July 28th

TODAY IS:

Milk Chocolate Day

EVENTS

388 – Battle at Aquileja: Emperor Theodosius beats emperor Magnus Maximis
754 – Pope Stephen II, [III] makes Pippin de Korte, King of France
1148 – Crusaders attack Damascus
1434 – Navigator Gil Eanes leaves Cape Bojador for Lisbon
1579 – Cardinal Granvelle returns to Madrid
1586 – Sir Thomas Harriot introduces potatoes to Europe on return to England
1609 – Admiral George Somers settles in Bermuda
1635 – Spanish marshal Piccolomini conquerors Schenkenschans
1696 – De Croissy succeeds Le Plectia as French minister of Finance
1708 – Monarch Amengkurat II [Sunan Mas] of Mataram gives himself up to VOC
1717 – Prussian king Frederik Willem I gives compulsory education to 5-12 yrs
1741 – Capt Bering discovers Mount St Elias, Alaska
1742 – Prussia & Austria sign peace treaty
1794 – French Revolution figure Robespierre & 22 other leaders of “the Terror” guillotined to thunderous cheers in Paris
1808 – Mahmud II succeeds Mustafa IV as sultan of Turkey
1821 – Peru declares independence from Spain (National Day)
1849 – Memmon is 1st clipper to reach SF, 120 days out of NY
1851 – Total solar eclipse captured on a daguerreotype photograph
1858 – First use of fingerprints as a means of identification is made by Sir William James Herschel of the Indian Civil Service
1858 – Nadar takes 1st airborne photo (in a balloon)
1862 – Confederate forces defeated at More’s Hill, Mo
1864 – 2nd day of battle at Deep Bottom Run, Virginia
1864 – Battle of Atlanta: GA (Ezra Church) – second sortie US700 CS4642
1866 – Metric system becomes a legal measurement system in US
1868 – US Secretary of State William H. Seward announces 14th Amendment ratified by states, grants citizenship to ex-slaves
Composer Richard Wagner

1882 – Richard Wagner’s opera “Parsifal” premieres in Beirut
1883 – Shocks triggered by volcano Epomeo (Isle of Ischia, Italy) destroyed 1,200 houses at Casamicciola killing 2,000
1886 – British Salisbury government forms
1893 – A petition organised by Kate Sheppard, demanding women’s suffrage, is delivered to the New Zealand parliament; signed by more 25,000 women, a 5th of the adult European female population led by Kate Sheppard
1896 – City of Miami incorporated
1898 – Spanish troops in Ponce, Puerto Rico, surrender
1898 – Start of Sherlock Holmes “Adventure of Retired Colourman”(BG)
1900 – Hamburger created by Louis Lassing in Connecticut
1904 – Rafael Reyes becomes dictator of Colombia after losing Panama
1904 – Interior Minister of Russia, Vyacheslav Plehve is assassinated; as leader of the most reactionary elements of government, he was hated for his repressive policies
Suffragette Kate Sheppard

1906 – Yankees turn triple-play, beat Cleveland 6-4
1911 – 96°F (35.6°C) in De Bilt Netherlands
1913 – 12th Davis Cup: USA beats British Isles in Wimbledon (3-2)
1914 – Foxtrot 1st danced at New Amsterdam Roof Garden (NYC, by Harry Fox)
1914 – First Lord of the Admiralty Winston Churchill orders British Grand Fleet to Scapa Flow
1914 – Austria-Hungary decides against mediation and declares war on Serbia – first declaration of war of WWI
1915 – Because of virtual anarchy, US Marines go ashore in Haiti on orders from President Wilson; this will lead to an occupation that will last until 1934
1917 – Silent Parade organised by James Weldon Johnson of 10,000 African-American march on 5th Ave (NYC) protesting against lynching
1919 – Vrije Vakbewegings Internationale (VVI) forms in Amsterdam
Writer and Civil Rights Activist James Weldon Johnson

1926 – US & Panamanian pact about safeguard of Panama Canal
1928 – 9th Olympic Games open in Amsterdam
1929 – Chicago Cardinals become 1st NFL team to train out of state (Mich)
1929 – 24th Davis Cup: France beats USA in Paris (3-2)
1930 – 114°F (46°C), Greensburg, Kentucky (state record)
1931 – White Sox score 11 in 8th to beat Yankees 14-12
1931 – Mob hitman Mad Dog Coll allegedly participates in a kidnapping attempt that results in the shooting death of a child, which earns him the nickname “Mad Dog”
1932 – Battle between unemployed war veterans & federal troops, 4 die
1932 – President Hoover evicts bonus marchers from their encampment
1933 – 1st singing telegram delivered (to Rudy Vallee), NYC
1933 – NFL divides into (2) 5 team divisions
1933 – Spain recognizes the USSR
31st US President Herbert Hoover

1934 – 118°F (48°C), Orofino, Idaho (state record)
1935 – Belgium’s Romain Maes wins Tour de France
1937 – Eddie Paynter scores 322 for Lancashire against Sussex
1937 – Richard Moore scores 316 for Hampshire against Warwickshire
1938 – 34,000-ton Cunard-White Star liner Mauretania launched at Birkenhead
1938 – Bradman scores 202 Aust v Somerset, 225 mins, 32 fours
1939 – 5th Dutch government of Colijn falls
1940 – Radio Orange, London begins broadcasting
1940 – Yankee Charlie Keller hits 3 HRs to beat White Sox 10-9
1942 – Nazis liquidate 10,000 Jews in Minsk Belorussia Ghetto
1942 – Zionists partisans ZOB forms in Poland
1943 – Italian Facist dictator Benito Mussolini resigns
1943 – Pres FDR announces end of coffee rationing in US
1943 – World War II: Operation Gomorrah: The British bomb Hamburg causing a firestorm that kills 42,000 German civilians.
Dictator of Nazi Germany Adolf Hitler

