1914 – German ships Goeben and Breslau reach Constantinople

After eluding their British pursuers—not once but several times—in a dramatic chase through the Mediterranean Sea, the German cruisers Goeben and Breslausafely anchor off the Dardanelles—the waterway connecting the Aegean Sea to the Sea of Marmara and the only passage from the Mediterranean to the Black Sea—at five o’clock on the afternoon of August 10, 1914, and are subsequently escorted by the Turks to safety in Constantinople.

When World War I broke out in August 1914, Germany had only two warships stationed in the Mediterranean: the battle cruiser Goeben and the light cruiserBreslau, both under the command of Wilhelm Souchon. Souchon, having heard over wireless radio on the afternoon of August 3 that Germany had declared war on France, was preparing to engage the French fleet in the Mediterranean when the order came at 2 a.m. on August 4 from the chief commander of the German navy, Admiral Alfred von Tirpitz, to head for Constantinople instead. Germany had decided to put every possible pressure on Turkey, with whom it had signed a treaty of alliance the day before, to declare war on the Allies. With Turkey on its side, Germany would control the Black Sea passage and effectively cut Russia off from the other Allies, as well as its supply routes. A landing of Souchon’s ships at Constantinople, it was reasoned, would help force Turkey out of its neutrality and into active participation in the war.

Meanwhile, the British Royal Navy, focusing on the Goeben and Breslau as the leading threat to the transport of French colonial troops from North Africa to France, had already ordered its Mediterranean fleet, commanded by Admiral Sir Berkeley Milne, to locate and track the two German ships, particularly the swift and powerful Goeben. As war had not yet been declared in Britain, Milne’s fleet could pursue, but not attack. On the morning of August 4, the British shipsIndomitable and Indefatigable, unexpectedly encountered the Goeben and Breslauoff the coast of Algeria. Neither ship fired, but each trained their guns on the other and their crews neglected to make the customary mutual salute. A chase ensued, as Indomitable and Indefatigable followed the two German ships toward Messina, Italy, where Souchon planned to obtain coal from German merchant steamers anchored there before making the trip to Constantinople, 1,200 miles away. The Goeben and Breslau outran their pursuers, pulling out of sight close to the end of that day.

Souchon maneuvered his ships into neutral Italian waters and anchored off Messina; the British ships, observing international law, did not pursue him. Thinking Souchon was either going to try to return to port in the Adriatic Sea or make an attempt to reach the western Mediterranean—and thus the Atlantic Ocean—Milne sent the Indomitable and Indefatigable west of Messina to block his path, never guessing the German ships were actually heading east, to Turkey. While refueling with difficulty in Messina, Souchon received a telegram canceling the order to go to Constantinople, as the Turkish leaders had rescinded permission for the Goeben and Breslau to pass through the Dardanelles. Under pressure from Italian authorities to leave immediately and knowing the British ships—their country now openly at war with Germany—were waiting for him in the Mediterranean, Souchon decided to head for Constantinople anyway, deciding “to force the Turks, even against their will, to spread the war to the Black Sea against their ancient enemy, Russia.”

When the Goeben and Breslau left Messina they were seen and pursued by only one light cruiser, the Gloucester. Equal to the Breslau in speed and gun power but easily outmatched by the Goeben, the Gloucester engaged in a brief trade of gunfire but mostly simply trailed the German ships as they headed in the direction of the Adriatic Sea, which a British squadron commanded by Rear-Admiral Ernest Troubridge had earlier been sent to monitor in case of action by the Austrian navy. On the morning of August 7, in a massive opportunity lost, Troubridge declined to pursue the Goeben, believing that the ship, if intercepted, could use its 11-inch guns with their superior range—compared to the 9.2-inch guns on Troubridge’s ships—to destroy his four cruisers one after another. Troubridge justified his withdrawal by citing the order the British Admiralty had given the Mediterranean fleet not to engage “superior forces”—an order certainly intended not to prohibit action against the Goeben itself but against the Austrian navy if it appeared to accompany the German ships to safety.

Thus the Goeben and Breslau sped on, pursued only by the Gloucester. On the afternoon of August 8, with the Goeben poised to enter the Aegean Sea, theGloucester gave up the chase, leaving Souchon free to meet up with another fuel ship in the Greek Isles and head on to Constantinople. The Turkish leader, Enver Pasha, under pressure from German authorities, finally agreed to allow the ships to enter the straits, and to fire on any British pursuer who tried to come after them. At nine o’clock on the evening of August 10, the Goeben and Breslauentered the Dardanelles.

The Goeben and Breslau were repaired, renamed and taken into the Turkish navy—on October 29, 1914, they took part in the attack by the Turkish fleet—commanded by Souchon—on Russia’s ports in the Black Sea, marking the Ottoman Empire’s official entrance into the First World War.

1877 – Amanda McFarland begins Alaskan mission

Amanda McFarland, a dedicated Presbyterian missionary, becomes the first white woman to settle at Fort Wrangell, Alaska.

The wife of a Presbyterian minister from Illinois, McFarland joined her husband in opening a mission to the Indians of New Mexico in 1867. Despite suffering from chronic health problems, McFarland was a dedicated and energetic missionary who appears to have genuinely cared for the Native Americans she worked with. She twice crossed the Plains by stagecoach to carry out her duties, and on one occasion, hostile Indians pursued her coach. Undaunted, McFarland continued to aid her husband’s missionary work until he died in 1875 while the couple was working with Nez Perce Indians in the Northwest.

Widowed and alone, McFarland moved to Portland, Oregon. There she met Sheldon Jackson, a prominent missionary who was interested in taking the Presbyterian gospel to the Indians of Alaska. Jackson convinced McFarland to become missionary in southern Alaska, and on this day in 1877, she took charge of the mission school at Fort Wrangell.

Though Alaska had been an American territory nearly a decade at that time, it was still almost unsettled beyond a few military and fur trapping outposts. McFarland was the first and only white woman at Fort Wrangell, and after Jackson left her in charge to visit other missions, she was the only Protestant missionary in all of Alaska.

McFarland was equal to the task. For more than a year she served as the minister to the small settlement. She quickly won the trust of the native Alaskans, and the Indians turned to her for advice on spiritual, legal, and medical matters. She once presided over an Indian constitutional convention. In 1878, a male minister arrived at Fort Wrangell and took over many of McFarland’s official duties. Until her death in 1912 at the age of 80, McFarland remained an immensely influential woman within both the white and Native American communities of southern Alaska.

