands
1972 – Jean Foster, Columbus GA, 3×20 rifle (Olympics-1996)
1972 – Margarita Maria Beatriz, princess of Netherlands
1972 – Summer Sanders, California, butterfly swimmer (Olympics-gold-1992, 96)
1973 – Brian Dawkins, safety (Philadelphia Eagles)
1973 – Peter Dumbreck, Scottish race car driver
1973 – Matt Hughes, American mixed martial artist
1973 – Nanako Matsushima, Japanese actress
1974 – Anthony Carbone, Australian soccer midfielder (Olyroos, Olympics-96)
1974 – Hawick Lau, Chinese actor and singer
1974 – Joseph Utsler, American rapper (Insane Clown Posse)
1975 – Arafath Hill, soccer player (FC Groningen)
1975 – Leo Koswal, soccer player (Dordrecht ’90)
1975 – David Kennedy, American musician (Box Car Racer, Angels & Airwaves)
1976 – Edward Ellis, tackle (New England Patriots)
1977 – Gareth Batty, English cricketer
1977 – Paul Pierce, American basketball player
1977 – Kiele Sanchez, American actress
1978 – Jermaine O’Neal, NBA forward (Portland Trailblazers)
1979 – Wes Brown, English footballer
1980 – Magne Hoseth, Norwegian footballer
1980 – Ashanti, American singer
1980 – Scott Parker, English footballer
1980 – Jon Micah Sumrall, American singer (Kutless)
1981 – Ryan Ashford, English footballer
1981 – Kele Okereke, lead singer of Bloc Party
1982 – Ian Thorpe, Australian swimmer
1984 – Frank Simek, American soccer player
1984 – Misono, Japanese singer (formerly Day After Tomorrow)
1993 – Tiffany Trump, daughter of Donald Trump & Marla Maples
2324 – Beverly Crusher, fictional doctor on Star Trek Next Generation

WEDDINGS

1941 – NFL halfback Red Grange (38) weds flight attendant Margaret Hazelberg
1956 – MLB player Roger Maris (22) weds high school sweetheart Pat Carvell at St. Anthony Padua Church
1978 – James Earl Ray, assassin of Martin Luther King weds Anna Sandhu
2011 – Queen consort of Bhutan Jetsun Pema (21) weds Dragon King of Bhutan Jigme Khesar Namgyal Wangchuck (31) at Punakha Dzong in Punakha, Bhutan
2012 – “The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air” actor Alfonso Ribeiro (41) weds Angela Unkrich (31) in California

DIVORCES

1998 – Golfer champ Nick Faldo (41) divorces manager’s secretary Gill Bennett after 12 years of marriage

DEATHS

54 – Claudius, Roman Emperor, dies of poison mushrooms at 63
1093 – Robrecht I, the Fries, Count of Flanders, dies
1282 – Nichiren Japanese founder of Nichiren Buddhism (b. 1222)
1311 – Gwijde van Names, Flemish marshal (Golden Track), dies at 35
1415 – Thomas FitzAlan, 12th Earl of Arundel, English military leader (b. 1381)
1508 – Edmund de Ros, 11th Baron de Ros, English politician (b. 1446)
1605 – Theodore Beza, French theologian (b. 1519)
1643 – Sweder van Haersolte, mister of Swaluwenborch/diplomat, dies at 61
1652 – Abraham Verhoeven, Flemish printer/newspaper publisher, dies
1673 – Kristoffer Gabel, Danish statesman (b. 1617)
1680 – Daniel Elsevier, book publisher/publisher, dies at 54
1680 – Francois Roberday, composer, dies at 56
1687 – Geminiano Montanari, Italian astronomer (b. 1633)
1701 – Andreas Anton Schmelzer, composer, dies at 47
1706 – Iyasus the Great, Emperor of Ethiopia (b. 1682)
1708 – Henry van Nassau, mister of Ouwerkerk/fieldmarshal, dies at 67
1715 – Nicolas Malebranche, French philosopher (b. 1638)
1759 – John Henley, English minister (b. 1692)
Roman Emperor Claudius(54)

1774 – Willem Bentinck, mister of Rhoon/Pendrecht/Orangist, dies at 69
1777 – Dismas Hatas, composer, dies at 52
1788 – Robert Nugent, 1st Earl Nugent, Irish politician and poet (b. 1702)
1795 – William Prescott, American Revolutionary soldier, dies
1805 – Johann Christoph Kuhnau, composer, dies at 70
1812 – Isaac Brock, English general (conquered Detroit), dies in battle at 43
1815 – Joachim Murat, marshal of France/King of Naples (1808-15), executed
1819 – Giovanni Battista Gaiani, composer, dies at 61
1822 – Antonio Canova, Italian sculptor, dies at 64
1825 – Maximilian I of Bavaria (b. 1756)
1855 – Gottfried Rieger, composer, dies at 91
1869 – Charles-Augustin Sainte-Beuve, Fren writer (Tableau Historique), dies
1882 – Arthur de Gobineau, French philosopher (b. 1816)
British Army Officer and Administrator Isaac Brock(1812)

1890 – Samuel Freeman Miller, U.S. Supreme Court Justice (b. 1816)
1904 – Pavlos Melas, Greek officer who organized and participated in the Greek Struggle for Macedonia (b. 1870)
1905 – Henry Irving, [John H Brodribb], English actor (Hamlet), dies at 67
1909 – Francisco Ferrer, Spanish anarchist, executed
1917 – Florence La Badie, American actress
1918 – Gerrit Engelke, German writer (Briefer der Liebe), dies
1919 – Karl Adolph Gjellerup, Danish writer, Nobel laureate (b. 1857)
1920 – Isaac Capadose, lawyer/evangelist, dies at 86
1924 – Anatole France, [Jacques Thibault], writer (Ecrivain Francais), dies
1926 – Hans E Kinck, Norwegian philological/writer (Driftekaren), dies at 61
1931 – Ernst Didring, Swedish author (b. 1868)
1938 – E.C. Segar, American cartoonist (Popeye) (b. 1894)
1941 – GJ Berenschot, general/supreme commander Dutch East Indies army, dies
1945 – Milton S. Hershey, American chocolate tycoon (The Hershey Chocolate Company), dies at 86
Chocolate Tycoon Milton S. Hershey (1945)

1947 – Sydney Webb, England, writer/husband of Beatrice Potter, dies
1948 – Samuel S. Hinds, American actor (Raven, Test Pilot), dies at 73
1950 – Ernest Haycox, American writer (b. 1899)
1951 – W G (Billy) Quaife, cricketer (7 Tests for England, 228 runs), dies
1953 – Millard Mitchell, actor (12 O’Clock High, Gunfighter), dies at 50
1955 – Manuel Ávila Camacho, President of Mexico (b. 1897)
1958 – Alexander Moiseyevich Veprik, composer, dies at 59
1959 – K Rudolf Mengelberg, Dutch composer (Concert Amsterdam), dies at 67
1961 – Maya Deren (born Eleanora Derenkowskaia) American filmmaker dies of a brain hemorrhage aged 44
1963 – Henry Daniell, English actor (Woman in Green, Body Snatchers), dies
1965 – Paul H Muller, Swiss chemist (DDT-Nobel 1948), dies at 66
1966 – Clifton Webb, American actor (Razor’s Edge), dies of a heart attack at 76
1966 – Father Marriott, cricketer (one Test for England, 11 wickets), dies
1968 – Bea Benaderet, actress (Petticoat Junction), dies of lung cancer at 62
1970 – Julia Culp, mezzo-soprano, dies at 90
1971 – Stafford Smythe, Canadian NHL executive (b. 1921)
1974 – Ed Sullivan, TV host (Ed Sullivan Show, Toast of the Town), dies at 73
1979 – Clarence Muse, actor (Sam-Casablanca), dies at 90
1979 – Rebecca Clarke, composer, dies at 93
1981 – Nils Asther, actor (Son of Lassie, Wild Orchids), dies at 84
1984 – Alice Neel, American painter dies ages 84
1985 – Jack Wilson, cricketer (Test for Australia, 0-39 & 1-25, DNB), dies
Physicist Walter Houser Brattain (1987)

1987 – Walter Houser Brattain, American physicist (transistors, Nobel 1956), dies at 85
1987 – Kishore Kumar, Indian Singer (b.1929)
1988 – Mike Venezia, jockey, dies in 5th-race fall at Belmont Race Track, NY
1990 – Hans Freudenthal, mathematician/director OW&OC (F Institution), dies
1990 – Lê Ðức Thọ, Vietnamese revolutionary general, politician and negotiator in Paris (1975), dies at 78
1991 – Daniel Oduber Quiros, president of Costa Rica (1974-1978), dies
1991 – Donald Houston, actor (Battle Hell, Study in Terror), dies at 67
1992 – Hughes Rudd, news anchor (CBS Morning News), dies of aneurysm at 71
1992 – James Marshall, illustrator/author (The Stupids), dies at 50
1993 – Gwen Wells, actress (Nashville), dies of cancer at 42
1993 – Leon Ames, US actor (Mr Ed, Peggy Sue got Married), dies at 90
1995 – Golfredo Corradetti, conductor, dies at 79
1995 – Henry Roth, novelist (Call it Sleep), dies at 89
1995 – Ali Faik Zaghloul, Egyptian radio presenter
1996 – Albert Hughes Williams, teacher/historian, dies at 89
1996 – Beryl Reid, actress (Yellowbeard, Psychomania), dies at 76
1996 – Henri Nannen, journalist, dies at 82
1996 – Rene Lacoste, tennis player, dies at 92
1997 – Adil Carcani, prime minister of Albania (1982-91), dies
2000 – Jean Peters, American actress (b. 1926)
2001 – Peter Doyle, Australian pop singer (The New Seekers) (b. 1949)
2002 – Stephen Ambrose, American historian and biographer (b. 1936)
2003 – Bertram Brockhouse, Canadian physicist, Nobel laureate (b. 1918)
2004 – Enrique Fernando, Chief Justice of the Philippine Supreme Court (b. 1915)
2005 – Vivian Malone Jones, American civil rights activist (b. 1942)
2006 – Wang Guangmei, Chinese first lady (b. 1921)
2007 – Bob Denard, French mercenary (b. 1929)
2008 – Alexei Cherepanov, Russian hockey player (b. 1989)
2009 – Stephen Barnett, American legal scholar who opposed the Newspaper Preservation Act of 1970 (b. 1935)
2010 – Vernon Biever, American photographer (b. 1923)
2011 – Barbara Kent, Canadian born – U.S. silent film actress and WAMPAS Baby Stars (b.1907)
2012 – Gary Ennis Collins, American film and television actor, dies from natural causes at 74
2012 – Helmut Haller, German footballer, dies from Parkinson’s disease and dementia at 73

ALSO ON THIS DAY

• Lead Story

• 1792 White House cornerstone laid

• American Revolution

• 1775 Continental Congress authorizes first naval force

• Automotive

• 1953 World’s first traveling art museum opens in Virginia

• Civil War

• 1863 Ohio voters reject Vallandigham

• Cold War

• 1957 Popular sci-fi film reflects America’s ambivalence about nuclear weapons

• Crime

• 1999 Grand jury dismissed in JonBenet Ramsey murder case

• Disaster

• 2010 Chilean miners are rescued after 69 days underground

• General Interest

• 1775 Continental Navy established
• 1812 Sir Isaac Brock saves Canada
• 1843 B’nai B’rith founded
• 1977 Palestinians hijack German airliner

• Hollywood

• 1950 Jimmy Stewart stars in Harvey

• Literary

• 1943 Poet Robert Lowell sentenced to prison

• Music

• 1975 Singer Charlie Rich protests John Denver’s big win at the CMA Awards

• Old West

• 1845 Texans ratify a state constitution and approve annexation

• Presidential

• 1792 White House cornerstone is laid

• Sports

• 1967 American Basketball Association debuts

• Vietnam War

• 1966 McNamara claims that war is progressing satisfactorily
• 1970 Sir Robert Thompson advises President Nixon

• World War I

• 1915 Poet Charles Sorley killed at Loos

• World War II

• 1943 Italy declares war on Germany

2007 – Al Gore wins Nobel Prize in the wake of An Inconvenient Truth

On this day in 2007, former U.S. Vice President Al Gore and the United Nation’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change are awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for their efforts to increase public knowledge about man-made climate change. In 2006, Gore had starred in the Academy Award-winning documentary An Inconvenient Truth, which was credited with raising international awareness about the global warming crisis.

Gore, a former senator from Tennessee who served as President Bill Clinton’s vice president from 1993 to 2001, is considered one of the first politicians to recognize the dangers of carbon dioxide emissions, a cause of human-induced global warming. Gore became interested in the topic of global warming during a college course he took at Harvard University. As a congressman, he held hearings on climate change in the late 1970s, a time when most Americans had little or no knowledge of the issue. After losing the 2000 presidential election to George W. Bush, Gore embarked on a new campaign—the fight against man-made climate change—and gave slide-show presentations around the world in an effort to educate the public. An Inconvenient Truth chronicled Gore’s efforts to educate audiences with his “traveling global warming road show.” In the film, he details the facts and falsehoods surrounding this “planetary emergency” and describes the events in his own life that led him to become an environmental crusader.