1944 – Hitler routes 4 division of South France to Normandy
1944 – US 8th Army corp occupies Coutances France
1945 – Japanese premier Suzuki disregards US ultimatum to surrender
1945 – US Army B-25 crashes into 79th floor of Empire State Bldg, 14 die

Preamble to the Charter of the United Nations1945
US Senate ratifies United Nations charter 89-2
Mushroom cloud over Nagasaki

Physicist Raemer Schreiber

1945 – Physicist Raemer Schreiber and Lieutenant Colonel Peer de Silva arrive on the Pacific island of Tinian with the plutonium core used to assemble the Fat Man bomb used in the bombing of Nagasaki on August 9
1947 –Iuliu Maniu’s Boer party becomes forbidden in Romania
1948 – I G Farben chemical plant explodes in Ludwigshafen, Germany, 182 die
1948 – The Metropolitan Police Flying Squad foils a bullion robbery in the “Battle of London Airport”.
1951 – “Kiss Me, Kate” closes at New Century Theater NYC after 1077 perfs
1951 – Walt Disney’s animated musical film “Alice In Wonderland” released
1952 – Rogers Hornsby replaces Luke Sewell as Cincinnati Reds manager
1954 – Ernest Blochs 4th string quartet premieres
1954 – “On the Waterfront”, directed by Elia Kazan starring Marlon Brando and Eva Marie Saint, is released (Best Picture 1955)
Actor Marlon Brando

1955 – The Union Mundial pro Interlingua is founded at the first Interlingua congress in Tours, France.
1957 – Jerry Lee Lewis makes his 1st TV appearance (Steve Allen Show)
1957 – Mickey Wright wins LPGA Wolverine Golf Open
1957 – White Sox’ James Landis struck out 5 times in a game
1957 – Heavy rain and a mudslide in Isahaya, western Kyūshū, Japan, kill 992.
1958 – Baltimore Colts wins NFL-championship
1959 – Great-Britain starts using postal codes
1959 – Hawaii’s 1st US election sends 1st Asian-Americans to Congress
1960 – Republican National convention selects Richard Nixon as candidate
1962 – 19 die in a train crash in Steelton Pa
1962 – Mariner I launched to Mars falls into Atlantic Ocean
1963 – Kathy Whitworth wins LPGA Wolverine Golf Open
LPGA Golfer Kathy Whitworth

1964 – England all out 611 in reply to Australia’s 8-656 Match a draw
1964 – Ranger 7 launched toward the Moon; sent back 4308 TV pictures
1965 – LBJ sends 50,000 more soldiers to Vietnam (total of 125,000)
1967 – Pirate Radio Station 390 (Radio Invicta) (England) closes down
1971 – 16 time gold glover Brook Robinson commits 3 errors in 6th inning
1971 – Dutch ends censorship of “Blue Movie”
1972 – 39th NFL Chicago All Star Game: Dallas 20, All Stars 7 (54,162)
1973 – France performs nuclear Test at Muruora Island
1973 – Jane Blalock/Sandra Palmer win Lady Angelo’s 4-Ball Golf Tournament
1973 – Skylab 3’s astronauts (Bean, Garriott & Lousma) launched
1974 – 69 die when packed bus strikes heavy truck (Belem, Brazil)
1974 – Carole Jo Skala wins LPGA Wheeling Ladies Golf Classic
1976 – 242,000 die in Tientsin-Tangshan (China) 8.2 earthquake
36th US President Lyndon B. Johnson

1976 – 8.2 & 7.4 earthquake devastate Tangsha, China (240-750,000 die)
1976 – Eldon Joersz & Geo Morgan set world air speed record of 3,530 kph
1976 – White Sox John Odom (5 inn) & Francisco Barrios (4 inn) no-hits A’s
1977 – 1st oil through the TransAlaska Pipeline System reach Valdez, Alaska
1977 – Roy Wilkins turn over NAACP leadership to Benjamin L Hooks
1977 – Test Cricket debut of Ian Botham v Aust Trent Bridge, 5-74 1st innings
1978 – 600,000 attend Watkins Glen Summer Jam in NY
1978 – At Old Timer’s Game it’s announced Martin will again manage Yankees
1978 – Price of gold tops $200-an-oz level for 1st time
1978 – USSR performs nuclear Test at Eastern Kazakh/Semipalitinsk USSR
1979 – Dave Kingman becomes 6th to have a 2nd 3 HR game
1979 – France performs nuclear Test
1980 – Peru adopts constitution, Fernando Belaúnde Terry becomes president
1983 – AL Pres Lee MacPhail threw out umpire’s decision & allows
Cricketer Ian Botham