1945 – Japan accepts Potsdam terms, agrees to unconditional surrender

On this day in 1945, just a day after the bombing of Nagasaki, Japan submits its acquiescence to the Potsdam Conference terms of unconditional surrender, as President Harry S. Truman orders a halt to atomic bombing.

Emperor Hirohito, having remained aloof from the daily decisions of prosecuting the war, rubber-stamping the decisions of his War Council, including the decision to bomb Pearl Harbor, finally felt compelled to do more. At the behest of two Cabinet members, the emperor summoned and presided over a special meeting of the Council and implored them to consider accepting the terms of the Potsdam Conference, which meant unconditional surrender. “It seems obvious that the nation is no longer able to wage war, and its ability to defend its own shores is doubtful.” The Council had been split over the surrender terms; half the members wanted assurances that the emperor would maintain his hereditary and traditional role in a postwar Japan before surrender could be considered. But in light of the bombing of Hiroshima on August 6, Nagasaki on August 9, and the Soviet invasion of Manchuria, as well as the emperor’s own request that the Council “bear the unbearable,” it was agreed: Japan would surrender.

Tokyo released a message to its ambassadors in Switzerland and Sweden, which was then passed on to the Allies. The message formally accepted the Potsdam Declaration but included the proviso that “said Declaration does not comprise any demand which prejudices the prerogatives of His Majesty as sovereign ruler.” When the message reached Washington, President Truman, unwilling to inflict any more suffering on the Japanese people, especially on “all those kids,” ordered a halt to atomic bombing, He also wanted to know whether the stipulation regarding “His Majesty” was a deal breaker. Negotiations between Washington and Tokyo ensued. Meanwhile, savage fighting continued between Japan and the Soviet Union in Manchuria.

August 10th

EVENTS

612 BC – Killing of Sinsharishkun, King of Assyrian Empire. Destruction of Nineveh.
70 – “2nd Temple” of Jews is set on fire (approx)
610 – In Islam, the traditional date of the Laylat al-Qadr, when Muhammad began to receive the Qur’an.
654 – Pope Eugene I elected to succeed Martinus I
843 – Treaty of Verdun: Brothers Lotharius I, Louis the German & Charles the Bare divide France
955 – Battle of Lechfeld: Otto I, King of the Germans defeats the Hungarian, ending 50 years of Magyar invasion of Western Europe.
991 – Battle of Maldon: English, led by Bryhtnoth, confront a band of inland-raiding Vikings near Maldon in Essex. The English are defeated and the story is immortalised in a well-known poem.
1304 – -11] Battle at Zierik Sea: Dutch & French fleet beat Flemish fleet
1316 – Second Battle of Athenry
1461 – Alfonso ed Espina, bishop of Osma urges for an Inquistion in Spain
1497 – John Cabot tells King Henry VII of his trip to “Asia”
1500 – Portuguese sea captain Diego Diaz is first European to sight Madagascar
Explorer John Cabot

1511 – Portugese troops occupy parts of Malacca
1512 – Battle at Brest: English fleet beats France
1519 – Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan’s Spanish expedition of 5 ships set sail to circumnavigate the Earth (returned 5 Sept 1522)
1557 – Battle at St Quentin: Lamoraal of Egmont & Philibert beat France
1566 – Iconoclasm begins
1585 – English Queen Elizabeth I signs Treaty of Nonsuch: Aid for Netherlands
1622 – County Maine appended on John Mason/Fernandino Gorges
1627 – Cardinal Richelieu begins siege of La Rochelle

Swedish warship Vasa sinking in Stockholm harbor

1628 – Swedish warship Vasa sinks in Stockholm, killing 30
1653 – The Battle of Scheveningen, English fleet beats Dutch
1664 – Austria/Turkey signs Peace of Vásvár
King Charles II

1675 – King Charles II and John Flamsteed lay the foundation stone of the Royal Observatory, Greenwich
1675 – Portuguese-Jewish synagogue opens in Amsterdam
1678 – Netherlands & France sign peace treaty in Nijmegen
1680 – In New Mexico, Popé leads rebellion of Pueblo Indians against Spaniads
1743 – Earliest recorded prize fighting rules formulated
1759 – Carlos III becomes king of Spain
1774 – 1st Surinam newspaper (1st Wednesday Suriname) begins publishing

Engrossed copy of the United States Declaration of Independence

1776 – American Revolutionary War: word of the United States Declaration of Independence reaches London.
1787 – Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart completes his chamber piece “Eine kleine Nachtmusik”
1787 – Turkey declares war on Russia
1792 – Mobs in Paris attack palace of Louis XVI
1793 – Louvre palace officially opens in Paris as The Museum Central des Arts
1809 – Ecuador declares independence from Spain (National Day)
1821 – Missouri admitted as 24th US state
1822 – Antioch Syria, hit by Earthquake; about 20,000 die
1827 – Race riots in Cincinnati (1,000 blacks leave for Canada)
Rebel Slave Nat Turner

1831 – Former slave Nat Turner leads uprising against slavery
1831 – Hurricane hits Barbados; about 1,500 die
1833 – Chicago incorporates as a village of about 200
1835 – Mob of whites & oxen pulled black school to a swamp out of Canaan NH
1846 – US Act of Congress passes establishing the Smithsonian Institution, now world’s largest museum and research complex
1856 – Hurricane washes away 2-300 revelers at Last Island, Louisiana
1861 – Battle of Wilson’s Creek (Oak Hills) Missouri during US Civil War – General Lyon killed
1862 – Battle of Nueces River TX
1866 – Transatlantic cable laid-Pres Buchanan spoke to Queen Victoria
1869 – O B Brown patents moving picture projector
1876 – 1st phone call between Brantford & Paris, Canada
Queen of the United Kingdom Victoria

1877 – Big Hole River: Col John Gibbon murders Nez-Perce indians
1877 – Phillies & Expos play a doubleheader that ends at 3:23 AM
1885 – Leo Daft opens America’s 1st coml operated electric streetcar (Balt)
1887 – Excursion train crashes killing 101. (Chatsworth, Illinois)
1888 – NY Giant pitcher Tim Keefe sets a 19 game win streak record
1889 – Dan Rylands patents screw cap
1893 – Chinese deported from San Francisco under Exclusion Act
1893 – Rudolf Diesel’s prime model internal combustion engine, a single 10-foot iron cylinder with a flywheel at its base, ran on its own power for the first time in Augsburg, Germany
1895 – 1st Queen’s Hall Promenade Concerto (Wagners “Rienzi”)
1897 – Automobile Club of Great Britain established (now: Royal Automobile Club)
1900 – 1st Davis Cup: USA beats British Isles at Longwood Cricket Club in Boston, Massachusetts (3-0)
1901 – Chicago White Sox Frank Isbell strands record 11 teammate base runners
Pope John XXIII