An Inconvenient Truth debuted at the Sundance Film Festival on January 24, 2006, and opened in limited release across the United States in May of that same year. Directed by Davis Guggenheim, the film went on to win numerous awards, including an Oscar for Best Documentary at the Academy Awards on February 25, 2007. Melissa Etheridge also received an Oscar for Best Original Song, for “I Need to Wake Up.”

One of the highest-grossing documentaries in U.S. history, An Inconvenient Truthplayed in theaters around the planet. It was credited with helping to spur the “green movement” that spread across the United States in 2007, as the media focused more attention on the problems associated with climate change. In Hollywood, actors such as Leonardo DiCaprio began driving hybrid cars like the Toyota Prius and generally promoting a more eco-friendly lifestyle, while various film companies pledged to become “carbon-neutral.”

October 12th

EVENTS

539 BC – The army of Cyrus the Great of Persia takes Babylon.
638 – Honorius I ends his reign as Catholic Pope; Pope Severinus elected
642 – John IV ends his reign as Catholic Pope
1165 – Rambam reaches Jerusalem
1216 – King John of England loses his crown jewels in The Wash, probably near Fosdyke, perhaps near Sutton Bridge
1279 – Nichiren, a Japanese Buddhist monk founder of Nichiren Buddhism, inscribes the Dai-Gohonzon
1285 – 180 Jews refuse baptism in Munich Germany, they are set on fire
1366 – King Frederick III of Siciliy forbids decorations on synagogues
1398 – The Treaty of Salynas is signed between Grand Duke of Lithuania Vytautas the Great and the Teutonic Knights, who received Samogitia.
1459 – Battle at Ludford Bridge: Richard of York defeated
1492 – Flemish rebel leader Philip van Kleef surrenders
1492 – Christopher Columbus’s expedition makes landfall on Caribbean island he names San Salvador (likely Watling Island, Bahamas). The explorer believes he has reached East Asia (OS 21 Oct)
1504 – Queen Isabella I of Spain signs her testament
1509 – Emperor Maximilian leaves Italy
Founder of Protestanism Martin Luther

1518 – Pontifical ambassador interrogates Martin Luther
1549 – John Dudley earl of Warwick becomes English premier
1576 – Rudolf II succeeds Maximilian II as Holy Roman Emperor
1609 – Children’s rhyme “Three Blind Mice” published in London
1654 – The Delft Explosion (gunpowder) devastates the city in the Netherlands, killing more than 100.
1659 – English Rump-government fires John Lambert & other generals
1711 – Karel VI Habsburg crowned Roman Catholic emperor
1729 – Willem KH Friso installed as viceroy of Gelderland
1730 – Christian VI succeeds Frederik IV as king of Denmark
1773 – America’s first insane asylum opens for ‘Persons of Insane and Disordered Minds’ in Virginia
1775 – US Navy forms
1776 – British Brigade begins guarding Throgg Necks Road in Bronx
Explorer of the New World Christopher Columbus

1792 – First celebration of Columbus Day in the USA held in New York
1798 – Flemish uprising against French occupied Boerenkrijg
1798 – Friedrich von Schiller’s “Wallensteins Lager” premieres in Weimar
1815 – Ex-king Joachim Murat van Naples sentenced to death
1822 – Second eruption of Galunggung (Java) destroys summit of mountain
1823 – Charles Macintosh of Scotland begins selling raincoats (Macs)
1833 – Charles Darwin begins return trip to Buenos Aires
1836 – 18″ of snow falls in Bridgewater, NY
1850 – First women’s medical school (Women’s Medical College of Penns), opens
1853 – John Morrissey wins boxing title, when Yankee Sullivan leaves ring after 36th round to slug Morrissey’s fans
1854 – Lincoln University founded as Ashmun Institute
1859 – Self-proclaimed Emperor of the USA, Emperor Norton issues edit abolishing the US Congress
Emperor of the USA Emperor Norton

1860 – British & French troops capture Beijing
1861 – Confederate ironclad Manassas attack Union’s Richmond on Mississippi
1862 – JEB Stuart completes his “second ride around Mcclellan”
1862 – Maj Gen Earl Van Dorn assumes command of Conf troops in Missisippi
1862 – Skirmish at Monocacy, Maryland
1871 – US President Grant condemns Ku Klux Klan
1872 – Montreal Foot Ball Club 1st game playing Quebec City to 0-0 tie
1879 – British troops occupy Kabul, Afghanistan
1881 – Henry M Stanley signs contract with Congo monarch
1886 – Hurricane & sea surge kills 250 at Indianola Texas
1886 – Start of Sherlock Holmes “Adventure of 2nd Stain” (BG)
1891 – Astronomical Society of France is inaugurated
1892 – US Pledge of Allegiance first recited in public schools during Columbus Day
Union General George McClellan

1898 – Establishment of the first town council in Mateur.
1899 – South Africa Boer Republic declares war on Britain
1900 – The first modern submarine is commissioned by the U.S.Navy as the USS Holland, named for its designer John Philip Holland
1901 – Theodore Roosevelt renames “Executive Mansion,” “The White House”
1903 – Lyric Theater opens at 213 W 42nd St NYC
1907 – Cubs beat Tigers 4 games to 0 with 1 tie in 4th World Series
1913 – John McGraw, after drinking, blames Wilbert Robinson’s coaching mistakes for World Series lose, Robertson blames McGraw & is fired
1914 – 1st battle at Ypres begins

The 1910 Model T Ford

 

Ford Motor Company Founder Henry Ford

1915 – Ford Motor Company under Henry Ford manufactures its 1 millionth Model T automobile
1915 – Theodore Roosevelt criticizes US citzens who identify themselves, with dual nationalities
1916 – Boston Red Sox beat Bkln Dodgers, 4 games to 1 in 13th World Series
1917 – The First Battle of Passchendaele, now Passendale
1918 – Cloquet fire kills 453 and injures or displaces 52,000 people
1920 – Cleve Indians beat Bkln Dodgers, 5 games to 2 in 17th World Series
1920 – Construction begins on Holland Tunnel connecting NJ & NYC
1920 – Man O’War’s last race & win
1920 – Soccer team Quick ’20 forms
1923 – NY Giant’s Casey Stengel HR beats Yanks 1-0 in World Series
1924 – Sokolnicheskaya Radio begins broadcasting from Moscow
1925 – Albert Michelsen runs world record marathon (2:19:01.8)
26th US President Theodore Roosevelt

1925 – German-Russian trade agreement signed
1927 – Hermann Goerner of Germany raises 24 men weighing 4,123 lbs on a plank with soles of his feet
1928 – 1st use of iron lung (Boston’s Children Hospital)
1929 – Cubs blow 8-0 World Series lead, A’s score 10 in 1 inning
1931 – 1st International Conference on Calendar Reform
1933 – Alcatraz becomes a federal prison (unofficially)
1933 – John Dillinger escapes from jail in Allen County, Ohio
1933 – Gangster George Francis Barnes, aka Machine Gun Kelly, is sentenced to life imprisonment
1935 – Cole Porters musical “Jubilee,” premieres in NYC
1941 – Russian government moves from Moscow to Volga as Nazis close in on Moscow
1942 – Successful Russian counter attack through 37th Guard division
American Gangster George ‘Machine Gun’ Kelly

1942 – US navy defeats Japanese in WW II Battle of Cape Esperance
1943 – US bombs Rabaul, New Britain
1944 – German army retreats from Athens
1948 – Casey Stengel takes over as Yankee manager
1950 – “Call Me Madam” opens at Imperial Theater NYC for 644 performances
1952 – Hanif Mohammad scores twin 100s v N Zone (Ind) his 1st fc cricket tons
1952 – KBTV (now KUSA) TV channel 9 in Denver, CO (ABC) begins broadcasting
1953 – US & Greece signs peace treaty (US bases)
1955 – -13] Hurricane Hazel, kills 68 in Haiti
1956 – Marga Klompe becomes first Dutch women elected minister
1957 – “Mask & Gown” closes at John Golden Theater NYC after 39 performances
1957 – “Simply Heavenly” closes at Playhouse Theater NYC after 62 perfs
1957 – 1First commercial flight between California & Antartica
1957 – Canadian Prime Minister Lester Bowles Pearson wins Nobel Peace Prize
1958 – CVP wins municipal elections in Belgium
1958 – USSR performs nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya USSR
1958 – WJRT TV channel 12 in Flint, MI (ABC) begins broadcasting
1959 – At the national congress of APRA in Peru a group of leftist radicals are expelled from the party. They will later form APRA Rebelde.
37th US President Richard Nixon

1960 – JFK & Richard Nixon’s third presidential debate
1960 – Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev bangs his shoe on his desk at UN General Assembly session
1960 – Inejiro Asanuma is assassinated in Japan by Otoya Yamaguchi, a 17-year-old. The camera was rolling at that time.
1961 – “Let It Ride” opens at Eugene O’Neill Theater NYC for 68 performances
1961 – USSR performs nuclear test at Eastern Kazakh/Semipalitinsk USSR
1962 – US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1962 – US/USSR sign joint space effort in telecommunications & meteorology
1962 – Infamous Columbus Day Storm strikes the U.S. Pacific Northwest with record wind velocities; 46 dead and at least U.S. $230 million in damages
1963 – “Student Gypsy” closes at 84th St Theater NYC after 16 performances
1963 – Archaeological digs begin at Masada, Israel
1963 – At 4 am, traffic on Bay Bridge is 1-way on each deck

First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union Nikita Khrushchev

1964 – 1st time 3 people in space
1964 – KCSM TV channel 60 in San Mateo-SF, CA (PBS) begins
1964 – Launch of Voskhod 1, first 3 man crew (Komarov, Feokistov, Yegorov)
1964 – WSBK TV channel 38 in Boston, MA (IND/ABC/CBS/NBC) begin
1964 – WUCM TV channel 19 in University Center, MI (PBS) begins broadcasting
1966 – Jimi Hendrix Experience forms with Jimi Hendrix, Noel Redding & Mitch Mitchell
1967 – St Louis Cards beat Boston Red Sox, 4 games to 3 in 64th World Series as Lou Brock steals a record 7 bases in 1 World Series
1968 – “Noel Coward’s Sweet Potato” closes at Barrymore NYC after 17 perfs
1968 – 19th Olympic games open at Mexico City, Mexico
1968 – Equatorial Guinea (Spanish Guinea) declares independence from Spain
1968 – Norma Enriqueta Basilio Satelo is 1st woman to light Olympic flame
1969 – 1st time 5 people in space
1969 – KDB-AM in Santa Barbara CA changes call letters to KAPN
Rock Guitarist Jimi Hendrix

1969 – KHOF (now KAGL) TV ch 30 in San Bernardino/Glenda, CA (IND) begins
1969 – Soyuz 7 is launched
1970 – Rock Memorabilia Auction at Filmore East
1971 – “Jesus Christ Superstar” opens at Mark Hellinger NYC for 711 perfs
1972 – “Hurry, Harry” opens at Ritz Theater NYC for 2 performances
1972 – 46 sailors injured in race riot on aircraft carrier Kitty Hawk
1972 – Billy Harris failed in 1st Islander penalty shot
1972 – Mariner 9 takes pictures of Martian north pole
1972 – MLB American League Championship: Oakland Athletics beat Detroit Tigers, 3 games to 2
1973 – Israeli counter offensive in southern Syria
1973 – Juan Peron elected President of Argentina
1973 – Nixon nominates Gerald Ford to replace Spiro Agnew as VP
38th US President Gerald Ford

1974 – 1st time Wash Caps are shutout as they are beat 6-0 by Minnesota
1975 – Archbishop Oliver Plunkett became 1st Irish-born saint in 7 centuries
1975 – Jacqueline Hansen runs women’s world record marathon (2:38:19)
1975 – NASA launches space vehicle S-195
1976 – 4th Space Shuttle Enterprise, approach & land test (ALT) flight
1976 – Hua Guo-feng succeeds Mao Zedong as chairman of Communist Party
1976 – MLB National League Championship: Cincinnati Reds beat Philadelphia Phillies, 3 games to 0
1977 – “Throwaway Game” Catfish Hunter loses WS 6-1 resting Yank pitchers
1977 – 4th test of space shuttle Enterprise
1977 – Psychic Romark attempts to drive blindfolded, smashed into cop van
1977 – US Supreme Court heard arguments in “reverse discrimination” case of Allan Bakke, white student denied admission to University of California Med School
1978 – Representatives of Israel & Egypt open talks in Washington
Musician Sid Vicious

1978 – Sid Vicious charged with murder of girlfriend Nancy Spungen
1979 – Pressure in nucleus of tropical cyclone at Guam hits record 870 hpa
1979 – The lowest recorded non-tornadic atmospheric pressure, 87.0 kPa (870 mbar or 25.69 inHg), occurred in the Western Pacific during Typhoon Tip.
1980 – “Your Arm’s Too Short to Box” closes at Ambassador NYC after 149 perfs
1980 – 7 stabbed at Blood, Sweat & Tears concert in LA
1980 – Amy Alcott wins LPGA Inamori Golf Classic
1980 – MLB National League Championship: Philadelphia Phillies beat Houston Astros, 3 games to 2
1981 – “Marlowe” opens at Rialto Theater NYC for 48 performances
1981 – 15th Country Music Association Award: Barbara Mandrell & George Jones wins
1982 – 38.6 cm (15.2″) of rainfall, Angoon Alaska (state record)
1982 – Milwaukee Brewer Paul Molitor getrs world sereis record 5 hits
1983 – 5225 Loral & 5424 Covington
British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher

1984 – IRA bombs hotel where British PM Margaret Thatcher is staying, 5 die
1985 – Challenger moves to Vandenberg AFB for mating of STS 61A mission
1985 – Intl Physicians for Prevention of Nuclear War receives Nobel Prize
1985 – US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1986 – California Angels within 1 pitch of pennant victory lose to Red Sox
1986 – Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh visit the People’s Republic of China
1987 – 21st Country Music Association Award: Hank William Jr wins
1987 – George Harrison releases “Got My Mind Set On You”
1987 – Minnesota Twins beat Detroit Tigers for AL pennant
1987 – Oscar Arias (Costa Rican Pres) wins Nobel Peace Prize
1987 – MLB American League Championship: Minnesota Twins beat Detroit Tigers, 4 games to 1
1988 – George W H Bush & Michael Dukakis meet in 2nd debate
Singer-Songwriter George Harrison

1988 – Israel & China sign trade deal, plan diplomatic relations
1988 – Pope John Paul II is the target of anti-papal heckling by Protestant leader Ian Paisley at a European Parliament meeting in Strasbourgh, France
1988 – MLB National League Championship: Los Angeles Dodgers beat New York Mets, 4 games to 3
1989 – Herschel Walker is traded from Cowboys to Vikings for 12 players
1989 – Musical “Buddy” with Paul Hipp premieres in London
1990 – US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1990 – MLB National League Championship: Cincinnati Reds beat Pittsburgh Pirates, 4 games to 2
1991 – Boxer Hector Comacho arrested for driving while getting oral sex
1991 – Mike Lerch of Princeton ties NCAA record with 370 receiving yards
1991 – Statler Brothers Show premieres on TNN
1991 – Wrestler Rip Oliver forced to retire after being injured by Crush
264th Pope John Paul II

1991 – Doug Flutie of BC Lions sets CFL passing record of 582 yards despite losing to Edmonton 45-38 in overtime
1992 – 5.8 earthquake at Cairo (at least 510 die)
1992 – Arecibo radio telescope begins Microwave search for occupied planets
1992 – Brett “Hitman” Hart beats Ric Flair for WWF Heavyweight title
1992 – Expo ’92 closes in Seville Spain
1992 – Howard Stern radio show premieres in Albany NY (WQBK 103.5 & 103.9 FM)
1992 – Microwave Observing Project begins (seeking alien life)
1992 – Wash Redskin Art Monk sets NFL record with 820th reception
1993 – “Mixed Emotions” opens at John Golden Theater NYC for 48 performances
1993 – MLB American League Championship: Toronto Blue Jays beat Chicago White Sox, 4 games to 2
1994 – Contact with Venus orbitter Magellan broken
1994 – Iranian Fokker F28 explode between Isfahan & Teheran: 66 killed
1995 – “Patti LuPone on Broadway” opens at Walter Kerr NYC for 46 perfs
1997 – David Duval wins Michelob Championship at Kingsmill Golf Club
1997 – Juli Inkster wins LPGA Samsung World Championship
1997 – Transamerica Senior Golf
1997 – Sidi Daoud massacre in Algeria; 43 killed at a fake roadblock.
1999 – Pervez Musharraf takes power in Pakistan from Nawaz Sharif through a bloodless coup.
1999 – The Day of Six Billion: the proclaimed 6 billionth living human in the world is born.
1999 – Pat LaFontaine formally retires from the NHL due to lingering concussion problems
2000 – The USS Cole is badly damaged in Aden, Yemen, by two suicide bombers, killing 17 crew members and wounding at least 39
2002 – Terrorists explode two bombs in Bali’s nightclub district killing 202 and injuring 209 mostly foreign tourists
2003 – 54th Formula One WDC: Michael Schumacher wins by two points
2005 – The second Chinese human spaceflight Shenzhou 6 launched carrying Fèi Jùnlóng and Niè Hǎishèng for five days in orbit.
2008 – Anna Kournikova and Andy Roddick defeat Martina Navratilova and Jesse Levine in a match for charity, raising over $400,000 for the Elton John AIDS Foundation and Atlanta AIDS Partnership Fund
2012 – The United Nations Security Council unanimously approves of an African-led force to oust Islamist militants in northern Mali
Tennis Player Anna Kournikova

2012 – The European Union wins the 2012 Nobel Peace Prize, sparking a series of critical commentary
2013 – 50 people are killed after a truck veers of a cliff in  La Convencion Province, Peru
2013 – 15 people are killed by a series of explosions in a fireworks factory in Vietnam
2013 – Timothy Bradley defeats Juan Manuel Márquez to win the WBA Welterweight boxing title
2014 – Evo Morales is re-elected President of Bolivia

BIRTHDAYS

1008 – Emperor Go-Ichijō of Japan (d. 1036)
1350 – Dmitry Donskoy, Grand Prince of Moscovy (d. 1389)
1490 – Bernardo Pisano, composer
1537 – Edward VI, Tudor, King of England (1547-53)
1558 – Archduke Maximilian III of Austria (d. 1618)
1558 – Jacques Sirmond, French scholar and Jesuit (d. 1651)
1576 – Thomas Dudley, English-born American colonial magistrate (d. 1653)
1602 – William Chillingworth, English religious leader (d. 1644)
1686 – Silvius Leopold Weiss, composer
1710 – Jonathan Trumbull, American politician and statesman (d. 1785)
1712 – William Shippen, American physician and statesman (d. 1801)
1725 – Etienne Louis Geoffroy, French pharmacist and entomologist (d. 1810)
1742 – Johan Peter Melchior, German sculptor
1759 – Frantisek Vaclav Tomes, composer
1762 – John W Janssens, gov-gen of Cape colony/Dutch-Indies 1811
1763 – John Ross, composer
1792 – Christian Gmelin, German chemist (d. 1860)
1798 – A J Pedro I van Alcantara, Kaiser of Brazil (1822-31)/king of Portugal
1798 – Charles Albert, King of Sardinia (1831-49)
1801 – Friedrich Frey-Herosé, Swiss statesman (d. 1873)
1807 – John Tideman, Dutch Remonstrant theologist
1808 – John Liptrot Hatton, composer
1813 – Lyman Trumbull, MC (Union) (d. 1896)
1815 – William Joseph Hardee, Lt Gen (Confederate Army), (d. 1873)
1822 – Joseph Haydn Potter, Brigadier General (Union volunteers), (d. 1892)
1832 – Walter T Watts-Dunton, England, lawyer/poet/writer (Aylwin)
1840 – Helena Modjeska, Poland, Shakespearian actress (Juliet)/anti-Russian
1844 – George W Cable, American writer (Northampton Years)
1845 – Amintore Galli, composer
1855 – Arthur Nikisch, Szent-Miklos Hungary, conductor (Berlin Philharmonic)
1855 – August Sauer, Austria literature historian (Euphorion)
1855 – Jacobus of Looy, Dutch writer/painter (Death of My Cat) [or 9/12]
1860 – Elmer A Sperry, inventor (gyrocompass)
1865 – Arthur Harden, English chemist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1940)
1866 – Antonie Waldrop, painter/lithographer
1866 – James Ramsay MacDonald, (L) British PM (1924, 1929-35)
1872 – Ralph Vaughan Williams, Down Amp England, composer (Hugh the Drover)
1874 – Jimmy Burke, American baseball player (d. 1942)
1875 – Aleister [Edward S] Crowley, (75 pseudonames), British occultist
1878 – Karl Buresch, Austria politician
1880 – Healey Willan, composer
1880 – Louis Hémon, French novelist (d. 1913)
1881 – Carlos Lopez Buchardo, composer
1881 – William Nigh, Berlin Wisconsin, director (Ape, Doomed to Die, Mr Wong)
1882 – Hermann Wolfgang Sartorius Waltershausen, German musicologist/composer
1884 – Godfrey Tearle, English/US actor (39 Steps)
1886 – Karl Dane, Copenhagen Denmark, actor (Son of the Sheik)
1887 – Paula von Preradović, Croatian-Austrian poet (d. 1951)
1890 – Luis de Freitas Branco, composer
1891 – Edith Stein, German philosopher
1892 – Gilda dalla Rizza, Italian soprano (d. 1975)
1893 – Pall Isolfsson, composer
1893 – Velvalee Dickinson, American spy (d. 1980)
1894 – Charles Hodge, California, NYU professor (Answers for Americans)
1894 – Elisabeth A de Vreugd, chambermaid of Dutch queen
1896 – Eugenio Montale, Italy, poet/translator (Xenia-Nobel 1975)
1902 – Dirk A M Binnendijk, critic (Authoritarian Regimes in Transistion)
1903 – Grayson Kirk, Jeffersonville Ohio, educator
1904 – Ding Ling, Chinese writer (d. 1986)
1904 – Lester Dent, American writer (d. 1959)
1905 – Rick Ferrell, baseball Hall of Fame catcher
1906 – Edmund Charles Wolf Myers, soldier/engineer
1906 – Joe Cronin, baseball (Pirates, Red Sox, Senators, MVP 1930, AL Pres)
1906 – Willy Hess, Swiss musicologist, composer and famous Beethoven scholar
1907 – Wolfgang Fortner, composer
1908 – Ann Lane Petry, US journalist/author (Street)
1908 – Paul Engle, American writer (d. 1991)
1909 – Josephine Hutchinson, actress (Story of Louis Pasteur), born in Seattle, Washington
1909 – Zellig S Harris, US linguist
1910 – Robert Fitzgerald, American poet and translator (d. 1985)
1910 – Bob Sheppard, American baseball announcer
1911 – Louis M de Guiringaud, French foreign minister (1976-78)
1911 – Vijay Merchant, cricketer (all-time great Indian batsman)
1913 – William James Moyce, armaments scientist
1916 – Alice Childress, American actress and playwright (d. 1994)
1917 – Hans Bentz van den Berg, Dutch actor (Last Train)
1918 – Emil Cossetto, composer
1919 – Andre Casanova, composer
1919 – Gilles Beaudoin, Quebec politician (d. 2007)
1920 – Christy Ring, Irish hurler (d. 1979)
1921 – Jaroslav Drobny, Czech, hockey (Oly-gold-1948), tennis (Wimb-1954)
1923 – Jean Nidetch, businesswoman and founder of Weight Watchers, born in Brooklyn, New York
1923 – Goody Petronelli, American boxing trainer and manager
1924 – Doris Grau, American actress (d. 1995)
1925 – Bill Parkhouse, cricketer (England batsman in 7 Tests 1950-59)
1925 – Fons Jansen, news reader/Dutch cabaretier (court jester of beliefs)
1925 – Guitar Gabriel Robert Lewis Jones, singer/guitarist
1925 – William Steinkraus, equestrian (Oly-gold/2 sil/br-52/56/60/64/68/72)
1925 – Denis Lazure, Quebec politician (d. 2008)
1926 – Hans Liebold, Germany, auto racer (Nardo, Italy)
1927 – Antonia Rey, Havana Cuba, actress (True Colors, Wise Guys)
1928 – Thomas Burnett Swann, US, sci-fi author (Day of Minotaur)
1928 – Al Held, US, painter/sculptor (hard edge-style)
1929 – Robert Coles, Milton Mass, author (Anna Freud, Pulitzer 1973)
1929 – Magnús Magnússon, Icelandic television presenter (d. 2007)
1930 – Jack S Gottlieb, composer
1931 – Raoul Pleskow, composer
1932 – Dick Gregory, comedian/political activist/dietician (Bahamian Diet)
1932 – Dusan Makavejev, Belgrade Yugoslavia, director (Man is Not a Bird)
1932 – Jake Edwin Garn, (Sen-R-Utah, 1974- )/astronaut (STS 51D)
1932 – Mayer Joel Mandelbaum, composer
1932 – Ned Jarrett, Conover, North Carolina, American race car driver and announcer (50 Grand National victories)
1933 – Broos van Erp, Dutch MP (VVD)
1933 – Guido Molinari, Canadian painter (d. 2004)
1934 – Richard Meier, American architect
1934 – Albert Shiryaev, Russian mathematician
Operatic Tenor Luciano Pavarotti (1935)