1983 – USSR performs nuclear Test at Eastern Kazakh/Semipalitinsk USSR
1983 – George Brett’s 2 run HR against Yanks on July 24 (pine tar game)
1983 – NASA launches Telstar-3A
1984 – 23rd modern Olympic games opens in Los Angeles
1985 – 13th du Maurier Golf Classic: Pat Bradley
1985 – Alan Garcia sworn in as president of Peru
1985 – L Brock, Slaughter, A Vaughan, & H Wilhelm inducted into Hall of Fame
1986 – Bomb attack in East Beirut, 25 killed
1986 – NASA releases transcript from doomed Challenger, pilot Michael Smith could be heard saying, “Uh-oh!” as spacecraft disintegrated
1987 – 42nd US Women’s Open Golf Championship won by Laura Davies
1987 – Angel Cordero Jr becomes 4th jockey to win 6,000 races
1988 – IBM announces price hike on older models
LPGA Golfer Laura Davies

1988 – Israeli diplomats arrive in Moscow for 1st visit in 21 years
1988 – Jordan cancels $1.3 billion development plan in West Bank
1988 – Winnie Mandella’s home in Soweto, South Africa, destroyed by arson
1989 – Braves Dale Murphy, hits 2 3-run HRs in an inning, 14th man to hit 2 HRs in an inning. Also ties record of 6 RBIs in an inning
1989 – Cards’ Vince Coleman is caught stealing ends record streak at 50
1989 – NASA’s Lewis Research Center, Cleve, announce new high-temperature superconductors able to operate at 33 to 37 Gigahertz
1990 – Alberto Fujimoro installed as president of Peru
1990 – Blackout hits Chicago
1991 – “Gypsy” closes at Marquis Theater NYC after 105 performances
1991 – 12th US Seniors Golf Open: Jack Nicklaus
1991 – 29th Tennis Fed Cup: Spain beats USA in Nottingham England (2-1)
1991 – Buffalo Bills beat Philadelphia Eagles, 17-13 in American Bowl in Wembley
MLB Pitcher Dennis Martínez

1991 – Dennis Martinez pitches the 13th perfect game in baseball history
1991 – Juli Inkster wins LPGA Bay State Golf Classic
1991 – Miguel Indurain of Spain wins Tour de France bicycle race
1992 – Ground breaking of Fla Marlins 7,500 seat spring training stadium
1993 – Mariner Ken Griffey Jr is 3rd to hit HRs in 8 straight games
1994 – Baseball players decide to strike on Aug 12, 1994
1994 – Last steel beam is placed on Cleveland’s Rock & Roll Hall of Fame
1994 – Texas Ranger Kenny Rogers pitches baseball’s 14th perfect game
1995 – Art Modell’s rep begins secrets talks to move team to Baltimore
1995 – Norwegian Finance Minister Sigbjorn Johnsen says that Norway should not lower its crude oil production in an attempt to boost world oil prices
1996 – NY Yankee Darryl Strawberry hits his 300th HR
1996 – Vicki Fergon wins LPGA Micelob Light Heartland Golf Classic
1996 – Kennewick Man, the remains of a prehistoric man, is discovered near Kennewick, Washington.
NHL Legend Mark Messier

1997 – NY Ranger center Mark Messier signs with Vancouver for $20M for 3 yrs
1997 – Peter Graf, father of Steffi, enters German jail for tax evasion
1997 – Guatemala becomes a member of the Berne Convention copyright treaty.
2002 – Nine coal miners trapped in the flooded Quecreek Mine in Somerset County, Pennsylvania, are rescued after 77 hours underground.
2005 – The Provisional Irish Republican Army call an end to their thirty year long armed campaign in Northern Ireland.
2005 – A tornado touches down in a residential area in south Birmingham, England, causing £4,000,000 worth of damages and injuring 39 people.
2008 – The historic Weston-super-Mare Grand Pier burns down for a second time in 80 years.
2012 – Ye Shiwen of China sets world record in the women’s 400m individual medley in 4:28.43
2012 – 18 people are killed and 11 injured in ethnic clashes in Ethiopia
2013 – 39 people are killed after a bus veers off a bridge in Avellino Province, Italy
2014 – UN Security Council hold emergency meeting calling for an immediate and indefinite humanitarian ceasefire between Israel and Hamas
2014 – Missiles strike near Gaza’s main hospital and a nearby refugee camp Monday, leaving 10 dead and many wounded; Israeli Defence Force say they are not responsible
United States Secretary of State John Kerry

2014 – Israel criticizes John Kerry’s proposed ceasefire, stating that no ceasefire deal will be accepted without the destruction of tunnels leading from Gaza to Israel and the demilitarization of the Gaza Strip
2061 – 31st recorded perihelion passage of Halley’s Comet

BIRTHDAYS

1165 – Ibn al-‘Arabi, Muslim mystic/philosopher
1347 – Margherita of Durazzo, queen of Naples (d. 1412)
1456 – Jacopo Sannazaro, Italian poet (Arcadia)
1514 – Maximilian of Burgundy, viceroy of Holland
1609 – Judith J Leyster, Dutch house painter, baptised
1659 – Charles Ancillon, French Huguenot pastor (d. 1715)
1719 – Jan Nepveu, governor-general of Suriname (1769-79) [or Aug 27]
1745 – Piotr A von der Pahlen, milt governor (St Petersburg)
1746 – Thomas Heyward, soldier, signed Decl of Ind
1750 – Fabre d’Églantine French dramatist and politician, creator of the French Republican calendar (d. 1794)
1778 – Charles Stewart, Rear Admiral (Union Navy), (d. 1869)
1796 – Ignaz Bösendorfer, Austrian musician (d. 1859)
1804 – Ludwig A Feuerbach, German philosopher (Man is what he eats)
1808 – Charles Lucas, composer
1809 – Ormsby McKnight Mitchel, astronomer/Major General (Union volunteers)
1813 – Alberto Mazzucato, composer
1815 – Stefan Dunjov, Banat Bulgarian military figure (d. 1889)
1825 – William Duncan Smith, Brigadier General (Confederate Army), (d. 1862)
1833 – James Henry Lane, Brigadier General (Confederate Army) [or Jun 22 1814]
1835 – Jose Garcia Robles, composer
1837 – Christian Barnekow, composer
1844 – Gerard Manley Hopkins, England, poet (Windhover)
1857 – Ballington Booth, Brighouse, England, Officer in The Salvation Army and co-founder of Volunteers of America
1860 – Elias M. Ammons, governor of Colorado (d. 1925)
1860 – Grand Duchess Anastasia Mikhailovna of Russia (d. 1922)
1863 – Hussein Khan Nakhichevanski, Russian general (d. 1919)
Children’s Author Beatrix Potter (1866)