1904 – Angelo G Roncalli (Pope John XXIII) becomes a priest
1904 – Dutch newspaper Volk fires gay journalist Jacob de Cock
1904 – Japanese fleet defeat Russians off Port Arthur
1904 – Higlanders Jack Chesbro ends string of 30 consecutive complete games
1906 – Pope Pius X bans Associations cults
1907 – Prince Scipone Borchesi wins Beijing to Paris, 7,500 mile auto rally
1909 – Algemeene Netherland Toonkunstenars Ver (ANTV) begins
1911 – Parliament Act reduces power of House of Lords
1911 – The Great Britain, the House of Commons votes on a salary – of £400 annually – for its members
1913 – 2nd Balkan War ends, Treaty of Bucharest, Bulgaria loses
1914 – At Liege, German 12″/16.5″ guns reach Belgian boundary
1914 – German battle cruiser Goeben reaches Dardanellen/Turkey joins Germany
1914 – German troops reconquer Mulhouse in Elzas
1914 – WWI: French fall back at Alsace
1916 – Turks annex Persian city Hamadan from Russia
1919 – Ukrainian National Army massacres 25 Jews in Podolia Ukraine
1920 – Allies recognize Poland, Czechoslovakia & Romania
1920 – Treaty of Sèvres (Allies & Turkey)
1920 – Turkish government renounces its claim to Israel, recognizes British mandate
32nd US President Franklin D. Roosevelt

1921 – FDR stricken with polio at summer home on Canadian Is of Campobello
1925 – Hurricane strikes Borculo, 4 die
1926 – Italian-Spanish peace treaty signed
1929 – Grover Alexander beats Phils 7-1 for his 373rd & last NL win
1932 – A 5.1-kg (11.2-pound) chondrite-type meteorite breaks into at least seven pieces and lands near the town of Archie in Cass County, Missouri.
1933 – 47th U.S. Women’s National Championship: Helen Jacobs beats Helen Wills Moody (8-6, 3-6, 3-0, ret.)
1934 – Babe Ruth announces this is his final season as full time player
1936 – 114°F (46°C) at Plain Dealing, Louisiana (state record)
1936 – 120°F (49°C) at Ozark, Arkansas (state record)
1938 – 119°F (48°C), Pendleton, Oregon (state record)
1939 – 2nd Dutch De Geer government forms (1st with Social Democrats)
1940 – Prince Bernhard Fund forms
Baseball Legend Babe Ruth

1941 – FDR & Churchill’s 2nd meeting at Placentia Newfoundland
1942 – Gen B Montgomery becomes commandant British 8th leader in N Africa
1943 – Dutch submarine attacks Island Hertenbeest in NW Bali
1943 – Gen Patton calls injured soldier “cowardly”
1943 – Hitler watches lynching of allied pilots
1944 – Braves Red Barrett throws only 58 pitches to shut out Cin Reds 2-0
1944 – Race riots in Athens Alabama
1944 – US recaptures Guam from Japanese
1944 – US/French offensive at Alencon
1945 – Japan announces willingness to surrender to Allies provided status of Emperor Hirohito remained unchanged
1948 – ABC enters network TV at 7 PM (WJZ, NY)
1948 – Allen Funt’s “Candid Camera” TV debut on ABC
Cricket Legend Donald Bradman

1948 – Bradman scores 133* Aust v Lancashire, 216 mins, 17 fours
1948 – WABC TV channel 7 in New York, NY (ABC) begins broadcasting
1949 – Ezzard Charles TKOs Gus Lesnevich in 8 for heavyweight boxing title
1949 – Natl Military Establishment renamed Dept of Defense
1950 – “Sunset Boulevard”, starring William Holden and Gloria Swanson, premieres at Radio City Music Hall
1952 – Louise Suggs wins LPGA All American Women Golf Tournament
1954 – Neth Indonesian Union breaks up
1954 – Sir Gordon Richards retires as a jockey with record 4,870 wins
1954 – At Massena, New York, the groundbreaking ceremony for the St. Lawrence Seaway is held.
1956 – 23rd NFL Chicago All-Star Game: Cleveland 26, All-Stars 0 (75,000)
1957 – US performs nuclear test at Nevada Test Site
1958 – Mary Lena Faulk wins LPGA Macktown Golf Open
Actress Gloria Swanson

1960 – Discoverer 13 launched into orbit; returned 1st object from space
1960 – Nicolaas Jouwe forms PANA in New-Guinea
1960 – Los Angeles premiere of Alfred Hitchcock’s “Psycho” starring Anthony Perkins and Janet Leigh
1961 – UK applies for membership of the European Common Market
1962 – USSR performs nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya USSR
1964 – WJSP TV channel 28 in Columbus, GA (PBS) begins broadcasting
1965 – Joe Engle in X-15 reaches 82 km
1966 – 1st lunar orbiter launched by US
1966 – Daylight meteor seen from Utah to Canada. Only known case of a meteor entering Earth’s atmosphere & leaving it again
1968 – Race riot in Miami, Chicago & Little Rock
1968 – Shirley Englehorn wins LPGA Concord Golf Open
Director Alfred Hitchcock

1969 – Don Sutton breaks his 13-game losing streak to Cubs with a 4-2 win
1969 – Marlene Hagge wins LPGA Stroh’s-WBLY Golf Open
1970 – Jim Morrison is tried in Miami on “lewd & lascivious behavior”
1970 – British Home Secretary Reginald Maulding threatens to impose direct rule on Northern Ireland if the agreed reform measures are not carried out
1971 – 16 baseball researchers form Society for American Baseball Research
1971 – Twins’ Harmon Killebrew is 10th to amass 500 HRs, & adds his 501st
1971 – During the internment round-up operation in west Belfast, the Parachute Regiment kill 11 unarmed civilians in what became known as the Ballymurphy massacre
1972 – 1 million kg meteorite grazes atmosphere above Canada
1972 – Paul & Linda McCartney are arrested in Sweden on drug possession
1973 – 1st BART train travels thru transbay tube to Montgomery St Station
Rocker Jim Morrison