1935 – Luciano Pavarotti, Modena Italy, operatic tenor (Oh Giorgio, 3 Tenors), (d. 2007)
1935 – Sam Moore, rock vocalist (Sam & Dave-Soul Sister), born in Miami, Florida
1935 – William Raspberry, Okolona, Mississippi, columnist (Pulitzer 1994), (d. 2012)
1936 – Tony Kubek, shortstop (NY Yankees)/sportscaster (NBC-TV, Madison Square Garden)
1937 – Robert Mangold, American artist
1938 – Bob Miller, American NHL broadcaster
1939 – Carolee Schneemann, Fox Chase Pennsylvania, American performance artist
1941 – Craig A Washington, (Rep-D-Texas)
1941 – Michael Mansfield, English barrister
1942 – Daliah Lavi, Shavel Zion Israel, actress (Casino Royale, Lord Jim)
1942 – Melvin Franklin, Montgomery Alabama, musician (The Temptations)
1944 – Angela Rippon, British television personality
1945 – Aurore Clément, French actress
1946 – Ashok Mankad, cricketer (son of Vinoo, batted for India 1969-78)
1947 – Chris Wallace, newscaster (NBC Weekend News), born in Chicago, Illinois
1947 – George Lam, Hong Kong singer
1948 – Rick Parfitt, Surrey England, pop guitarist/singer (Status Quo-Wanderer)
1949 – Ilich Ramírez Sánchez, Venezuelan international terrorist
1949 – Stan Hansen, American professional wrestler
1950 – Susan Anton, Oak Glen California, actress (Golden Girl, Spring Fever)
1950 – Robin Askwith, English actor
1950 – Dave Freudenthal, American politician
1950 – Kaga Takeshi, Japanese actor
1951 – Bernie Ruoff, West Germany, CFL kicker (Winnipeg, Hamilton)
1951 – Ed Royce, American politician (Rep-R-California)
1951 – Sally Little, Cape Town South Africa, LPGA golfer (1982 Dinah Shore)
1952 – Danielle Proulx, Quebec actress
1953 – Serge Lepeltier, French politician
1954 – Tom Blomberg, Dutch radio host/producer (Evening Rush Hour)
1955 – Pat Dinizio, rock vocalist (Smithereens)
1955 – Ante Gotovina, Croatian general
1955 – Jane Siberry, Canadian musician
1956 – David Vanian, British singer, (The Damned)
1957 – Kristen Bjorn, British film director
1958 – Jeff Keith, rock vocalist (Tesla-Psychotic Supper)
1958 – Bryn Merrick, British musician, (The Damned)
1959 – Abigail Kingsley Alling, executive (Biosphere 2), born in NYC, New York
1959 – Anna Escobedo Cabral, 42nd Treasurer of the United States
1960 – Lionel Washington, cornerback (Oakland Raiders)
1960 – Stephen Brent Lowery, Birmingham AL, PGA golfer (1994 Sprint)
1962 – Dhammika Ranatunga, cricketer (bro of Arjuna Sri Lankan batsman 1990)
1962 – Sid Fernandez, Honolulu Hawaii, pitcher (NY Mets, Philadelphia Phillies)
1962 – Carlos Bernard, American actor
1962 – Chris Botti, American jazz musician
1962 – Branko Crvenkovski, Macedonian President
1963 – Michael Zordich, NFL strong safety (Philadelphia Eagles)
1963 – Randy Wood, Princeton, NHL left wing (Dallas Stars)
1963 – Lane Frost, American professional bull rider, (d. 1989)
1963 – Satoshi Kon, Japanese anime director
1963 – Alan McDonald, Northern Irish footballer, (d. 2012)
1964 – Darrick Heath, Hempstead NY, team handball left back (Olympics-1996)
1964 – Fanie De Villers, cricketer (great South African pace bowler 1993- )
1964 – Jo Ann Willette, actress (Constance-Just 10 of Us, Real Genius)
1965 – Chris Chandler, NFL quarterback (Houston Oilers, Atlanta Falcons)
1965 – J Daigneault, NHL defenseman (Pitts Penguins), born in Montreal, Quebec
1965 – Larry Silveira, Walnut Creek CA, Nike golfer (NIKE Knoxville Open-2nd)
1965 – Todd Krygier, Chicago Heights, NHL left wing (Anaheim, Washington)
1965 – Scott O’Grady, American military officer
1966 – Mel Rojas, Haina Dom Rep, pitcher (Montreal Expos)
1966 – Wim Jonk, Dutch soccer star (Ajax)
1966 – Brian Kennedy, Northern Irish musician and author
1966 – Jonathan Crombie, Canadian actor (Anne of Green Gables), born in Toronto, Ontario (d. 2015)
1967 – Becky Iverson, Escanaba MI, LPGA golfer (1995 Friendly’s Classic)
1968 – Adam Rich, actor (Nicholas-8 is Enough, Code Red, Gun Shy), born in NYC, New York
1968 – Charles Anthony, CFL defensive back (Toronto Argonauts)
1968 – Leon Lett, NFL defensive tackle (Dallas Cowboys)
1968 – Mike Trombley, Springfield MA, pitcher (Minnesota Twins)
1968 – Bill Auberlen, American race car driver
Actor Hugh Jackman(1968)

1968 – Hugh Jackman, Australian actor and singer (X-men, Real Steel)
1969 – Alison Peek, Australia, field hockey halfback/midfielder (Olympics-96)
1969 – Dave Chaytors, CFL defensive tackle (BC Lions)
1969 – David Collins, Bethpage NY, rower (Olympics-bronze-1996)
1969 – Jose Valentin, Manati Puerto Rico, infielder (Milwaukee Brewers)
1969 – Kimberly Ann Grimm, Mt Lake Park Md, Miss Maryland-America (1991)
1969 – Nancy Ann Kerrigan, Woburn Mass, figure skater (Olympics-silver-1994)
1969 – Terry Ray, NFL strong safety (NE Patriots)
1969 – Martie Maguire, American musician (Dixie Chicks)
1970 – Amy Beth Keller, Great Bend Kansas, Miss America (Kansas-Top 10-1996)
1970 – Charlie Ward, NBA guard (NY Knicks)/Heisman Trophy winner (1993)
1970 – Herman Arvie, NFL tackle (Cleveland Browns)
1970 – Karen Courtland, Orange NJ, pairs skaters (Olympics-1994)
1970 – Kimberly Hoskins, Yuma Arizona, Miss Arizona-America (1991)
1970 – Kirk Cameron, Panorama City California, actor (Mike-Growing Pains)
1970 – Tanyon Sturtze, American baseball player
1971 – Bronzel Miller, WLAF linebacker (Amsterdam Admirals)
1971 – Pavol Rybar, hockey goaltender (Team Slovakia 1998)
1971 – Ahn Jae Wook, South Korean actor, composer and singer
1971 – Tony Fiore, American baseball player
1972 – Jeroen Egge, WLAF offensive linesman (Amsterdam Admirals)
1972 – Neriah Davis, playmate (Mar, 1994), born in Los Angeles, California
1972 – Singor Mobley, safety (Dallas Cowboys)
1972 – Tom van Mol, soccer player (PSV)
1972 – Irina Pantaeva, Russian supermodel and actress
1972 – Juan Manuel Silva, Argentine racing driver
1972 – Tom Van Mol, Belgian football player
1973 – Rodney Mack, professional wrestler
1974 – Karmyn Tyler, Shreveport Louisiana, Miss America-Louisiana (1996)
1974 – Miroslav Satan, Topolcany CZE, NHL forward (Team Slovakia, Edmonton)
1974 – Rachyl Hoskins, Miss USA-Kentucky (1997)
1974 – Stephen Lee, English snooker player
1974 – Marie Wilson, Canadian actress
1975 – Scott Von Der Ahe, linebacker (Indianapolis Colts)
1975 – Marion Jones, track and field athlete/drug cheat (5 forfeited Olympic medals), born in Los Angeles, California
1976 – Sarah Lane, American television personality
1977 – Carmen Carrillo Vilanova, Miss El Salvador Universe (1997)
1977 – Bode Miller, American alpine ski-racer
1977 – Javier Toyo, Venezuelan footballer
1977 – Jay Jenkins, American rapper also known as “Young Jeezy”
1978 – Baden Cooke, Australian cyclist
1979 – Jordan Pundik, American singer (New Found Glory)
1981 – Shola Ameobi, English footballer
Track and Field Athlete/Drug Cheat Marion Jones (1975)

1981 – Tom Guiry, American actor
1981 – Brian Kerr, Scottish footballer
1981 – Sneha, Indian actress
1982 – Molly Bennett, Irish singer
1983 – Alex Brosque, Australian footballer
1985 – Mike Green, Canadian ice hockey player
1986 – Marcus T. Paulk, American actor
1986 – Sergio Peter, German footballer
1990 – Henri Lansbury, English footballer
1992 – Taylor Horn, American singer and actress
1992 – Josh Hutcherson, American actor
1997 – Prince Boris of Bulgaria

WEDDINGS

1810 – First Oktoberfest: The Bavarian royalty invites the citizens of Munich to join the celebration of the marriage of Crown Prince Ludwig of Bavaria to Princess Therese von Sachsen-Hildburghausen.
1822 – “The Hunchback of Notre Dame” author Victor Hugo (20) weds Adele Fourcher
1893 – Education pioneer Booker T. Washington (37) weds Margaret James Murray
1929 – US military leader George Marshall (48) weds Katherine Tupper
1942 – Jazz musician Louis Armstrong (41) weds dancer Lucille Wilson (28)
Actor Dustin Hoffman(1980)

1980 – Oscar-winning actor Dustin Hoffman (43) weds businesswoman Lisa Gottsegen (26) in Roxbury, Connecticut
1991 – Steven Spielberg weds Kate Capshaw
1997 – “Malcolm X” actress Angela Bassett (39) weds actor Courtney B. Vance (38) in Los Angeles
2003 – Actor Danny Nucci (35) weds actress Paula Marshall (39) in Los Angeles
2012 – Comedian and ventriloquist Jeff Dunham (50) weds fitness model Audrey Murdick (32) at the Sunstone Vineyards in Santa Ynez, California
2013 – “Charmed” tv actress Rose McGowan (40) weds artist Davey Detail at the Paramour Mansion in Los Angeles, California
2013 – Actor Ben Feldman (33) weds longtime girlfriend Michelle Mulitz at Smokey Glen Farm in Gaithersburg, Maryland
2013 – Grammy award-winning record producer Pharrell Williams (40) weds model Helen Lasichanh in Miami, Florida
Singer Pharrell Williams(2013)

2013 – “30 Rock” actor Keith Powell weds visual artist Jill Knox at Tribeca Rooftop in NYC, New York
2013 – Former Guns N’ Roses Matt Sorum (52) weds singer and dancer Adriane Harper in Palm Springs, California
2013 – Olympic diving champion Greg Louganis (53) weds paralegal Johnny Chaillot in Malibu, California

DIVORCES

None

DEATHS

632 – Edwin of Deira, King of Northumbria and Bretwalda
638 – Honorius I, [dux plebis], Italian Pope, dies
642 – John IV, Dalmatian born Pope (640-42), dies
642 – Pope John IV
1093 – Robrecht de Fries, earl of Flanders (1071-93), dies at about 62
1095 – Margrave Leopold II of Austria (b. 1050)
1176 – William d’Aubigny, 1st Earl of Arundel, English politician
1320 – Michael IX Paleologi, emperor of Byzantine (1295-1320), dies
1343 – Reinald II, duke of Gelre, dies
1491 – Fritz Herlen, German artist
1492 – Piero della Francesca, Italian painter
1565 – Jean Ribault, French explorer and colonizer (b. 1520)
1576 – Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor (1564-76), dies
1590 – Kano Eitoku, Japanese painter (b. 1543)
1600 – Luis Molina, Spanish Jesuit (b. 1535)
1632 – Kutsuki Mototsuna, Japanese samurai commander (b. 1549)
1646 – Francois De Bassompierre, marshal of France, dies
1654 – Dirck Graswinckel, Dutch copurt clerk of States-General, dies at 66
1654 – Rembrandt Carel Fabritius, painter, is injured in the Delft Explosion and later dies of his injuries
1672 – Frederik of Nassau, count of Buren, slain in battle
1678 – Edmund Berry Godfrey, English magistrate (b. 1621)
1679 – William Gurnall, English writer (b. 1617)
1685 – Geeraerdt Burns, theologist/poet/historian, dies at 59
1685 – Christoph Ignaz Abele, Austrian jurist (b. 1628)
1692 – Giovanni Battista Vitali, composer, dies at 60
1694 – Matsuo Basho, greatest Japanese haiku poet, dies
1730 – Frederik IV, king of Denmark/Norway (1699-1730), dies
1758 – Richard Molesworth, 3rd Viscount Molesworth, British field marshal (b. 1680)
1791 – A L Karschin, writer, dies at 68
1794 – James Lyon, composer, dies at 59
1797 – Pierre de Jelyotte, composer, dies at 84
1817 – Johann Franz Xaver Sterkel, composer, dies at 66
1820 – Elias Annes Borger, theologist/poet (Ode on the Rhine), dies at 36
1829 – Jacobus Blue, Dutch regent/patriot, dies at about 73
1837 – Frederica Louisa Wilhelmina, Queen of Netherlands, dies at 62
1844 – Claude Tillier, French journalist/writer (My Uncle Benjamin), dies
English Social Reformer Elizabeth Fry (1845)

1845 – Elizabeth Fry, British social reformer and philanthropist (b. 1780)
1858 – Ando Hiroshige, Japanese painter, dies at 61
1860 – Henry G W Smith, leader of British-Indian forces, dies at 73
1864 – Roger Taney, 5th Supreme Court Chief Justice (1836-64), dies at 87
1865 – William Vincent Wallace, composer, dies at 53
1870 – Robert E. Lee, US General of Confederate Army, dies at 63
1875 – Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux, French sculptor and painter (b. 1827)
1896 – Christian Emil Krag-Juel-Vind-Frijs, Danish nobleman and politician (b. 1817)
1898 – Calvin Fairbank, American abolitionist minister (b. 1816)
1915 – Edith L Cavell, British nurse, executed by Germans in Belgium (WW II)
1922 – Daisy M C Baers, Flemish philosophy/theory, dies at 33
1923 – A P “Bunny” Lucas, cricketer (five Tests for England 1879-82), dies
1924 – Anatole France, writer, dies at 80
Confederate General Robert E. Lee (1870)