1866 – Beatrix Potter, England, children’s author and illustrator (“The Tale of Peter Rabbit”)
1867 – Charles Dillon Perrine, American-born astronomer (d. 1951)
1868 – George Morren, Flemish painter/sculptor
1868 – Thomas P Krag, Norwegian writer (Jon Graeff, Ulf Ran)
1870 – Henri Jaspar, premier of Belgium (1927-31)
1872 – Albert P Sarraut, Fren gov-gen of Indo-China (1911..19)/PM (1933/36)
1874 – Ernst Cassirer, Germany, philosopher/educator (Essay on Man)
1887 – Marcel Duchamp, Blainville-Crevon, French sculptor and painter (Nude Descending a Staircase)
1890 – Marie Lohr, Australian actress (Pygmalion, Small Hotel), born in Sydney, New South Wales
1891 – Ron Oxenham, cricketer (Australian all-rounder 1928-32)
1892 – Joe E Brown, Holgate Ohio, comedian (Buck Circus Hour)
Painter and Sculptor Marcel Duchamp (1887)

1892 – Petro Petridis, Greek composer (Isotope Suite)
1893 – Rued Immanuel Langgaard, composer
1896 – Barbara La Marr, American actress (d. 1926)
1897 – Emmy Arbous, [Emilia J Henke], Dutch actress (Little Rascal)
1898 – Lawrence Gray, American actor (d. 1970)
1900 – Maurice Johnstone, composer
1901 – Rudy Vallee, Vt, singer (Vagabond Dreams, My Time Is Your Time)
1901 – Sandor Vandor, composer
1901 – Freddie Fitzsimmons, American baseball player (d. 1979)
1902 – Karl Popper, Austrian/British philosopher (Logic of Forschung)
1902 – Kenneth F Fearing, US, poet (Dead Reckoning)
1903 – Catherine Dale Owen, actress (Behind Office Doors), Louisville KY
1904 – [John] Selwyn [Brooke] Lloyd, British statsman
1905 – Charles William Hutton, architect
Philosopher and Professor Karl Popper (1902)

1906 – Gottlob Frick, singer
1907 – Earl S Tupper, inventor (Tupperware)
1908 – Zbigniew Turski, composer
1909 – Malcolm Lowry, English novelist (Under the Volcano)
1910 – Bill Goodwin, SF California, announcer (Jolson Story, Burns & Allen)
1910 – Clive Robertson Caldwell, British fighter pilot
1911 – Ann Doran, Amarillo Tx, actress (Longstreet, Shirley)
1911 – Gerhard Stoeck, Germany, javelin thrower (Olympic-gold-1936)
1914 – Carmen Dragon, American composer (d. 1984)
1915 – Charles Townes, American Physicist (Nobel Prize 1964 for mazer-lazer principle), born in Greenville, South Carolina (d. 2015)
1916 – David Brown, film producer (“The Sting”, “Jaws”, “Cocoon”), born in NYC, New York
1916 – Laird Cregar, Phila, actor (Charley’s Aunt, Hangover Square)
1922 – Jacques Piccard, Switzerland, undersea explorer (bathyscaph Trieste)
1923 – Kent L Lee, US vice-admiral (WW II-Marianas/Palau)
1923 – Mary Jane Odell, Iowa, secretary of state
1923 – Michio Watanabe, politician
1924 – Fred Fisher, cricketer (one Test for NZ v SA 1953)
1924 – Peter James Frederick Green, CEO (LLoyd’s of London)
1925 – Bruce Matthews, newspaper executive
1925 – Kenneth M Stewart, euro MP for Merseyside West
1925 – Larry Pruden, composer
1925 – Baruch S. Blumberg, American scientist, Nobel laureate
1926 – Charlie Biddle, American-born Quebec jazz bassist (d. 2003)
1927 – John Ashbery, American poet
1928 – Adrian Ratiu, composer
US First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis (1929)