1974 – Judy Rankin wins LPGA Colgate-European American Golf Open
1975 – 57th PGA Championship: Jack Nicklaus shoots a 276 at Firestone Akron
1975 – David Frost purchases exclusive rights to interview Nixon
1976 – A Provisional Irish Republican Army volunteer is shot dead by the British Army as he drove along a road in Belfast; his car then went out of control and killed 3 children, sparking a series of “peace rallies” throughout the month by a group that became known as ‘Peace People’
1977 – US & Panamana sign Panama Canal Zone accord
1977 – USSR performs (underground) nuclear test
1977 – Postal employee David Berkowitz arrested in Yonkers NY, accused of being “Son of Sam” 44 caliber killer
1977 – About 100 White sympathisers joined evicted Black squatters in a protest against the demolition of shanty dwellings outside Cape Town, South Africa
1978 – USSR performs nuclear test at Novaya Zemlya USSR
1979 – Ecuador adopts its constitution
1979 – Wings release “Getting Closer” & “Baby’s Request”
1980 – 62nd PGA Championship: Jack Nicklaus shoots a 274 at Oak Hill NY
LPGA Golfer Pat Bradley

1980 – 8th du Maurier Golf Classic (Peter Jackson Classic): Pat Bradley
1980 – Allen, most powerful hurricane in Caribbean hits Brownsville, Tx
1981 – Coca-Cola Bottling Co agrees to pump $34 million into black business
1981 – Pete Rose, 3,631 career hit, breaks Stan Musial’s NL hit record
1981 – Richard Nixon Museum in San Clemente closes
1984 – Mary Decker trips on heel of Zola Budd during 3,000m Olympic run
1985 – Oakland A’s Dave Kingman is 21st to hit 400 HRs (off Matt Young at Seattle)
1985 – Michael Jackson buys ATV Music (every Beatle song) for $47 million
1985 – Uno Lindstron of Sweden juggles a soccer ball 13.11 miles
1986 – “Me & My Girl” opens at Marquis Theater NYC for 1420 performances
1986 – Betsy King wins LPGA Henredon Golf Classic
1986 – Billy Martin Day, his uniform number 1 retired
LPGA Golfer Betsy King

1986 – Marquis Theater opens at 1535 Broadway NYC
1986 – Pitcher Bob Forsch grand slams to lead Cards to a 5-4 win over Pirates
1987 – Flight Readiness Firing of Discovery’s main engines is successfully
1987 – Kevin Gross is 2nd pitcher in 8 days to be ejected for scuffing ball
1988 – Matt Biondi swims world record 100m free style (48.42 sec)
1988 – Rodrigo Borja installed as president of Ecuador
1988 – UN estimates Asia’s population hits 3 billion
1989 – A’s bat out of order against White Sox in 3rd inning
1989 – Australia 0-301 at end of day one, 5th Test Cricket at Trent Bridge
1990 – US’s Magellan spacecraft lands on Venus
1990 – The Massacre of more than 127 Muslims in North East Sri Lanka by paramilitaries.
1991 – “A Little Night Music” closes at New York State NYC after 7 perfs
1991 – NFL sportscaster Paul Maquire suffers a heart attack at 53
1992 – Satellite TOPEX/Poseidon launched
1992 – Soyuz TM-15 lands
1993 – Charlotte Anne Lopez, 16, of Vermont, crowned 11th Miss Teen USA
1993 – An earthquake measuring 7.0 on the Richter Scale hits the South Island of New Zealand.
1994 – Last British troops leave Hong Kong (been there since Sept 1841)
1995 – Dodgers leading 2-1 in 9th forfeit game to Cards, fans become unruly
1996 – Bob Dole picks Jack Kemp as his Republican VP running mate
1996 – Dare & Go ends Cigars record tying victory streak at 16
1996 – Parlisha Williams (Louisiana) crowned Ms Black USA Metroplex
1996 – Yanks lose ending 3rd best home series victory streak at 24
1997 – 36th Walker Cup: US, 18-6
1997 – Anaheim Angels Tony Phillips arrested for purchasing cocaine
MLB Pitching Legend Greg Maddux

1997 – Atlanta Braves sign Greg Maddux to record 5 year, $575 Million deal
1997 – Deb Richard wins LPGA Friendly’s Classic
1997 – Northville Long Island Senior Golf Classic
1997 – Vijay Singh of Fiji wins Buick Open at the Warwick Hills Golf
1998 – The Royal Proclamation of HRH Prince Al-Muhtadee Billah as the Crown Prince of Brunei.
2001 – US and UK reject a proposal by UN Secretary General Kofi Annan to permit the Iraqi government to use $1 billion per year to fund infrastructure improvements and to increase oil production capacity
2003 – The highest temperature ever recorded in the UK – 38.5°C (101.3°F) in Kent . It is the first time the UK has recorded a temperature over 100 degrees Fahrenheit.
2006 – Scotland Yard disrupts major terrorist plot to destroy aircraft travelling from the United Kingdom to the United States. All toiletries are banned from commercial airplanes.
2008 – 90th PGA Championship: Pádraig Harrington shoots a 277 at Oakland Hills Country Club
2013 – 6 people are killed after Paluweh volcano erupts in Indonesia
2013 – 16 Royal Guardsmen are killed in a bus accident in Al Hoceima, Morocco
2014 – Israeli and Palestinian officials agree to another 72-hour ceasefire proposed by Egypt
2014 – Unrest breaks out in Ferguson, Missouri after the death of African American Michael Brown by a policeman.
2014 – 96th PGA Championship: Rory McIlroy shoots a 268 at Valhalla Golf Club