1924 – Monroe A Althouse, composer, dies at 71
1929 – Max Ettlinger, German philosopher/theorist, dies at 52
1934 – Gertrude Käsebier, American photographer dies aged 82
1936 – B L T Bosanquet, cricketer (1st great googly bowler, England), dies
1938 – Hugh Massie, cricketer (9 Tests for Australia 1881-85, capt), dies
1940 – Tom Mix, American actor (Texan, Hidden Gold), dies at 60
1945 – Jesse James Payne, a sharecropper, lynched in Madison County, Florida
1946 – Joseph W Stilwell, US general (China), dies
1947 – Nelson Betancourt, cricket wicketkeeper (WI Test 1930), dies at 42
1948 – Alfred Kerr, writer, dies at 80
1948 – Susan Sutherland Isaacs, educational psychologist and psychoanalyst (b. 1885).
1951 – Simon Kimbangu/Kibangu, Congo prophet, dies in captivity at 62
1954 – George Welch, American pilot (b. 1918)
1958 – Ed Hinton, actor (Henderson-I Lived 3 Lives), dies at 30
1958 – Gerard Hordijk, Dutch architect/painter, dies at 59
1958 – Gordon Griffith, American actor, director, and producer (b. 1907)
1959 – Arnoldt Bronnen, writer, dies at 63
1960 – Inejiro Asanuma, leader Japanese Socialist Party, murdered at 61
1964 – J Howard Frazer, USTA pres, dies in office
1966 – Arthur Vincent Lourie, composer, dies at 74
1967 – Nat Pendleton, Olympic wrestler/actor (Reckless), dies at 72
1967 – Ram Manohar Lohia, Indian Socialist politician leader
1969 – Serge Poliakoff, Russ/French painter, dies
1969 – Sonja Henie, figure skater (Olympic-gold-1928, 32, 36), dies at 57
1970 – Mustafa Zaidi, Pakistani poet (b. 1930)
1971 – Dean G Acheson, US foreign minister (1949-53), dies at 78
1971 – Gene Vincent, rocker, dies of bleeding ulcers at 36
1974 – Joseph Frederick Wagner, composer, dies at 74
1977 – Doris Davenport, actress (Behind the News, Westerner), dies at 81
1979 – Celia Lovsky, Austrian-American actress (Man of a Thousand Faces), dies from natural causes at 82
1982 – Chris[tiaan R] Reumer, Dutch opera singer, dies at 73
1983 – Jiri Lederer, Czechoslovakia journalist/dissident, dies at 61
1983 – The Grand Wizard of Wrestling, Wrestling manager
1984 – Sir Anthony Berry, British politician (bombing victim) (b. 1925)
1985 – Johnny Olsen, TV announcer (Price is Right), dies at 75
1985 – Ricky Wilson, rock guitarist (B-52’s), dies of AIDS at 32
1987 – Alfred M Landon, former Kansas Gov, dies at his Topeka home at 100
1987 – Philleo Nash, US Bureau of Indian Affairs (1961-67), dies at 77
1988 – Ken Murray, actor (Bill & Coo, Crooner, Half-Marriage), dies at 85
1988 – Ruth Manning-Sanders, author of children’s books (b. 1895)
1989 – Franco, [Francis Luambo/”Makiadi”], Zaire composer/music, dies at 51
1989 – Jay Ward, American cartoonist (Rocky & His Friends), dies at 69 of kidney cancer
1990 – Max Tailleur, adjunct prince Bernhard/Jewish humorist, dies
1990 – Rifaat Maghub, president Egyptian MP, murdered
1991 – Aline MacMahon, US actress (Backdoor to Heaven), dies at 92
1991 – Regis Toomey, actor (Dive Bomber, Cry Danger, Magic Town), dies at 89
1991 – Sheila Florance, Australian actress (Cactus), dies of cancer at 75
1991 – Arkady Strugatsky, Russian novelist (b. 1925)
1992 – Alexander Pola, [Abraham Polak], actor/writer (Farce Major), dies
1992 – John Hancock, actor (LA Law, Love & War), dies of a heart attack at 51
1992 – Ulysses Guimaraes, Brazilian MP (chairman), dies in accident
1993 – Leon Ames, actor (Father of the Bride), dies at 91 of stroke
1993 – Tofik Bakhramov, Russian footballer (b. 1926)
1994 – Gérald Godin, Québécois poet and politician (b. 1938)
1995 – Eleanor Aller, cellist, dies at 78
1995 – Gary Bond, actor (Outback, Zulu, Anne of Thousand Days), dies at 55
1996 – David Gilroy Bevan, politician, dies at 86
1996 – Jack Robertson, cricketer (Midsex & Eng open bat 11 Tests), dies at 79
1996 – Pavel Alexandrovich Solovyov, aero-engine designer, dies at 79
1996 – Trevor Illtyd williams, scientific writer, dies at 75
1996 – Vernon Elliott, musician/composer, dies at 84
Country Singer John Denver(1997)
1997 – John Denver, American country music star (Country Boy), dies in a plane crash at 53
1998 – Mario Beaulieu, French Canadian politician (b. 1930)
1998 – Matthew Shepard, American murder victim (b. 1976)
1999 – Wilt Chamberlain, American basketball player, dies of congestive heart failure at 63
1999 – Robert Marsden Hope, Australian Justice and Royal Commissioner (b. 1919)
2001 – Quintin Hogg, Baron Hailsham of St Marylebone, British politician (b. 1907)
2002 – Ray Conniff, American bandleader and musician (b. 1916)
2002 – Audrey Mestre, French diver (b. 1974)
2003 – Jim Cairns, Australian politician (b. 1914)
2003 – Joan Kroc, American philanthropist (b. 1928)
2003 – Willie Shoemaker, American jockey (b. 1931)
NBA Legend Wilt Chamberlain (1999)
2005 – C. Delores Tucker, American politician and civil rights activist (b. 1927)
2006 – Gillo Pontecorvo, Italian film director (b. 1919)
2007 – Kisho Kurokawa, Japanese architect (b. 1934)
2008 – Karl Chircop, Maltese politician (b. 1965)
2009 – Frank Vandenbroucke, Belgian cyclist (b. 1974)
2009 – Dickie Peterson American musician (b. 1948)
2010 – Woody Peoples, American football player (b. 1943)
2010 – Belva Plain, American novelist (b. 1919)
2011 – Heinz Bennent, German actor (b. 1921)
2011 – Patricia Breslin, American actress (b. 1931)
2011 – Dennis Ritchie, American computer scientist (b. 1941)
2013 – Oscar Hijuelos, American author, dies from a heart attack at 62

ALSO ON THIS DAY

• Lead Story

• 1492 Columbus reaches the New World

• American Revolution

• 1776 British troops head up East River

• Automotive

• 1940 Silent-film star Tom Mix dies in Arizona car wreck; brained by “Suitcase of Death”

• Civil War

• 1870 Robert E. Lee dies

• Cold War

• 1960 Nikita Khrushchev throws a tantrum at the United Nations

• Crime

• 1998 The victim of an anti-gay assault dies

• Disaster

• 1918 Fire rages in Minnesota

• General Interest

• 1810 The origin of Oktoberfest
• 1915 British nurse executed in WWI
• 1945 Conscientious objector wins Medal of Honor
• 1964 USSR leads the space race
• 2000 USS Cole attacked by terrorists
• 2002 Terrorists kill 202 in Bali

• Hollywood

• 2007 Al Gore wins Nobel Prize in the wake of An Inconvenient Truth

• Literary

• 1912 Actress, playwright, novelist Alice Childress is born

• Music

• 1997 John Denver dies in an aircraft accident

• Old West

• 1940 The Cowboy actor Tom Mix dies in an Arizona car accident

• Presidential

• 1786 Thomas Jefferson composes romantic letter

• Sports

• 1929 Athletics score 10 in eighth inning of championship game

• Vietnam War

• 1967 Dean Rusk criticizes Congress while fighting continues in South Vietnam
• 1970 Nixon announces another round of troop withdrawals
• 1972 Racial violence breaks out aboard U.S. Navy ships

• World War I

• 1915 British nurse Edith Cavell executed

• World War II

• 1946 Gen. Joseph Stilwell dies

1809 – Meriwether Lewis dies along the Natchez Trace, Tennessee

On this day in 1809, the famous explorer Meriwether Lewis dies under mysterious circumstances in the early hours of the morning after stopping for the night at Grinder’s Tavern along the Natchez Trace in Tennessee.

Three years earlier, Lewis and his co-commander, William Clark, had completed their brilliant exploration of the newly acquired Louisiana Territory and the Pacific Northwest. Justly famous and celebrated throughout the nation as a result, Lewis nonetheless found his return to civilized eastern life difficult. President Thomas Jefferson appointed him as governor of Louisiana Territory, but Lewis soon discovered that the complex politics and power struggles of the territory were earning him more enemies than friends. At the same time, bureaucrats in Washington, D.C., were questioning the legitimacy of some of the purchases Lewis had made for the expedition in 1803, raising the threat of bankruptcy if he were forced to cover these costs personally. Finally, some three years after the end of his journey, Lewis still had failed to complete the work necessary to publish the critically important scientific and geographical information he and Clark had gathered in their journals-much to the disappointment of his close friend and mentor, Thomas Jefferson.

For all these reasons, most recent historians have concluded that Lewis’ death was a suicide brought on by deep depression and the heavy weight of worries he bore. According to the account given by Mrs. Grinder, the mistress of the tavern along the Natchez Trace where Lewis died, during his final hours Lewis began to pace in his room and talk aloud to himself “like a lawyer.” She then heard a pistol shot and Lewis exclaiming, “O Lord!” After a second pistol shot, Lewis staggered from his room and called for help, reportedly saying, “O Madam! Give me some water, and heal my wounds.” Strangely, Mrs. Grinder did nothing to help him; she later said that she was too afraid. The next morning servants went to his room where they reportedly found him “busily engaged in cutting himself from head to foot” with a razor. Fatally wounded in the abdomen, Lewis died shortly after sunrise.

Based largely on Mrs. Grinder’s story, most historians have argued that Lewis tried to kill himself with two pistol shots, and when death did not come quickly enough, tried to finish the job with his razor. However, in a 1962 book, Suicide or Murder? The Strange Death of Governor Meriwether Lewis, the author Vardes Fisher raised questions about the reliability of Mrs. Grinder’s story and suggested that Lewis might have actually been murdered, either by Mrs. Grinder’s husband or bandits. Since then a minority of historians has continued to raise challenges to the suicide thesis. But ultimately, nearly two centuries after the event, we may never be able to discover exactly what happened that night along the Natchez Trace when one of the nation’s greatest heroes died at the tragically young age of 35.

October 11th

EVENTS

732 – Battle at Tours: France under Karel Martel beat Moors
1138 – A massive earthquake struck Aleppo, Syria.
1521 – Pope Leo X titles King Henry VIII of England “Defender of the Faith”
1531 – Battle at Kappel: Swiss Roman Catholic kantons beat protestant forces of Zurich
1531 – Huldrych Zwingli Swiss reformation leader is killed at the Battle at Kappel
1540 – Emperor Karel names his son Philip, Duke of Milan
1573 – Battle of South Seas – Dutch rebels beat Spanish navy
1614 – Adriaen Block and 12 Amsterdam merchants petition the States General for exclusive trading rights in the New Netherland colony.
1634 – the Burchardi flood — “the second Grote Mandrenke” killed around 15,000 men in North Friesland, Denmark and Germany.
1674 – Pierre Corneille’s “Surena” premieres in Paris
1687 – Hungary accepts Habsburgse sovereignty
1698 – France, England & Netherlands sign 1st Extermination treaty
1726 – Benjamin Franklin returns to Philadelphia from England
1737 – Earthquake kills 300,000 and destroys half of Calcutta India
United States Founding Father Benjamin Franklin

1746 – Battle at Rocourt: French drive out English/Austria/Neth armies
1776 – Brig Gen Arnold’s Lake Champlain fleet defeated by British
1797 – Battle of Camperdown (Kamperduin): English navy defeats Dutch fleet
1809 – Along the Natchez Trace in Tennessee, explorer Meriwether Lewis dies under mysterious circumstances at an inn called Grinder’s Stand.
1811 – The Juliana, 1st steam-powered ferryboat, begins operation
1852 – The University of Sydney, Australia’s oldest university, is inaugurated in Sydney.
1861 – Battle of Dumfries, VA (Quantico Creek)
1863 – Skirmish at Rheatown/Henderson’s Mill, Tennessee
1864 – Slavery abolished in Maryland
1864 – Campina Grande, Brazil was established as a city.
1865 – President Andrew Johnson paroles Confederate States VP Alexander H. Stephens
Confederate States VP Alexander H. Stephens