1929 – Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy Onassis, NY, American 1st Lady (1961-63)
1929 – Remco [Wouter] Campert, Dutch literary/poet/son of Jan Campert
1930 – Jean Roba, Belgian comics author (d. 2006)
1930 – Junior Kimbrough, American bluesman (d. 1998)
1931 – Darryl Hickman, Hollywood, California, American actor (Human Comedy, Tea & Sympathy)
1931 – Johnny Martin, Australian cricket left-arm chinaman bowler (60’s)
1933 – Charlie Hodge, French Canadian ice hockey goaltender
1934 – Jacques d’Amboise, Dedham Mass, ballet dancer (NYC Ballet Company)
1934 – Norman D Shumway, (Rep-R-California, 1979- )
1935 – Simon Dee, British television broadcaster
1936 – Russ Jackson, Canadian football player
1937 – Peter Duchin, pianist/bandleader (Peter Duchin Orch), born in NYC, New York
1937 – Francis Veber, French film director and screenwriter
1938 – Alberto Fujimoro, president of Peru (1990- )
1938 – George Cummings, rocker (Dr Hook & Medicine Show)
1938 – Luis Aragonés, Spanish football manager
1938 – Robert Hughes, Australian art critic and writer (Barcelona), born in Sydney, New South Wales (d. 2012)
1938 – Alberto Fujimori, President of Peru (1990-2000), born in Lima, Peru
1939 – Clem Cattini, rock drummer (Tornados London)
1940 – Phil Proctor, comedian (Firesign Theater)
1941 – Riccardo Muti, Napoli Italy, conductor (Philadelphia Orch)
1942 – Marty Brennaman, American sportscaster
Basketball Player/US Senator Bill Bradley (1943)

1943 – Bill Bradley, Crystal City Ms, Basketball player (NY Knicks), Democratic US Senator (1979-1997)
1943 – Lawrence Elkins, football player FL (Houston Oilers)
1943 – Mike Bloomfield, blues guitarist/singer (Analine), born in Chicago, Illinois
1943 – Richard Wright, English singer/songwriter (Pink Floyd-Time, Echoes), born in Hatch End, Middlesex (d. 2008)
1944 – Daniel Morelon, France, 1K speed skater (Olympic-gold-1968, 72)
1945 – Jim Davis, Marion Indiana, cartoonist (Garfield)
1946 – Douglas H Bosco, (Rep-D-CA, 1983- )
1946 – Jonathan Edwards, rocker
1946 – Linda Kelsey, Minneapolis, actress (Billie-Lou Grant, Kate-Day by Day)
1946 – Fahmida Riaz, Pakistani writer and feminist
1947 – Alexei Sergeyevich Borodai, Russian colonel/cosmonaut
Garfield Cartoonist Jim Davis(1945)

1947 – Barbara Ann Ferrell Edmondson, Miss, 4x100m runner (Olympic-gold-1968)
1947 – Elena Novikova-Belova, USSR, foils (Olympic-gold-1968)
1947 – Miguelina Cobian, Santiago Cuba, 4x100m runner (Olympic-silver-1968)
1947 – Sally Struther, Portland Oregon, actress (Gloria-All in the Family)
1948 – Georgia Engel, Wash DC, actress (Georgette-Mary Tyler Moore Show)
1948 – Sergei Bodrov, Khabarovsk Russia, director (Katala, Somebody to Love)
1948 – Gerald Casale, american musician and director (founding member of Devo)
1949 – Simon Kirke, rock drummer (Bad Company), born in London, England
1949 – Steven Peregrine Took, rocker (T-Rex)
1949 – Vida Blue, major-league pitcher (Cy Young & AL MVP 1971)
1949 – Steve Peregrin Took, English singer (d. 1980)
1949 – Peter Doyle, Australian singer (The New Seekers) (d. 2001)
1949 – Randall Wallace, American screenwriter and film producer
1950 – Shahyar Ghanbari, Iranian poet
1951 – Greg Gluffria, Wash DC, rock keyboardist (House of Lords-Sahara)
1951 – Anthony A. Williams, Mayor of Washington, D.C.
1951 – Santiago Calatrava, Spanish architect
1952 – Monique Vajiralongkorn, Crown Prince/Heir Apparent to Thailand throne
1952 – Monique van de Ven, Dutch actress (Turkish Fruit)
1952 – Yoshitaka Amano, Japanese artist
1953 – Steve Duncan, Knoxville Tn, singer (Desert Rose Band-Love Reunited)
1954 – Ken Margolis, rocker (Mink DeVille)
1954 – Steve Morse, rocker
1954 – Mikey Sheehy, Gaelic footballer
1954 – Bruce Abbott, American actor
President of Venezuela Hugo Chávez (1954)