BIRTHDAYS

1267 – King James II of Aragon (d. 1327)
1296 – John the Blind, King of Bohemia/Count of Luxembourg
1360 – Francesco Zabarella, Italian jurist (d. 1417)
1397 – Albert II of Germany, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1439)
1489 – Jacob Sturm von Sturmeck, German statesman and reformer (d. 1553)
1520 – Madeleine de Valois, wife of James V of Scotland (d. 1537)
1556 – Philipp Nicolai, Germany, theologist/poet/composer
1560 – Hieronymus Praetorius, composer
1567 – Girolamo Giacobbi, composer
1589 – Pietro Antonio Tamburini, composer
1602 – Gilles de Roberval, French mathematician (d. 1675)
1645 – Eusebio Kino, Italian Catholic missionary (d. 1711)
1652 – Peterus I Scheemaeckers, Flemish sculptor (tomb stones)
1654 – Bernard Nieuwentyt, Dutch physician/theologist
1657 – Cornelis Chastelein, Dutch colonial director
1699 – Christoph Gottlieb Schroter, composer
1708 – John Stinstra, baptist vicar
1720 – Franz Joseph Leonti Meyer von Schavensee, composer
1737 – Anton Losenko, Russian painter (d. 1773)
1740 – Samuel Arnold, composer
1744 – Alexandrine-Jeanne d’Étiolles (nicknamed “Fanfan”), daughter of the courtesan Madame de Pompadour (d. 1754)
1750 – Daniel Gottlob Turk, composer
1762 – Santiago Ferrer, composer
1782 – Charles Napier, soldier, born in London, England
1793 – Heinrich August Neithardt, composer
1794 – Leopold Zunz, German scientist (Synagogical Poetry)
1801 – Robert Woodward Barnwell, MC (Confederacy), (d. 1882)
1808 – Carl Friedrich Weitzmann, composer
1810 – Camilio Benso di Cavour, Turin Italy, PM
1810 – Cornelis Outshoorn, Dutch architect
1814 – Jacob Edvard Gille, composer
1814 – John Clifford Pemberton, Lt Gen (Confederate Army), (d. 1881)
1814 – William Lowndes Yancey, MC (Confederacy), (d. 1863)
1814 – Henri Nestlé, Swiss industrialist (d. 1890)
1821 – Jay Cooke, American financier (d. 1905)
1823 – Charles Keene, Hornsey, artist
1823 – Charles Thomas Campbell, Brigadier General (Union volunteers)
1823 – Hugh Stowell Brown, Manx preacher (d. 1886)
1835 – Gyula Beliczay, composer
1836 – Jose Teodor Vilar, composer
1839 – Aleksandr Grigorievich Stoletov, Russian physicist (d. 1896)
1845 – Abai Qunanbaiuli, Kazakh poet, composer and philosopher (d. 1904)
1854 – J Scott Lidgett, theologist, born in London, England
1856 – Paul Geisler, composer
Oil Tycoon Edward L. Doheny (1856)

1856 – Edward L. Doheny, American oil tycoon, born in Fond du lac, Wisconsin
1860 – Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande, Indian musician (d. 1936)
1861 – Almroth Wright, Yorkshire England, bacteriologist
1865 – Alexander K Glazunov, St Petersburg Russia, composer (Chopiniana)
1869 – Lawrence Binyon, poet (Symbolic Wounds), born in Vienna, Austria
1874 – Herbert Hoover, West Branch Iowa, (R) 31st US President (1929-1933), (d. 1964)
1874 – James (Tod) Sloan, jockey, created monkey crouch riding style
1874 – Bill Johnson, American musician (d. 1972)
1877 – Rudolf Hilferding, German economist/SPD-minister of Finance
1877 – Frank Marshall, American chess player (d. 1944)
1878 – Alfred Döblin, German writer (d. 1957)
1880 – Clarence Cameron White, composer
1880 – Robert L. Thornton, American businessman, philanthropist, and Mayor of Dallas, Texas (d. 1964)
31st US President Herbert Hoover (1874)

1881 – Albrecht M Sprenger, landbuilder
1882 – Max Kowalski, composer
1883 – Carlos Lavin, composer
1884 – Panait Istrati, Romanian writer (d. 1935)
1886 – Hilda Doolittle, poet/prominent member of imagist movement
1888 – Johanna E F G (Bachigaloupi) Tourniaire, actress (Saint Joan)
1889 – Cecil Armstrong Gibbs, composer
1889 – Irene Steer, England, 4 X 100m relay swimmers (Olympic-gold-1912)
1889 – Charles Darrow, Inventor (d. 1967)
1890 – Angus L. MacDonald, Canadian politician (d. 1954)
1891 – Henry O’Neill, Orange NJ, actor (Lady Killer, Nothing But Trouble)
1893 – Douglas Stuart Moore, Cutchogue NY, composer (Good Night Harvard)
1893 – Viscount Dunrossil, Scotland, Gov Gen of Australia (1959-61)
1893 – Voranc Prezikov, [Lovro Kuhar], Slovenian author (Samorastniki)
1894 – Varahagiri Venkata Giri, Fourth President of India (d. 1980)
1895 – Mikhail Zoshchenko, Russian author and satirist, born in Saint Petersburg (d. 1958)
1895 – Hammy Love, Former Australian cricketer (d. 1969)
1897 – Edward Orval Gourdin, Jacksonville, long jumper (Olympic-silver-1924)
1897 – Piet[er O] Bakker, Dutch novelist (Ciske the Rat)
1897 – John Galbreath, American businessman (d. 1988)
Actor Jack Haley (1898)