1865 – Paul Bogle led hundreds of black men and women in a march in Jamaica, starting the Morant Bay rebellion.
1868 – Thomas Edison patents his 1st invention: electric voice machine
1871 – Great Chicago Fire is finally extinguished after 3 days, 300 killed
1873 – Toronto Argonaut Football Club 1st game losing to U of Toronto
1881 – David Houston patents roll film for cameras
1887 – A Miles patents elevator
1890 – 1st 100 yard dash under 10 seconds (John Owens 9-4/5 secs, Wash DC)
1890 – Daughters of American Revolution founded
1895 – Emperor Menelik II of Addis Ababa draws against Italians
1899 – South African Boers declare war on Great Britain
1902 – 8th US Golf Open: Laurie Auchterlonie shoots a 307 at Garden City NY
1902 – Commencement of 1st Test Cricket between South Africa & Australia
1902 – Lawrence Auchterlonie wins US Open golf tournament
Inventor Thomas Edison

1906 – White Sox Ed Walsh strikes out then record 12 in a World Series game
1906 – San Francisco Board of Education orders segregation in separate schools of Japanese, Chinese, and Korean children sparking diplomatic crisis
1911 – Ty Cobb (AL) & Frank Schulte (NL) are 1st MVPs, each gets an auto
1913 – Phila A’s beat NY Giants, 4 games to 1 in 10th World Series
1914 – German troops occupy Gent
1915 – Bulgarian anti Serbian offensive begins
1915 – Despite international protest, Edith Cavell, and English nurse in Belgium, is executed by the Germans for aiding the escape of Allied prisoners
1916 – 6th College Football Crab Bowl Classic; Navy beats Maryland 14-7 in College Park
1918 – Major Tsumani shakes Caribbean
1919 – First transcontinental air race ends
MLB Legend Ty Cobb

1922 – First woman FBI “special investigator” appointed (Alaska Davidson)
1922 – Turkey & Greece sign cease fire
1923 – Babe Ruth hits 2 HRs in a World Series game
1923 – German Mark falls to 10 billion per £, 4 billion per $
1925 – Belgian episcopelian sspeaks against Flemish activism
1925 – NY Giants play 1st NFL game, lose to Providence 14-0
1927 – Lou Gehrig named AL MVP (Babe Ruth (former winner) not eligible)
1929 – Sean O’Casey’s “Silver Tassle” premieres in London
1929 – JC Penney opens store #1252 in Milford, Delaware, making it a nationwide company with stores in all 48 U.S. states.
1930 – Collingwood Football Club in Melbourne, Australia, won the VFL premiership for the fourth consecutive year.
1931 – 100,000 extreme-right Germans form “Harzburger Front”
Department Store Founder James Cash Penney

1932 – 1st political telecast (Democratic National Committee) at CBS, NYC
1932 – Stalin forces Zinoviev & Kamenev out of Communist Party
1936 – “Professor Quiz” first radio quiz show premieres
1939 – Albert Einstein informs FDR of possibilities of atomic bomb
1939 – Bucky Harris signs to manage Washington again
1939 – Gertrude Lawrence’s “Skylark” premieres in NYC
1939 – NAACP organized Legal Defense & Education Fund
1941 – 1st NSB-battalion departures to Eastern front
1942 – -Oct 12] Sea battle at Cape Esperance Guadalcanal
1943 – NY Yankees beat Cards 4 games to 1, in 40th World Series, to become 1st team to win 10 World Series
1944 – Allies bomb sea wall at Veere
1944 – Tuvinian People’s Republic or formerly Tannu Tuva was annexed by the U.S.S.R
Actress Gene Tierney

1944 – “Laura”, starring Gene Tierney, is released
1945 – Chinese civil war begins, Chiang Kai-Shek vs Mao Zedong
1945 – JPL WAC Corporal Launch (1st Man-Made Object to escape Atmosphere)
1947 – Brazil & Chile break diplomatic relations with USSR
1948 – “Love Life” opens at 46th St Theater NYC for 252 performances
1948 – “Where’s Chartev?” opens at St James Theater NYC for 792 performances
1948 – Cleve Indians beat Boston Braves, 4 games to 2 in 45th World Series
1950 – The U.S. Federal Communications Commission issues the first license to broadcast television in color, to CBS
1954 – “On Your Toes” opens at 46th St Theater NYC for 64 performances
1954 – Pope Pius XII publishes encyclical Ad caeli Reginam
1955 – All Peron feast days disposed of in Argentina
1955 – Persia signs Pact of Baghdad
Chinese Communist Revolutionary Mao Zedong

1956 – 1st Pakistan v Australia Test 95 runs scored on 1st day
1956 – Great Britain performs nuclear test at Maralinga Australia
1956 – AL Pres Will Harridge bars Wash Senators move to West Coast, unless unanimously approved by the other AL owners
1958 – “Goldilocks” opens at Lunt Fontanne Theater NYC for 161 performances
1958 – 2nd US Moon probe, Pioneer 1, reaches 113,810 km, falls back
1959 – KTHI TV channel 11 in Fargo-Grand Forks, ND (NBC) begins broadcasting
1960 – Hurricane ravages East-Pakistan (6,000 die)
1960 – Radio/TV executive John Fetzer buys a controlling interest of Detroit Tigers
1961 – USAF Major Robert M White takes X-15 to 66,100m
1961 – USSR performs nuclear test
1962 – 1st appearance of a Gabor sister on Merv Griffin Show
1962 – 2nd Vatican Council (21st ecumenical) convened by Pope John XXIII
Pope John XXIII

1964 – Ruth Jessen wins LPGA Hillside House Ladies’ Golf Open
1967 – World Series record 3 consecutive HRs (Carl Yastremski, Reggie Smith, & Rico Petrocelli) by Red Sox
1967 – Yoko Plus Me art exhibit opens in London (the me is John Lennon)
1968 – Apollo 7 (Schirra, Eisele & Cunningham) made 163 orbits in 260 hours
1968 – Billy Martin named manager of Twins
1968 – Panama revolts
1969 – -28] Rome: 2nd bishop synod
1969 – Blues artist Muddy Waters involved in a car crash that kills 3
1969 – Soyuz 6 launched; Soyuz 7 & 8 follow in next 2 days
1969 – Three people shot dead during street violence in the loyalist Shankill area of Belfast
1971 – 60th Davis Cup: USA beats Romania in Charlotte (3-2)
Blues Musician Muddy Waters

1971 – Brooks Robinson ties Series record, reaches base 5 straight times
1971 – Frank McGee becomes news anchor of Today Show
1971 – Switzerland recognizes North Vietnam
1972 – Panama adopts constitution
1972 – Prison uprising at Washington, D.C. jail
1972 – MLB National League Championship: Cincinnati Reds beat Pittsburgh Pirates, 3 games to 2
1973 – Oakland beats Baltimore 3 games to 2 to win AL pennant
1973 – MLB American League Championship: Oakland Athletics beat Baltimore Orioles, 3 games to 2
1974 – A’s Catfish Hunter charge owner Charlie Finley with breach of contract
1975 – Islander’s Bryan Trottier’s 1st career hat trick
1975 – “Saturday Night Live” premieres on NBC with George Carlin as host
NHL Star Bryan Trottier

1976 – 10th Country Music Association Award: Mel Tillis wins
1976 – Mao Zedong’s widow Jiang Qing & “Gang of Four” arrested & charged with plotting a coup
1977 – Soyuz 25 returns to Earth
1978 – Aristides Royo elected president of Panama
1978 – Belgium government of Tindemans resigns
1978 – Dodgers Bob Welch dramatically strikes out Reggie Jackson in 9th
1979 – “Most Happy Fella” opens at Majestic Theater NYC for 53 performances
1979 – German DR frees dissidents Rudolf Bahro & Nico Hubner
1979 – Allan McLeod Cormack & Godfrey Newbold Hounsfield win Nobel Prize for medicine for developing CAT scan
1980 – Cosmonauts Popov & Ryumin set space endurance record of 184 days
1980 – Dallas Mavericks first game at Reunion Arena, beat San Antonio 103-92
MLB Right Fielder Reggie Jackson

1980 – USSR performs nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya USSR
1981 – Hollis Stacy wins LPGA Inamori Golf Classic
1981 – LeRoy Irvin sets yards gained on punt returns record (207 yds)
1981 – Unknown rocker Prince opens for Rolling Stones at LA Coliseum
1981 – Yanks beat Brewers 7-3 & win only Eastern Championship Series
1982 – 16th Country Music Association Award: Willie Nelson & Ricky Skagg
1982 – English ship Mary Rose, which sank during an engagement with France in 1545, raised at Portsmouth, England
1982 – Riot in Amsterdam as tram catches fire
1983 – Last hand-cranked telephones US went out of service as 440 telephone customers in Bryant Pond, Maine, were switched over to direct-dial
1984 – 1st space walk by US woman (Dr Kathryn D Sullivan)
1984 – August Wilson’s “Ma Rainey’s Black Bottom” premieres in NYC
1984 – NASA launches space vehicle S-208
Country Singer Willie Nelson

1984 – VP candidates’ debate – Geraldine Ferraro (D) & George H W Bush (R)
1985 – Atlantis returns to Kennedy Space Center via Kelly AFB
1985 – President Reagan bans importation of South African Krugerrands
1985 – US intercepts Egyptian Boeing with Achille Lauro terrorists
1986 – Reagan & Gorbachev open talks at a summit in Reykjavik, Iceland
1987 – 200,000 gays march for civil rights in Washington
1990 – “Miser” opens at Circle in Sq Theater NYC for 93 performances
1990 – Center for Urban archaeology opens in NYC South Street Seaport Museum
1990 – Octavio Paz wins Nobel Prize for literature
1990 – Oil hits a record $40.42 per barrel
1990 – Libya’s Qadhafi says Israel must be eliminated
1990 – UK Foreign Secretary Hurd says force would be used if Iraq does not withdrawal from Kuwait
1991 – Anita Hill testifies Clarence Thomas sexually harrased her
US President & Actor Ronald Reagan

1991 – Chip Beck ties PGA lowest 18 hole score of 59
1991 – Televangelist Jimmy Swaggart seen soliciting a prostitute
1992 – 1First 3-way US presidential debate (Bush-Clinton-Perot)
1992 – Deion Sanders, plays for Atlanta Falcons (NFL) & Braves (Baseball)
1992 – Toronto down 6-1 in 7th beats A’s 7-6 in 11th in AL playoff
1993 – Norwegian Rushdie publisher William Nygaard injured in attack
1993 – US warship Harlan County anchors off Port-au-Prince Haiti
1994 – Russian ruble decreases to 3,926 rubles per dollar
1994 – Space shuttle STS-68 (Endeavour 7), lands
1994 – Nobel Prize in economics is awarded to John Harsanyi, John Nash and Reinhard Selten for their “pioneering analysis of equilibria in the theory of non-cooperative games”
1995 – John Bobbitt has plastic surgery to increase his penis 3 inches
1995 – O J Simpson cancels a TV appearance on Dateline
Mathematician and Economist John Nash

1996 – Ford buys rights to named Detroit domed stadium for $40 million
1997 – Dennis Rodman returns from 2nd longest NBA suspension (11 games)
1998 – A Congo Airlines Boeing 727 is shot down by rebels in Kindu, Democratic Republic of the Congo, killing 40 people.
2000 – The 100th Space Shuttle mission (STS-92) is flown.
2001 – The Polaroid Corporation files for federal bankruptcy protection.
2002 – A bomb attack in a shopping mall in Vantaa, Finland kills seven.
2006 – “30 Rock”, starring Tina Fey, Alec Baldwin, and Tracy Morgan, debuts on NBC
2012 – A further 83 people are killed throughout Syria by the Syrian army
2012 – A US appeal court overturns a district court ruling banning the sale of Samsung
2012 – Mo Yan, a hallucinatory realist writer, wins the 2012 Nobel Prize for Literature
Novelist Mo Yan

2013 – 10 people are killed and a hospital fire in Fukuoka prefecture, Japan
2013 – 27 people are killed after a migrant boat sinks in the Channel of Sicily
2013 – The Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons wins the 2013 Nobel Peace Prize

BIRTHDAYS

1335 – Taejo of Joseon, ruler of Korea (d. 1408)
1573 – Jacob Boonen, South Netherlands clergyman/lawyer
1593 – Claes P “Nicolaas” Tulip, anatomy/mayor of Amsterdam (1654..71)
1611 – Hugues de Lionne, Marquess de Berry, French ambassador to Rome
1616 – Andreas Gryphius, German writer (d. 1664)
1661 – Melchior de Polignac, French diplomat/elect (Anti-Lucretius)
1671 – Frederik IV, king of Denmark/Norway (1699-1730)
1671 – Richard Moungler (d. 1730)
1672 – Pylyp Orlyk, Ukrainian Zaporozhian Cossack starshina, diplomat (d. 1742)
1675 – Samuel Clarke, English philosopher (d. 1729)
1738 – Arthur Phillip, admiral/1st governor New-South Wales
1747 – Marian Paradeiser, composer
1758 – Wilhelm Olbers, discovered asteroids (Pallas & Vesta)
1768 – Adriaan van den Ende, Dutch vicar/educationalist
1782 – Steen Steensen Blicher, Denmk, poet/short-story writer (E Binddstouw)
1786 – Stevenson Archer, American Congressman (d. 1848)
1788 – Simon Sechter, composer
1803 – Albartus Telting, Frisian poet (Frisianch Jierboeckjen)
1806 – Aleksandar I Karadjordjevic, monarch of Serbia (1842-58)
1809 – Orson Squire Fowler, American phrenologist (d. 1887)
1814 – Jean Baptiste Lamy, first Archbishop of Santa Fe (d. 1888)
1815 – Pierre Napoleon Bonaparte, Corsican representative of the people
1820 – Alfred Washington Ellet, Brigadier General (Union volunteers), (d. 1895)
1821 – Angelo Maurizio Gaspare Mariani, composer
1821 – George Williams, England, founder YMCA
1825 – C F Meyer, writer
1825 – Elkanah Brackin Greer, Brigadier General (Confederate Army), (d. 1877)
1835 – Hunter Holmes McGuire, Med Director (Confederate Army), (d. 1900)
1841 – Freidrich Hegar, composer
Founder of Heinz Henry John Heinz (1844)