1954 – Hugo Chávez, President of Venezuela (1998-2013), Sabaneta Barinas State, (d. 2013)
1954 – Gerd Faltings, German mathematician
1958 – Terry Fox [Terrance Stanley], Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canadian one-legged marathoner (1980 Marathon of Hope)
1958 – Michael Hitchcock, American actor
1960 – Luiz Fernando Carvalho, Brazilian film director
1960 – Yōichi Takahashi, Japanese mangaka of Captain Tsubasa and Hungry Heart Wild Striker
1961 – David Huff, rocker (Giant)
1961 – Scott E Parazynski, Little Rock Ark, MD/astronaut (STS 66, 86, sk:95)
1961 – Alexander Kurlovitch, Soviet weightlifter
1962 – Rachel Sweet, rocker
1963 – Patrizia Pellegrino, Naples Italy, (Italy’s Miss Teenager 1980)
1964 – Bruce Wilkerson, NFL tackle (Jaguars, GB Packers-Super Bowl 31)
1964 – Dave Alexander, NFL center (NY Jets)
1964 – Lori Loughlin, Queens, New York, American actress (Full House, Summerland)
1965 – Priscilla Chan, Hong Kong singer
1965 – Delfeayo Marsalis, American jazz musician
1966 – Shikao Suga, Japanese singer/songwriter
1967 – Alex Galtcheniouk, hockey forward (Team Belarus, Olympics-1998)
1969 – Corey Raymond, NFL cornerback (Detroit Lions)
1969 – Frank Lickliter, Middletown OH, Nike golfer (1993 White Rose-24th)
1969 – Garth Snow, Wrentham Mass, US hockey goalie (Olympics-1994, Flyers)
1969 – Jaimie Dawson, Geneva Switz, Canadian badminton player (Olympics-96)
1969 – Jarrod Hanks, Lafayette LA, US gymnist (Olympic-92, 96)
1969 – Wendi Simmons, Santa Rosa California, heptathlete
1969 – Alexis Arquette, American actor
1969 – Dana White, UFC President
1970 – Paul Strang, cricketer (Zimbabwe’s 1st Test match leg-spinner, 1994-)
1970 – Michael Amott, Swedish guitarist (Arch Enemy)
1971 – Larry Kennedy, WLAF cornerback (Rhein Fire)
1971 – Stephen Lynch, American musician
1972 – Brenda Schultz, Netherlands, tennis star
1972 – Elizabeth Berkley, Mich, actress (Jessie-Saved by the Bell, Showgirl)
1972 – Manley Woods, NFL/WLAF receiver (Seattle Seahawks, Rhein Fire)
1972 – Stacy Evans, WLAF defensive end (Rhein Fire)
1972 – Ed Templeton, American skateboarder
1972 – Yeom Jeong-ah, South Korean actress
1973 – Nixon A McNamara McClean, West Indies cricket fast bowler (ODI 1996)
1973 – Scott Bloom, Manhasset NY, actor (Keys, Stuff)
1974 – Justin Lee Collins, British comedian
1975 – Leonor Watling, Spanish actress and singer
1976 – Jacoby Shaddix, American singer (Papa Roach)
1977 – Aki Berg, Turku Fin, NHL defenseman (LA Kings)
1977 – Manu Ginóbili, Argentine basketball player
1978 – Hitomi Yaida, Japanese singer/songwriter
1979 – Kimberly Whiting, Miss Idaho Teen USA (1997)
1979 – Henrik Hansen, Danish footballer
1979 – Lee Minwoo, Korean singer (Shinhwa)
1979 – Birgitta Haukdal, Icelandic singer
1980 – Stephen Christian, American singer (Anberlin)
1981 – Michael Carrick, English footballer
1981 – Billy Aaron Brown, American actor
1981 – Jo In Sung, South Korean actor
1982 – Ágústa Eva Erlendsdóttir, Icelandic singer and actress
1982 – Tom Pelphrey, American actor
1984 – DeMeco Ryans, American football player
1984 – Zach Parise, American ice hockey player
1985 – Dustin Milligan, Canadian actor
1985 – Tynisha Keli, American singer
1986 – Alexandra Chando, American actress
1988 – Ayla Brown, American singer
1988 – Casper Johansen, Danish footballer
1990 – Soulja Boy, American rapper
1990 – Shana Swash, English actress
1993 – Hannah Lochner, Canadian actress

WEDDINGS

1540 – English King Henry VIII marries Catharine Howard, his 5th wife
1683 – Anne Stuart marries prince Georges of Denmark
1727 – Philosopher Jonathan Edwards (23) weds Sarah Pierpont
1847 – Chancellor Otto Von Bismarck (32) weds noblewoman Johanna von Puttkamer (23) in Kolczyglowy, Poland
1906 – Soviet Union Premier Joseph Stalin (27) weds Ekaterina Svanidze (21) at St. David’s Church in Tiflis
1950 – Actress Bette Davis (42) weds actor Gary Merrill (34) in Mexico
1957 – “Wuthering Heights” actress Merle Oberon (46) weds Italian industrialist Bruno Pagliai
NBA Point Guard and Coach Lenny Wilkens (1962)

1962 – NBA player Lenny Wilkens (24) weds Marilyn Reed
1973 – “Charlie’s Angels” actress Farah Fawcett (26) weds “The Six Million Dollar Man” actor Lee Majors (34) at the Hotel Bel-Air in Los Angeles, California
1973 – Actress Farrah Fawcett (26) weds film and voice actor Lee Majors (34) at the Hotel Bel-Air in Los Angeles, California
1983 – Russian president Vladimir Putin (30) weds flight attendant Lyudmila Shkrebneva (25)
1993 – Pink Floyd vocalist George Roger Waters (49) weds Pricilla Phillips
1997 – Two-time Grammy Award winner Sheena Easton (38) weds documentary director Timothy Delarm (35) in Las Vegas
1999 – “Sixteen Candles” actress Molly Ringwald (31) weds French writer Valery Lamerignere in Bordeaux, France
2001 – Six-time golf winner Nick Faldo (44) weds third wife Valerie Bercher on a lavish ceremony in Windsor, England
Actor and Comedian Steve Martin (2007)

2007 – Comedian and actor Steve Martin (61) weds Anne Stringfield (35) at his Los Angeles home
2012 – “Franklin & Bash” actor Mark-Paul Gosselaar (38) weds advertising executive Catriona McGinn at the Sunstone winery in Santa Ynez, California

DIVORCES

1964 – Broadway musical actress-singer Ethel Merman (56) divorces academy award-winning actor Ernest Borgnine (47) after 32 days of marriage