1898 – Jack Haley [John Joseph], American actor (The Wizard of Oz, Ford Star Revue), born in Boston, Massachusetts
1900 – Arthur Porritt, NZ, 100m sprinter (Olympic-bronze-1924)
1902 – Norma Shearer, Canadian actress (d. 1983)
1902 – Curt Siodmak, German-born author (d. 2000)
1902 – Arne Tiselius, Swedish chemist, Nobel laureate (d. 1971)
1903 – Lisle, British lord
1905 – Bernard Benjamin Gillis, British judge
1905 – Richard F Kahn, baron of Hampstead/British economist
1906 – Era Bell Thompson, [Dakota Dick], US actress (Ebony)
1908 – Gabrielle Keiller, collector/golfer
1908 – Adelino (“Billy”) Gonsalves, American soccer player (d. 1977)
1909 – Brian Easdale, composer
1909 – Claude Thornhill, composer
1909 – Frank Bowden, industrialist/landowner
1909 – George W Crockett Jr, (Rep-D-MI, 1980- )
1909 – Julio A Abraham, president (Democratic Party Bonaire)
1909 – Leo Fender, Anaheim California, rocker (Fender guitars)
1909 – Mohammed V ibn Yusuf, King of Morocco (1953, 1955-61)
1910 – Angus Campbell, US, psychologist (Elections & Political Order)
1911 – A. N. Sherwin-White, English historian (d. 1993)
1912 – Herman Strategier, Dutch organist/composer/conductor
1912 – Izaak Samkalden, Dutch Minister of Justice (PvdA)/mayor of Amsterdam
1912 – Jorge Amado, Brazilian writer (O Pais do Carnaval)
1912 – Richard Reeves, actor (Murph-Date With an Angel), born in NYC, New York
1912 – Romain Maes, Belgian bicylist (Tour de France 1935)
1913 – Noah Beery Jr, actor (Rockford Files, Quest, Doc Elliot), born in NYC, New York
1913 – Steven Nagy, bowler, 1st to bowl 300 on TV (1954)
1914 – Jeff Corey, actor (Getting Straight, Superman & Mole Men), born in NYC, New York
1914 – Carlos Menditeguy, Argentine racing driver (d. 1973)
1916 – John Clark, Hampton IA, actor (Graveyard of Horror)
1918 – Eugene Wilkinson, naval officer (first nuclear sub commander), born in Long Beach, California (d. 2013)
1919 – Elizabeth Thomas, literary consultant
1919 – Sacha Vierny, French cinematographer (d. 2001)
1920 – William “Red” Holzman, NBA coach (NY Knickerbockers, 754 wins)
1921 – Leonard Lickorish, dir-gen (British Tourist Authority)
1923 – Fred Ridgway, England cricket pace bowler (1951-52 Indian tour)
1923 – Gillian Brown, diplomat
1923 – Rhonda Fleming, [Marilyn Louis], Hollywood California, actress (Spellbound)
1924 – Martha Hyer, American actress (Day of the Wolves, Night of the Grizzly), born in Fort Worth, TX, (d. 2014)
1925 – Alastair Webster Mackie, poet/teacher
1925 – George Cooper, general
1925 – Lawrence Byford, HM Chief Inspector of Constabulary
1926 – Edwin James Nairn Carr, composer
1926 – Marie-Claire Alain, French organist/composer
1926 – Benjamin Ward, 1st African American NYC Police Commissioner (1984-89), born in Brooklyn NY (d. 2002)
1927 – Vernon Washington, American actor (d. 1988)
1928 – Eddie Fisher, Phila Pa, singer (Oh My Papa, Lady of Spain)
1928 – Jimmy Dean, Tx, actor/singer (Jimmy Dean Show, Diamonds are Forever)
1928 – Gus Mercurio, American-born Australian actor
1929 – John Alldis, composer/conductor
1930 – Barry Unsworth, novelist (Pascali’s Island), (d. 2012)
1930 – Saeedi Sirjani, poet
1932 – Alexander Goehr, composer
1933 – Alan Hardcastle, chairman (Lloyds Regulatory Board)
1933 – Bill Nieder, shot putter, (Olympic-gold-1960)
1933 – Butler-Sloss, British Lady Justice
1933 – David Rowland, chairman (Lloyd’s)
1933 – Rocky Colavito, Bronx, baseball player (Hit 4 HRs in a game)
1933 – Doyle Brunson, American poker player
1933 – Keith Duckworth, English mechanical engineer (Cosworth; d. 2005)
1934 – James Carl Tenney, composer
1935 – Giya Alexandrovich Kancheli, Georgian composer (Night Prayers)
1935 – Jerrie Anthony Hulme, British major-general
1935 – Lord Stewartby
1936 – Leendert-John Schalm, Dutch banker on Curacao
1937 – Lucinda Williams, US sprinter (Olympic-gold-1960)
1937 – Anatoly Sobchak, Russian politician
1939 – Charles Rose, (Rep-D-North Carolina, 1973- )
1939 – Kate O’Mara, Leicaster England, actress (Caress Morell-Dynasty, AbFab)
1940 – Barbara Mills, QC, British Director of Public Prosecutions
1940 – Bobby Hatfield, Wisc, rocker (Righteous Bros-Unchained Melody)
1940 – Richard Wells, Chief Constable (South Yorkshire)
1940 – Sid Waddell, Darts Commentator for the PDC
1941 – Anita Lonsbrough, England, 200m backstroke swimmer (Oly-gold-1960)
1941 – Kees van Kooten, Dutch TV host/founder (Simplistic Union)
1942 – Betsy Johnson, fashion designer (1971 Winnie Award)
1943 – Ronnie Spector, [Veronica Bennett], singer (Be My Little Baby), born in NYC, New York
1943 – Shafqat Rana, Pakistani cricket batsman (5 Tests 1964-69)
1943 – Veronica Bennett, rocker
1943 – Michael Mantler, American trumpeter and composer
1945 – Harry Thomas, Dutch founder (Schlager Festival Gay Party)
1945 – Larry Larden, rocker (Every Mother’s Son)
1945 – Harriet Miers, White House counsel
1947 – Alan Ward, England cricket pace bowler (1969-76)
1947 – Ian Anderson, Scotland, rocker (Jethro Tull-Bungle in the Jungle)
1948 – Pal Gerevich, Hungary, fencer (Olympic-bronze-1972, 80)
1948 – Patti Austin, soul singer/actress (Real Me)
1949 – Gene Johnson, Sugar Grove Pa, singer (Diamond Rio-Meet in the Middle)
1950 – A L Harris, clinicaloncologist
1950 – James Reynolds, Oskaloosa Ks, actor (Abe Carver-Days of our Lives)
1950 – Rémy Girard, Canadian actor
1951 – Maria Combs, LPGA golfer
1952 – Ashley Putnam, soprano (NY City Opera 1978), born in NYC, New York
1952 – Nikolai Alekseyevich Pushenko, Russian lt-colonel/cosmonaut
1952 – Pepsi Nunes, marine biologist
1952 – Daniel Hugh Kelly, American actor
1952 – Diane Venora, American actress
1953 – Mark Doty, American poet and prose writer
1955 – Marja-Liisa Hamalainen, Finnish cross country skier (Oly-gold-1984)
1956 – Dianne Fromhottz, Balestrat Australia, tennis star
1956 – Tugboat, [Fred Ottman], WWF wrestler
1958 – Jack Richards, English cricket wicket-keeper (mid-80’s)
1959 – Mark Price, bass/vocals (All About Eve, Tin Huey-Contents Dislodged)
Actress Rosanna Arquette(1959)