1844 – Henry John Heinz, founded prepared-foods company (Heinz-57 varieties), born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (d. 1919)
1863 – Xavier Henry Napoleon Leroux, composer
1865 – Hans E Kinck, Norwegian philological/writer (Mot Karnaval)
1869 – Gordon Frederic Norton, composer
1871 – Johan Oscar Smith, Norweigian religious leader (d. 1943)
1872 – Harlan Fiske Stone, NH, Supreme Court (1925-41) Chief Justice (41-46)
1875 – Stefan O Iosif, Romania, poet (Beautiful Irine)
1876 – G von Le Fort, writer
1877 – John Parsons Beach, composer
1881 – Stark Young, US critic/writer (So Red the Rose)
1881 – Hans Kelsen, Austrian legal theorist (d. 1973)
1882 – Robert Nathaniel Dett, composer
1882 – Will Vesper, German author (Vom grossen Krieg)
1883 – Archibald T Davison, composer
US First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt (1884)

1884 – Eleanor Roosevelt, [Anna], New York, 1st lady (1933-1945)/crusader (Nobel 1931), (d. 1962)
1884 – Friedrich C R Bergius, German chemist (benzine from brown coal, Nobel)
1884 – Robert Muller-Hartmann, composer
1884 – Sig Ruman, [Siegfried Rumann], Hamburg Germany
1885 – Alfred Haar, Hungary, mathematician
1885 – Francois Mauriac, France, novelist/poet/playwright (Nobel 1952)
1888 – Piero Coppola, composer
1891 – Antonius [Jacob LT] van der Veen Zeppenfeldt, Antillian Bishop
1894 – Albert Stoessel, composer
1895 – H Schiebelhuth, writer
1896 – Roman Jakobson, linguist/Slavic scholar (Fundamentals of Language)
1897 – Arvo Hannikainen, composer
1897 – George Preston Marshall, NFL team owner (Washington Redskins)
1897 – Nathan F Twining, USAF general (Neither Liberty nor Safety)
1897 – Russell Collins, New Orleans LA
1899 – A L “Oosh” Ochse, cricketer (no relation to A E South African fast bowler)
1899 – Eddie Dyer, American baseball player (d. 1964)
1900 – Cal Hubbard, NFL tackle (Giants, Packers, Pittsburgh Pirates)
1901 – Emil Hlobil, composer
1902 – Leon Belasco, Odessa Russia, actor (Lucky Partners, My Sister Eileen)
1902 – Jayaprakash Narayan, Indian freedom fighter and political leader (d. 1979)
1905 – Fred Trump, American real estate developer, father of Donald Trump (d. 1999)
1906 – Earl “Dutch” Clark, Colo, NFL hall of fame QB (Spartans, Detroit)
1908 – Armen Carapetyan, composer
1910 – Eugene John Weigel, composer
1910 – Francis James Claude Piggott, soldier
1910 – Joseph Alsop, political newspaper columnist (Men Around the President)
1913 – J J Pickle, (Rep-D-TX, 1963- )
1914 – Edward J Day, US Postmaster General (1961)
1917 – Franz Alphons Wolpert, composer
1918 – Jerome Robbins, [Rabinowitz], NY, choreographer (Tony-West Side Story)
1919 – Art Blakey, Pitts PA, drummer (Billy Eckstine Band, Jazz Messengers)
1919 – Jean Vander Pyl, American voice actress (d. 1999)
1924 – Mal Whitfield, American athlete
1925 – Elmore Leonard, US writer (Glitz, Mr Majestyk, Touch, 52 Pick-Up), (d. 2013)
1926 – Earle Hyman, NC, actor (Russell-Cosby, Coriolanus)
1926 – John Dewes, cricketer (England opener late 40’s early 50’s)
1926 – Nhất Hạnh, Vietnamese Zen Buddhist monk
1927 – Princess Joséphine-Charlotte of Belgium (d. 2005)
1929 – Liselotte Pulver, Swiss actress
1930 – Bill Fischer, baseball player
1930 – Harry Glass, German DR, 1st E German Olympic medalist (bronze-1956)
1930 – Sam Johnson, American politician (Rep-R-Texas), born in San Antonio, Texas
1931 – Dorothy Woolfolk, American comic book editor (d. 2000)
1932 – Dottie West, Nashville Tenn, country singer (Here Comes My Baby)
1935 – Jan van Vlijmen, composer
1936 – Billy Higgins, American jazz drummer (d. 2001)
1937 – Bobby Charlton, English soccer player
1937 – Georgi Vladimirovich Machinski, cosmonaut
1937 – R. H. W. Dillard, American poet
1939 – Franklin A Sonn, union leader (South African workers)
1939 – Maria Bueno, Sao Paulo Brazil, tennis player (Wimbledon 1959)
1939 – Woiciech Wiesidlowski Lowski, dancer
1941 – Lester Bowie, American jazz trumpeter (d. 1999)
1941 – Charles Shyer, American film director
1942 – Amitabh Bachan, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, Indian actor and film producer (Deewar)
1942 – Malvin Whitfield, Bay City Tx, track star (Oly-3 gold/silv/br-48, 52)
1942 – Victor H Fazio, (Rep-D-California, 1979- )
1943 – Frank Muyser, Dutch guitarist/saxophonist (Les Baroques)
1943 – Gene Watson, Palestine Tx, country singer (Heartaches, Love & Stuff)
1943 – Keith Boyce, St Peter, Barbados, cricketer (big-hitting WI all-rounder of 70’s)
1943 – Per-Gunnar Alldahl, composer
1944 – Rodney Marsh, athlete
1944 – Mike Fiore, American baseball player
1946 – Felton Perry, actor (Magnum Force, Sudden Death)
1946 – Gary Mallaber, rocker (Steve Miller Band-Abracadbra), born in Buffalo, New York
1946 – Sawao Kato, Japan, gymnist (Olympic-gold-1968, 72, 76)
1946 – Daryl Hall, [Hohl], Penn, rocker/songwriter (Hall & Oates-Sara Smile)
1946 – Oba Chandler, American convicted murderer
1947 – Al Atkins, West Bromwich UK, English musician (Judas Priest)
1947 – Lucas Papademos, Greek economist
1947 – Thomas Boswell, American sports columnist
1949 – Bobby Jones, baseball player
1949 – Greg Douglas, American rock guitarist/vocalist (Steve Miller Band-Abracadabra), born in Oakland, California
1950 – Amos Gitai, actor (Neo-Fascist Trilogy, Golem, Arena of Murder)
1950 – Andrew Woolfolk, US pop musician (Earth, Wind & Fire-Shining Star)
1950 – Catlin Adams, actress (Ms Loomis-Square Pegs), born in Los Angeles, California
1950 – Patty Murry, (Sen-D Washington)
1950 – Thomas J Tauke, (Rep-R-IA, 1979- )
1951 – Wesley Magoogan, rocker
1953 – David Morse, Beverly Mass, actor (St Elsewhere, House, Inside Moves)
1956 – Nicanor Duarte Frutos, President of Paraguay
1957 – Dawn French, Welsh comedian and TV actress (Supergrass, French & Saunders, The Vicar of Dibley)
1957 – Blair Cunningham, rock drummer (Haircut 100), born in Memphis, Tennessee
1957 – Jon Moss, rock drummer (Culture Club)
1957 – Paul Bown, English actor
1957 – Paul Sereno, American paleontologist
1959 – Bob Inglis, (Rep-R-South Carolina)
1959 – Michiel Schapers, Netherlands, tennis star
1960 – Curt Ford, baseball player
1960 – Joe Nash, NFL defensive tackle (Seattle Seahawks)
1961 – Steve Young, NFL quarterback (SF 49ers, NFL Player of Year ’92)
1961 – Neil Buchanan, English television presenter
1961 – Amr Diab, Egyptian singer
1962 – Eric Johnson, Seaside OR, Nike golfer (1993 NIKE Louisiana Open-3rd)
1962 – Joan Cusack, Evanston Illinois, actress (SNL, Addams Family Values)
1962 – Leslie Landon, actress (Etta Plum-Little House on Prairie), born in Los Angeles, California
1962 – Martin Bayless, NFL safety (KC Chiefs)
1962 – Philip Newport, cricketer (England pace bowler in 3 Tests 1988-91)
1962 – Nicola Bryant, English actress
1963 – Ronny Rosenthal, Israeli footballer
1963 – Prince Faisal bin Al Hussein of Jordan
1964 – Michael J. Nelson, American actor
1965 – Chris Spielman, NFL linebacker (Detroit Lions, Buffalo Bills)
1965 – Sean Patrick Flanery, actor (Young Indiana Jones, Powder)
1965 – Alexander Hacke, German musician (Einstürzende Neubauten)
1966 – Gregg Olson, pitcher (Balt Orioles, Detroit Tigers), born in Omaha, Nebraska
Actor Luke Perry (1966)

1966 – Luke Perry, Mansfield Ohio, actor (Dillon-Beverly Hill 90210)
1966 – Shawn Chambers, Royal Oaks MI, NHL defenseman (Team USA, NJ Devils)
1966 – Solofa Fatu, aka Rikishi, American professional wrestler
1967 – Bruce Dickson, CFL linebacker (Edmonton Eskimos)
1967 – Charles Ogletree, Greenville NC, tornado yachter (Olympics-8th-1996)
1967 – Dennis Vaske, Rockford, NHL defenseman (NY Islanders)
1967 – John Lovell, Baton Rouge LA, tornado yachter (Olympics-8th-1996)
1967 – Rob Selby, NFL guard (Arizona Cardinals)
1967 – Sean Moynihan, Burlington Vt, actor (Powell-One Life to Live)
1967 – Tony Chimel, American professional wrestling announcer
1967 – Artie Lange, American actor and comedian
1967 – David Starr, American race car driver
1967 – Tazz, American professional wrestler and commentator
1968 – Amy Louise Taylor, [Kallested], actress (Silent Night Deadly Night 5)
1968 – Claude Lapointe, Lachine, NHL center (Calgary Flames)
1968 – Cynthia Johnston, Calgary Alberta, basketball forward (Olympics-96)
1968 – Jane Krakowski, American actress
1969 – Cal Dixon, NFL center/guard (NY Jets)
1969 – Mike Kerr, WLAF defensive end (Frankfurt Galaxy)
1969 – Prince Constantijn, CF Aschwin, of Netherlands
1969 – Ty Murray, rodeo cowboy(5-time all-around world champion)
1970 – Chidi Ahanotu, NFL defensive end/defensive tackle (Tampa Bay Bucs)
1970 – Kelly Sims, WLAF cornerback (Amsterdam Admirals)
1970 – Nicole Jeray, Cook County IL, LPGA golfer (1995 Sprint Champ-22nd)
1970 – Andy Marriott, English footballer
1970 – Constance Zimmer, American actress
1971 – Chann McRae, Albany Ga, cyclist (Olympics-96)
1971 – Natalie Jay, Hendon England, actress (Baywatch)
1971 – Petra Haden, American musician (The Rentals)
1972 – Brigitte Soucy, Moncton New Brunswick, volleyballer (Olympics-96)
1972 – Cherokee Parks, NBA center (Dallas Mavericks, Minn Timberwolves)
1972 – Kyoko Ina, Tokyo Japan, figure skater (1993 North Atlantic Sr champ)
1972 – Troy Corbett, cricket pace bowler (Victorian lefty since 1994-95)
1972 – Claudia Black, Australian actress
1973 – Sharon Dominguez, Miss Belize Universe (1997)
1973 – Takeshi Kaneshiro, actor/model
1973 – Steven Pressley, Scottish footballer
1973 – Mike Smith, American guitarist (Snot, Limp Bizkit)
1974 – Jason Arnott, Collingwood Ontario, NHL center (Edmonton Oilers)
1974 – Terje Haakonsen, Norwegian snowboarder
1975 – Zach Conrad, Ft Collins Colo, cyclist (Olympics-96)
1976 – Emily Deschanel, American actress
1976 – Brent Bennett, American mercenary
1977 – Matthew Bomer, American actor
1977 – Desmond Mason, American basketball player
1977 – Claudia Palacios, Colombian television journalist
1977 – Ty Wigginton, American baseball player
1978 – Kali, Angolan footballer
1979 – Bae Doona, South Korean model and actress
1979 – Andy Douglas, American professional wrestler
1979 – Gabe Saporta, Uruguayan-born American musician (Cobra Starship, Midtown)
1980 – Nyron Nosworthy, English footballer
1981 – Beau Brady, Australian Actor
1983 – William Sledd, American internet personality
1983 – Ruslan Ponomariov, Ukrainian chess player
1984 – Sergio Hellings, Dutch footballer
1984 – Martha MacIsaac, Canadian actress
1985 – Michelle Trachtenberg, American actress
1987 – Mike Conley, Jr., American basketball player
1989 – Henry Lau, member of Korean Boy Band Super Junior M
1989 – Michelle Wie, American golfer
1991 – Chauncey Matthews, American Juniors singer
1992 – Sarah Cannon, daughter of singer Amy Grant