DEATHS

450 – Theodosius II de Jongere, emperor Austrian Empire, dies
1057 – Victor II, [Gebhard], Pope (1055-57), dies
1101 – Su Tung-p’o, Chinese poet/essayist/painter/calligrapher, dies at 64
1128 – William Clito, Count of Flanders (b. 1102)
1230 – Duke Leopold VI of Austria (b. 1176)
1285 – Queen Keran of Armenia, consort of Leo III of Armenia
1330 – Michael III, Tsar of Bulgaria, dies in battle
1527 – Rodrigo de Bastidas, Spanish conquistador
1540 – Thomas Cromwell, King Henry VIII’s chief minister, executed
1631 – Guillén de Castro y Bellvis, Spanish dramatist (b. 1569)
1641 – John Amner, composer, dies at 61
1655 – Cyrano de Bergerac, French dramatist/novelist, dies at 36 in Paris
1655 – Suzuki Shosan, Samurai/monk/propagator of Zen Buddhism, dies at 76
1667 – Abraham Cowley, English poet (Mistress/Sex libri plantarum), dies
1675 – Bulstrode Whitelocke, English lawyer (b. 1605)
1685 – Henry Bennet, 1st Earl of Arlington, English statesman (b. 1618)
Lawyer and Statesman Thomas Cromwell (1540)

1711 – Gerard Lairesse, painter, buried
1718 – Etienne Baluze, French scholar (b. 1630)
1723 – Mariana Alcoforado, nun (schreef no Lettres Portuguese), dies at 63
1741 – Antonio Lucio Vivaldi, Italian composer, dies at 63
1746 – John Peter Zenger, journalist, involved in 1st amendment fight, dies
1750 – Johann Sebastian Bach, German composer (Art of the Fugue), dies at 65
1762 – George Dodington, 1st Baron Melcombe, English politician (b. 1691)
1778 – Arvid Niclas Hopken, composer, dies at 68
1794 – Georges Couthon, French politician, beheaded at 39
1794 – Maximilien Robespierre, Fr revolutionary/avocat (1781), guillotined
1802 – Giuseppe Sarti, Italian composer (Il er pastore, Ifigenia), dies at 72
1811 – Heinrich J von Collin, Austria dramatist/poet (Coriolan), dies
1818 – Gaspard Monge, French mathematician (b. 1746)
1835 – Édouard Adolphe Casimir Joseph Mortier, French marshal (b. 1768)
Composer Johann Sebastian Bach (1750)

1837 – John Ross, composer, dies at 73
1838 – Bernhard Henrik Crusell, composer, dies at 62
1842 – C Brentano, writer, dies at 63
1844 – Joseph Bonaparte, older brother of Napoleon I and King of Naples and Spain (b. 1768)
1849 – Charles Albert, King of Sardinia (1831-49), dies
1850 – Stefano Pavesi, composer, dies at 71
1863 – James Deshler, US Confederate brig-general, dies in battle at 30
1864 – Johann Hermann Kufferath, composer, dies at 67
1864 – Samuel Benton, US Confederate brig-general, dies in battle at about 44
1869 – Carl G Carus, German arts/psychologist/philosopher, dies
1869 – Jan Evangelista Purkyně, Czech anatomist (b. 1787)
1872 – Friedrich Kaiser, astronomer (Kaiser-Compass), dies
1878 – George Law Curry, Newspaper publisher and Governor of Oregon (b. 1820)
1895 – Joannes Kappeyne van Coppello, Internal minister (1877-89), dies at 72
1904 – Plehve, Russian foreign minister (bomb under carriage), dies
1915 – Vilbrun G Sam, rebellion leader/president of Haiti, lynched
1934 – Louis Tancred, cricketer (fourteen Tests batting for South Africa 1905-14), dies
1934 – Marie Dressler, Canadian-American actress (Dinner at 8, Anna Christie), dies at 65 of cancer
1937 – Abdul Muslim Mahomayev, composer, dies at 51
1937 – Joseph Lee, father of Playgrounds movement, dies
1939 – William J Mayo, US surgeon/co-founder Mayo Clinic, dies at 78
1940 – Johann Richard Ohlsson, composer, dies at 66
1956 – Ludwig Klages, German philosopher/graphologist, dies at 83
1957 – Edith Abbott, American social worker, educator, and author (b. 1876)
1965 – Maurice Yvain, composer, dies at 74
1965 – Minor Watson, actor (Woman of the Year, Viva Cisco Kid), dies at 75
1965 – Edogawa Ranpo, Japanese author (b. 1894)
1967 – Karl W. Richter, Lieutenant, USAF, American aviator (b. 1942)
1968 – Charles W Mayo, US surgeon, dies at 70
1968 – Otto Hahn, German physicist/chemist (Nobel 1944), dies at 89
1969 – Ernst Tittel, composer, dies at 59
1969 – Frank H Loesser, US songwriter/composer (Guys & Dolls), dies at 59
1969 – Gabriel von Wayditch, composer, dies at 80
1969 – Ramón Grau, Cuban president (b. 1882)
1971 – Diane Arbus, [Nemerov], photographer (Vogue), commits suicide at 48
1971 – Myril Hoag, American baseball player (b. 1908)
1971 – Charles E. Pont, American artist (b. 1898)
1972 – Helen Traubel, American soprano, dies at 73
1972 – Charu Majumdar, Indian revolutionary leader (b. 1918)
1973 – Royal Butler, actor, dies at 80
1974 – Jack Ellis, cricketer (Victorian WK, Ashes tourist 1926), dies
1974 – Truman Bradley, TV host (Science Fiction Theater), dies at 69
1976 – Jacob Soetendorp, rabbi, dies at 62
1976 – Lucie Mannheim, actress (39 Steps), dies at 77
1978 – Jan Willem van Otterloo, composer, dies at 70
1979 – Charles Shadwell, English conductor and bandleader (b. 1898)
1980 – Cecil Burleigh, composer, dies at 95
1981 – Fr. Stanley Rother, Roman Catholic Priest, Martyr and Missionary to Guatemala (b. 1935)
1982 – George Kleinsinger, US composer (Tubby the Tuba), dies at 68
1983 – Alec Marks, cricketer (good NSW batsman 1928-37), dies
1984 – Bess Flowers, actress (View from Pompey’s Head), dies at 85
1985 – Grant Williams, actor (Shrinking Man), dies of toxic poisoning at 54
1986 – Charles Aubroeck, Belgian painter/sculptor (Iron Tower), dies at 91
1986 – Syd Curnow, South African cricketer (168 runs in 7 Tests), dies
1987 – James Burnham, philosopher (Coming Defeat of Communism), dies at 81
1989 – Jeff Richards, actor (Don’t Go Near the Water), dies at 66
1990 – Armando Frid, of Argentina (Born May 24, 1866 Guin rec), dies at 124
1990 – Jill Esmond, actress (13 Women, My Pal Wolfe, FP 1), dies at 82
1990 – Maurice Braddell, actor (Things to Come), dies
1991 – Luis Aravena Munoz, Chilean singer/exiled to Netherlands, dies at 45
1993 – Herbert Joeks, [van Hugten], Dutch actor (Pipo the Clown), dies at 77
1994 – Bernard Delfont, Rus/Brit impresario (Thorn EMI), dies at 84
1994 – Colin Turnbull, anthropologist, dies at 69
1994 – Selwyn Powell, art Editor, dies at 82
1996 – Harold C Fox, Fashion designer/musician, dies at 86
1996 – Mickey Fenn, docker/socialist, dies at 58
1996 – Roger Tory Peterson, ornithologist/artist, dies at 87
1997 – Louis Cohen, physicist, dies at 71
1997 – Seni Pramoj, PM of Thailand (1945-46, 75, 76), dies
1998 – Lenny McLean, English bareknuckle fighter (b. 1949)
1999 – Trygve Haavelmo, Norwegian economist, Nobel laureate (b. 1911)
2000 – Abraham Pais, Dutch-born American physicist and historian (b. 1918)
Nobel Prize Winning Chemist Archer John Porter Martin(2002)