1959 – Rosanna Arquette, actress (Desperately Seeking Susan, After Hour), born in NYC, New York
1959 – Florent Vollant, Innu-Canadian musician (Kashtin)
1960 – Antonio Banderas, Malaga Spain, actor (Phila, Evita, Mambo Kings)
1960 – [James] Kenneth Perry, Elizabethtown KY, PGA golfer (1991 Memorial)
1960 – Todd David Hess, First USAF Member inducted into Army’s Order of Military Medical Merit.
1961 – Beatrice Alda, daughter of Alan Alda, actress (Lisa-Four Seasons)
1961 – Jon Farriss, Australian rock vocalist/drummer (INXS-Kiss the Dirt)
1962 – Dan Donovan, rocker (Bad)
1963 – Andrew Sullivan, English-born journalist
1963 – Phoolan Devi, Indian bandit and revolutionary (d. 2001)
1964 – Andy Stankiewicz, Inglewood CA, infielder (NY Yankees, Montreal Expos)
1964 – Aaron Hall, American songwriter
1965 – Carolyn Schuwalow, Australian distance runner (Olympics-96)
1965 – John Starks, NBA guard (NY Knicks)
1965 – Patricia Spurgin, US scherpschutser (Olympics-gold-1984)
1965 – Claudia Christian, American actress
1965 – Mike E. Smith, American jockey
1966 – Gerald Williams, outfielder (NY Yankees), born in New Orleans, Louisiana
1966 – Hansi Kürsch, German singer
1967 – Carlos Briceno, Fountain Valley, CA, beach volleyball (Oly-br-92, 96)
1967 – Lori Tatum, LPGA golfer
1967 – Lorraine Pearson, Romford Essex, rock vocalist (5 Star-Silk & Steel)
1967 – Peter Murphy, Australian rower (Olympics-96)
1967 – Reinout Scholte, cricketer (Netherlands batsman 1996 World Cup)
1967 – Riddick Bowe, Brooklyn New York, HW boxing champ (Olympic-silver-1988)
1967 – Philippe Albert, Belgian former footballer
1967 – Mart Sander, Estonian singer and actor
1968 – Alex Andrievski, NHL forward (Team Belarus, Oly-98)
1968 – Jennifer Horton, Dover NJ, team handball goalie (Olympics-92, 96)
1968 – Michael Bivins, rock vocalist (New Edition, Bell Biv Devoe), born in Boston, Massachusetts
1968 – Michel Doesburg, soccer player (SC Heerenveen)
1968 – Miroslav Mosner, hockey defenseman (Team Slovakia 1998)
1968 – Moe Gardner, NFL nose tackle (Atlanta Falcons)
1968 – Peter Docter, American film director
1969 – Earl of Iveagh
1969 – Iain Fraser, Scarborough, NHL center (Winnipeg Jets)
1970 – Brendon Julian, cricketer (in NZ Australian left-arm quickie 1993-)
World Heavyweight Boxing Champion Riddick Bowe(1967)

1970 – Bret Hedican, St-paul, NHL defenseman (Vancouver Canucks)
1970 – Gino Torretta, quarterback (Heisman Trophy 1992, Seattle Seahawks)
1970 – Jeff Mangum, American musician
1971 – Craig Newsome, NFL defensive back (Green Bay Packers-Super Bowl 31)
1971 – Martin Quinney, Quesnel BC, Canada Tour golfer (1994 Glen Meadows-2nd)
1971 – Mike Morreale, CFL slot back (Hamilton Tiger Cats)
1971 – Paul Newlove, rugby league player
1971 – Roy Keane, soccer player
1971 – Sal Fasano, catcher (KC Royals), born in Chicago, Illinois
1971 – Mario César Kindelán Mesa, Cuban boxer
1971 – Justin Theroux, American actor
1971 – Kevin Randleman, American mixed martial artist
1971 – Stephan Groth, Norwegian musician
1972 – Julann Vadnais, Miss Maine USA (1996)
1972 – Lawrence Dallaglio, English rugby union footballer
1972 – Christofer Johnsson, Swedish musician
1973 – Jessica Grieco, Englewood NJ, cyclist (Olympics-96)
1973 – Keisha Delancy, Miss Turks & Caicos islands Universe (1997)
1973 – Lisa Raymond, Norristown Penn, tennis star (1995 Indian Wells doubles)
1973 – Mark Doubleday, Australian baseball infielder (Olympics-1996)
1973 – Sherriden May, NFL fullback (NY Jets)
1973 – Javier Zanetti, Argentinian footballer
1974 – Dave Fiore, tackle (San Francisco 49ers)
1974 – Miro Simonovic, hockey goaltender (Team Slovakia 1998)
1974 – Walt Harris, cornerback (Chicago Bears)
1974 – David Sommeil, French footballer
1974 – Luis Marín, Costa Rican footballer
1975 – Lise Mackie, Te Kuiti NZ, Australian swimmer (Olympics-96)
1976 – Michael Depoli, American wrestler
1977 – Danny Griffin, Northern Irish footballer
1977 – Aaron Kamin, American musician (The Calling)
1977 – Matt Morgan, British comedian
1978 – Daniel Allsopp, Australian footballer
1978 – Chris Read, English cricketer
1979 – Yannick Schroeder, French racing driver
1979 – Ted Geoghegan, American filmmaker and author
1979 – Joanna Garcia, Cuban actress
1979 – Dinusha Fernando, Sri Lankan cricketer
1980 – Kaysar Ridha, Iraqi-American reality TV contestant
1981 – Natsumi Abe, Japanese singer
1981 – Taufik Hidayat, Indonesian Badminton Player
1982 – Devon Aoki, American supermodel and actress
1983 – Alexander Perezhogin, Russian ice hockey player
1983 – Mathieu Roy, Canadian ice hockey player
1984 – Mariel Rodriguez, Filipino TV host
1985 – Roy O’Donovan, Irish footballer
1989 – Ben Sahar, Israeli footballer
1989 – Sam Gagner, Canadian ice hockey player
1992 – Ko Ah-seong, South Korean actress

WEDDINGS

1848 – Inventor Samuel Morse (57) weds Sarah Elizabeth Griswold in Utica, New York
1912 – British literary figure (author of “To the Lighthouse”) Virginia Woolf(30) weds political theorist Leonard Woolf (31)
1933 – Actress Hedy Lamarr (19) weds Hirtenberger Patronen-Fabrik chairman Friedrich Mandl (33)
1941 – Actor Jackie Coogan (26) weds actress Flower Parry in Gardnerville, Nevada
1946 – Pulp fiction author and Church of Scientology founder L. Ron Hubbard (35) weds Sara Northrup Hollister
1946 – Playwright Moss Hart (41) weds singer and actress Kitty Carlisle (35)
Economist Robert F. Engle(1969)