WEDDINGS

1938 – Jazz musician Louis Armstrong (37) weds longtime girlfriend Alpha Smith
1948 – Fellow students Fidel Castro and Mirta Diaz-Balart marry (divorced 1955)
1954 – Philippine president Corazon Aquino (21) weds Tarlac governor Benigno Aquino Jr (22) in Pasay City, Philippines
1975 – Future US President Bill Clinton weds future Secretary of StateHillary Rodham
1987 – Rock and blues singer Joe Cocker (43) weds Pam Baker
1997 – “Charlie’s Angels” actress Jaclyn Smith (52) weds Chicago heart surgeon Bradley Allen (43) at United Westwood Methodist Church
Rocker Joe Cocker (1987)

2003 – American Pie star Alyson Hannigan (29) weds Angel’s Alexis Denisof (37) at the Two Bunch Palms Resort & Spa in Palm Springs, California
2003 – “The West Wing” actress Annabeth Gish (32) weds former “The X-Files” stunt man Wade Allen at The Sea Ranch Lodge
2009 – “Mad Men” vixen Christina Hendricks (37) weds actor Geoffrey Arend (34) at the couple’s favorite Il Buco restaurant in New York City

DIVORCES

1939 – Actor Jackie Coogan (24) divorces actress Betty Grable (22) after 2 years of marriage

DEATHS

732 – Abd ar-Rahman, Yemenite general strategist (Bordeaux occupier), dies
965 – Bruno I, archbishop of Cologne/duke of Lutheran, dies at about 40
1188 – Robert I of Dreux, son of Louis VI of France
1303 – Boniface VIII, [Benedetto Gaetani], lawyer/pope (1294-1303), dies
1347 – Louis IV, Duke of Bayern/Romania-Germany King/emperor, dies
1424 – Jan Zizka, Czech (army)leader (Hussieten), dies of plague at 46
1531 – Huldrych Zwingli, Swiss church reformer (Zwinglianen), dies
1598 – Joachim Camerarius, German botanist (horticulture catalog), dies
1617 – Franchois Vranck, economist/writer (Deduction), dies at about 62
1666 – Henry de Fleury dee Coulan, mister of Buat/ritmeester, dies
1705 – Guillaume Amontons, French physicist, dies at 42
1708 – Ehrenfried Walther von Tschirnhaus, German mathematician (b. 1651)
1721 – Edward Colston, English merchant and philanthropist (b. 1636)
1725 – Hans Herr, Swiss-born Mennonite bishop (b. 1639)
1779 – Casimir Pułaski, Polish born fighter for American independence (b. 1745) dies in Battle of Savannah
1809 – Meriwether Lewis, (Lewis & Clark Expedition), commits suicide at 35
Soldier/Public Administrator Meriwether Lewis (1809)

1811 – Johann Conrad Ammann, Swiss physician and naturalist (b. 1724)
1812 – Jurriaan F de Frederici, Dutch governor-gen (Suriname), dies at 60
1821 – John Ross Key, American judge and lawyer (b. 1754)
1837 – Samuel Wesley, composer (Exultate Deo), dies at 71
1839 – Leonor de Almeida marquesa de Alorna, Portuguese poet, dies at 88
1850 – Louisa Maria, queen of Belgium (1832-50)/wife of Leopold I, dies at 38
1852 – Ferdinand Eisenstein, German mathematician (b. 1823)
1889 – James Prescott Joule, English physicist (b. 1818)
1891 – Charles Stewart Parnells remains buried in Ireland
1896 – Anton Bruckner, Austrian composer (Te Deum, Wagner Symphony), dies at 72
1896 – Edward White Benson, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1829)
1897 – Leon Boelmann, French organist/composer (Suite Gothique), dies at 35
1917 – Harry Trott, cricketer (Aust capt played 24 Tests 1888-1898), dies
1925 – Karl M Lybeck, Fin/Swedish language poet (Samlade Arbeten), dies at 71
1933 – Josef Hofmiller, writer, dies
1935 – Frank Mitchell, cricketer (2 Tests for Eng then 3 for South Africa), dies
1935 – Steele Rudd, Australian author (b. 1868)
1940 – Lluís Companys, President of Generalitat of Catalonia (shot) (b. 1882)
1940 – Vito Volterra, Italian mathematician and physicist (b. 1860)
1942 – Leonid Vladimirovich Nikolayev, composer, dies at 64
1958 – J R Becher, writer, dies at 67
1959 – Bert Bell, NFL hall of famer, dies at 64
1960 – Richard Cromwell, actor (Jezebel, Riot Squad), dies of cancer at 50
1961 – Leonard “Chico” Marx, comedian (Marx Brothers), dies at 74
1962 – Erich Tschermak von Seysenegg, Austrian Botanist who was one of three scientists to independently rediscovered Gregor Mendel’s work on the laws of genetics, dies at 90
Singer Edith Piaf (1963)

1963 – Edith Piaf, French singer (No, I don’t regret anything), dies at 47
1963 – Jean Cocteau, French author (La Voie Humaine), dies at 73
1965 – Dorothea Lange, American photographer (b. 1895)
1965 – Walther Stampfli, member of the Swiss Federal Council (b. 1884)
1970 – Anis Fuleihan, composer, dies at 69
1971 – Chester Conklin, actor (Greed, Modern Times), dies at 83
1971 – Chesty Puller, the most decorated Marine in history (b. 1898)
1976 – Connie Boswell, actress (Artists & Models), dies at 68
1976 – Alfredo Bracchi, Italian author (b. 1897)
1977 – Mason Gross, professor (Think Fast, 2 for the Money), dies at 66
1977 – MacKinlay Kantor, American author (b. 1904)
1978 – Nancy Spungen, killed by boyfriend Six Vicious in NYC
1984 – Khanderao M Rangnekar, cricketer (33 runs at 5 50 for India), dies
1984 – Sid Carroll, cricketer (prolific NSW opener 1945-59 avg 39 59), dies
1985 – Tex Williams, country-western singer, dies at 68 of cancer
1986 – Norm Cash, 1st baseman (Detroit Tigers), dies at 51
1988 – Bonita Granville, actress (The Lone Ranger, Hitler’s Children), dies at 55
1988 – Morgan Farley, actor (Open Secret), dies of natural causes at 90
1988 – Wayland Flowers, ventriloquist (Madame), dies of AIDS at 48
1989 – Paul Shenar, actor (Deadly Force, Dream Lover), dies at 53
1989 – M. King Hubbert, American geophysicist (b. 1904)
1990 – Douglas Edwards, WW II correspondent, dies of cancer at 73
1990 – Robert Tessier, actor (Nightwish, Future Force), dies at 56
1991 – Steven Jesse Bernstein, American underground poet (suicide) (b. 1950)
1992 – Theo Wolvencamp, painter (Cobra), dies
1992 – Willem RJ Wittkampf, journalist/writer (Liner, Cannon), dies
1993 – Jess Thomas, American tenor (b. 1927)
1994 – Maja Bulgakova, Ukranian actress (Krylja), dies in auto-accident at 62
1994 – Nic Jonk, sculptor/painter (Nereus on Zeepaard), dies at 66
1996 – Arthur Walter Lucas, picture restorer, dies at 80
1996 – Edith Tilton Penrose, economist, dies at 81
1996 – Johnny Costa, jazz pianist (Mr Rogers), dies at 74
1996 – Keith Boyce, cricketer (West Indies all-rounder 1969-76), dies of chronic cirrhosis of the liver at 53
1996 – Terry Patchett, politician, dies at 56
1996 – William Vickrey, economist, dies at 82
1996 – Lars Ahlfors, Finnish mathematician (b. 1907)
1998 – Richard Denning, American actor (b. 1914)
2000 – Donald Dewar, First Minister of Scotland (b. 1937)
2002 – Dina Pathak, Indian Actress (b. 1922)
2003 – Franklyn Perring, English Botanist, dies of cancer at 76
2004 – Keith Miller, Australian sportsman (b. 1919)
2005 – Edward Szczepanik, Polish economist and Prime Minister in exile (b. 1915)
2005 – Shan-ul-Haq Haqqee, Linguist, and writer of Pakistan (b. 1917)
2006 – Cory Lidle, American baseball pitcher (b. 1972)
2006 – Howard Kerzner, Chief Executive Officer of Kerzner International (b. 1964)
2006 – Benito Martínez, Cuban who claimed to be the oldest person, died mildly ironically. Family didn’t mourn – mostly dead also. (b. ?1880)
2007 – Werner von Trapp, member of the Trapp Family Singers (b. 1915)
2007 – David Lee “Tex” Hill, World War Two fighter pilot, flying ace, 1st American Volunteer Group (b. 1915)
2008 – Jörg Haider, Austrian far-right politician (b. 1950)
2009 – Veronika Neugebauer, German actress and voice actress (b. 1969)
2012 – John Junior “Champ” Summers, American MLB player, dies from kidney cancer at 66

ALSO ON THIS DAY

• Lead Story

• 2002 Jimmy Carter wins Nobel Prize

• American Revolution

• 1776 Benedict Arnold fights valiantly at Valcour Island

• Automotive

• 2008 Blind driver breaks land-speed record

• Civil War

• 1862 Stuart hits Pennsylvania

• Cold War

• 1986 Reagan and Gorbachev meet in Reykjavik

• Crime

• 1923 A mail car explodes in a train robbery

• Disaster

• 1793 Yellow fever breaks out in Philadelphia

• General Interest

• 1776 Benedict Arnold and the Battle of Valcour Island
• 1899 Boer War begins in South Africa
• 1962 Pope opens Vatican II
• 1968 Apollo 7 launched

• Hollywood

• 1975 Saturday Night Live debuts

• Literary

• 1925 Elmore Leonard is born

• Music

• 1975 Bruce Springsteen scores his first pop hit with “Born to Run”

• Old West

• 1809 Meriwether Lewis dies along the Natchez Trace, Tennessee

• Presidential

• 1975 Bill Clinton marries Hillary Rodham

• Sports

• 2003 Martinez-Zimmer scuffle interrupts ALCS

• Vietnam War

• 1954 Viet Minh take control in the north
• 1961 Kennedy ponders the Vietnam situation

• World War I

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• World War II

• 1942 United States defeats Japanese in the Battle of Cape Esperance

1877 – Custer’s funeral is held at West Point

On this day in 1877, the U.S. Army holds a West Point funeral with full military honors for Lieutenant-Colonel George Armstrong Custer. Killed the previous year in Montana by Sioux and Cheyenne Indians at the Battle of the Little Big Horn, Custer’s body had been returned to the East for burial on the grounds of the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, New York, where Custer had graduated in 1861-at the bottom of his class.

Even before the Battle of the Little Big Horn, Custer had won national fame as a bold-and some said foolhardy-Civil War commander who eventually became the youngest major general in the U.S. Army. A handsome man, famous for his long blond hair (though he cut it short while in the field), Custer, even after the Civil War, continued to attract the appreciative attention of newspapers and the nation as a lieutenant colonel in the 7th Cavalry, a unit recently created to fight in the western Indian wars. Reports that Custer treated deserters of the 7th with unnecessary cruelty and overworked his soldiers led to a court-martial and conviction in 1867. But Custer redeemed himself, at least in the eyes of some, with his subsequent attack on a winter camp of Cheyenne in on the Washita River. Others, though, faulted Custer for attacking a peaceful band of Cheyenne and leaving behind some of his men when he withdrew from the battle under cover of night.

Though Custer was controversial in his day, his spectacular death at the Little Big Horn transformed him into a beloved martyr in the eyes of many Americans, especially those who were calling for wholesale war against the Indians. Some newspapers began to refer to Custer as the “American Murat,” a reference to a famous martyr of the French Revolution, and they called for decisive retaliation against the “treacherous Indians” who had murdered the golden-haired general. Others refused to believe that Custer’s own tactical mistakes could alone explain the disaster at Little Big Horn, and they instead sought to place the blame on the shoulders of other commanders who had been at the battle. (Tellingly, no one suggested that clever tactics and leadership by the Indians might have been the cause for Custer’s defeat.) Custer’s widow, Elizabeth, also worked to transform her husband into a legend by writing several adulatory books chronicling his career. Hundreds of other books and movies, many of them more fiction than history, helped cement the image of Custer as the great fallen leader of the Indian wars in many American minds.

Custer’s status as a national hero and martyr only began to be seriously questioned in the 1960s, and since then he has often been portrayed as a vain and glory-seeking man whose own ineptitude was all the explanation needed for the massacre at Little Big Horn. The truth about George Custer is probably somewhere in between these two extremes.