2002 – Archer John Porter Martin, English chemist, Nobel laureate (b. 1910)
2003 – Lady Valerie Goulding, Irish politician and activist (b. 1918)
2004 – Francis Crick, English molecular biologist, Nobel laureate (1962), dies of colon cancer at 88
2004 – Sam Edwards, American actor (b. 1915)
2004 – Eugene Roche, American actor (b. 1928)
2004 – Tiziano Terzani, Italian journalist (b. 1938)
2006 – David Gemmell, British writer (b. 1948)
2007 – Jim LeRoy, Airshow pilot (b. 1961)
2007 – Karl Gotch, Belgian professional wrestler (b. 1924)
2008 – Susan Tamim, Lebanese singer and actress, murdered (b. 1977)
2009 – Jim Johnson, NFL Assistant Coach, Eagles Defensive Coordinator from 1999-2009 (b.1941)
2010 – Ivy Bean, English internet celebrity (b. 1905)
2011 – Abdul Fatah Younis, Former Libyan Interior Minister, assassinated for pro-Gadaffi ties (b. 1944)
Molecular biologist Francis Crick (2004)

2013 – William Scranton, American politician, dies from a cerebral hemorrhage at 96
2013 – George Scott, American MLB player, dies at 69
2013 – Rita Reys, [Maria Reijs], Dutch jazz singer, dies from a intracranial hemorrhage at 88
2013 – Frank Castillo, American MLB player, drowns at 44
2013 – Eileen Breenan, American actress, dies from bladder cancer at 80
2014 – Margot Adler, American journalist, dies from endometrial cancer at 68

ALSO ON THIS DAY

• Lead Story

• 1868 14th Amendment adopted

• American Revolution

• 1776 Sargent and Hutchinson arrive at Horn’s Hook, New York

• Automotive

• 1935 Tazio Nuvolari triumphs over Germans at the Nurburgring

• Civil War

• 1864 Battle of Ezra Church begins

• Cold War

• 1945 U.S. Senate approves United Nations charter

• Crime

• 1990 A soft drink containing liquid cocaine sickens an unsuspecting drinker

• Disaster

• 1945 Plane crashes into Empire State Building

• General Interest

• 1932 Bonus Marchers evicted by U.S. Army
• 1976 Worst modern earthquake

• Hollywood

• 1978 Animal House released

• Literary

• 1814 Percy Bysshe Shelley and Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin elope to France

• Music

• 1901 Rudy Vallée is born

• Old West

• 1923 Indian agent James McLaughlin dies

• Presidential

• 1929 Future first lady Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy is born

• Sports

• 1991 Dennis Martinez pitches perfect game

• Vietnam War

• 1965 Johnson announces more troops to Vietnam
• 1972 CIA reports minor damage done to North Vietnam’s dikes

• World War I

• 1914 Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia

• World War II

• 1943 Hamburg suffers a firestorm