1969 – Economist Robert F. Engle (26) weds psychologist Marianne Eger
2000 – Lead vocalist Dave Matthews (33) weds Jennifer Ashley Harper
2001 – “Dixie Chick’s” Martie Maguire (31) weds actor Gareth Maguire in Kailua, Hawaii
2002 – Academy Award-winning actor Nicolas Cage (38) weds “Princess of Rock and Roll” Lisa Marie Presley (34) at the Mauna Lani Bay Hotel on the Big Island of Hawaii
2002 – “Baywatch” actress Angelica Bridges (28) weds Canadian hockey player Sheldon Souray (26) at the Bellagio Hotel in Las Vegas, Nevada
2003 – Yuri Ivanovich Malenchenko becomes the first person to marry in space, marrying Ekaterina Dmitriev (on earth)
2003 – Fox News correspondent Geraldo Rivera (60) weds former Rivera Live producer Erica Levy (28) at Manhattan’s Central Synagogue
2013 – Rapper Kevin Federline (35) weds Victoria Price at the Hard Rock Hotel in Las Vegas, Nevada

DIVORCES

2007 – Actor Johnathon Schaech (37) divorces actress Christina Applegate (35) due to irreconcilable differences after 4 years of marriage

DEATHS

612 BC – Sinsharishkun, Assyrian king
258 – Saint Lawrence, martyr
794 – Fastrada, 3rd wife of French King Charles the Great, dies at 30
955 – Conrad the Red, Duke of Lotharingen, dies in battle
1002 – Al-Mansur, Arabic general strategist/regent of Cordoba, dies
1250 – Erik IV Plovpenning, king of Denmark, murdered
1535 – Ippolito de’ Medici, ruler of Florence (poisoned) (b. 1509)
1589 – Maarten Schenck Nideggen, Dutch army leader, drowned at about 49
1628 – Hans Jonsson, Swedish fleet commander, drowned
1637 – Johann Gerhard, German Lutheran leader (b. 1582)
1653 – Maarten Harpertsz Tromp, [Bestevaer], lt-adm, dies in battle at 55
1655 – Louis de Vadder, Flemish painter, dies at 50
1717 – Nicolaas Witsen, etcher/mayor (Amsterdam), dies
1723 – Guillaume Dubois, French cardinal and statesman (b. 1656)
1730 – Sebastien de Brossard, composer, dies at 74
1759 – Ferdinand VI, the wise, king of Spain, dies at 46
1784 – Allan Ramsay, Scottish painter and artist (b. 1713)
1802 – Aepinus, [Franz UT Hoch], German physician/physicist, dies at 77
1806 – Johann Michael Haydn, composer, dies at 68
1821 – Salvatore Vigano, composer, dies at 52
1839 – John St Aubyn, British fossil collector (b. 1758)
1841 – Hippolyte Monpou, composer, dies at 37
1842 – Captain William Hobson, first British Governor of New Zealand and co-author of the Treaty of Waitangi, dies of a stroke at 49
1843 – Jakob F Fries, German philosopher, dies
1857 – John Wilson Croker, politician
1859 – George Staunton, writer
1861 – Nathaniel Lyon, US Union brig-gen, dies in battle at 43
1862 – Shusaku Honinbo, Japanese Go player (b. 1829)
1867 – Ira Aldridge, famed Shakespearean actor (Othello, Shylock), dies 1867
1875 – Karl (Theodor) Andree, German journalist (Globus), dies at 66
1886 – Eduard Grell, composer, dies at 85
1896 – Otto Lilienthal, German aircraft pioneer, dies
1902 – George Vernon, cricketer (scored 11* & 3 in only England Test), dies
1904 – Pierre M Waldeck-Rousseau, French foreign minister (Dreyfus), dies
1905 – Kinjikitile “Bokero” Ngwale, E African prophet/rebel leader, hanged
1911 – Carl Christian Lumbye, composer, dies at 70
1915 – Henry Moseley, English physicist (b. 1887)
1918 – Erich Lowenhardt, Germany flying ace of World War I (b. 1897)
1920 – Ádám Politzer, Austrian physician (b. 1835)
1921 – John M Martin, last confederate congress member, dies
1928 – Rex Cherryman, American actor (b. 1897)
1929 – Aletta Henriette Jacobs, 1st Dutch female doctor/feminist, dies at 75
1929 – Pierre Fatou, French mathematician (b. 1878)
1930 – William H Taft, US president (1909-13), dies
1932 – Slang, writer, dies
1932 – Rin Tin Tin, German shepherd dog (b. 1918)
1934 – John Kane, Scotish/US miner/painter, dies at 73
1938 – Joseph Moorat, composer, dies at 73
1943 – C Bergsma, Dutch resistance fighter (Waalsdorpervlakte), dies
1943 – J Janzen, Dutch resistance fighter (Waalsdorpervlakte), dies
1943 – J Posthuma, Dutch resistance fighter (Waalsdorpervlakte), dies
1944 – Berthold Schenk von Stauffenberg, attempt Hitler assassination, dies
Rocket Pioneer Robert H. Goddard (1945)

1945 – Robert H. Goddard, American rocket pioneer, dies at 62
1948 – E Ball-Hennings, writer, dies at 63
1948 – Kwan-Ichi Asakawa, Japanese historian(b. 1873)
1948 – Andrew Brown, Scottish football coach (b. 1870)
1948 – Montague Summers, English writer (b. 1880)
1958 – Frank Demaree, baseball player (b. 1910)
1960 – Emil Strauss, German writer (Vaterland), dies
1960 – Frank Lloyd, director (Berkeley Square, Blood on the Sun), dies at 72
1960 – Oswald Veblin, mathematician
1962 – Ted Husing, sportscaster (Monday Night Fights), dies at 60
1963 – Estes Kefauver, (Sen-D-Tn), dies at 60
1963 – Patrick Kennedy, son of President Kennedy, dies at only 3 days
1963 – Ernst Wetter, member of the Swiss Federal Council (b. 1877)
1965 – Rayford Robinson, cricketer (Test Aust v England 1937), dies
1966 – Felix A Vening Meinesz, geophysicist (black force), dies at 79
1966 – Jacobus C Bloem, poet (Cinders), dies
1967 – John Francis Larchet, composer, dies at 83
1969 – Leno LaBianca, American businessman (murdered) (b. 1925)
1969 – Rosemary LaBianca, American housewife (murdered) (b. 1930)
1970 – Bernd-Alois Zimmermann, Germ composer (Requiem), commits suicide at 52
1973 – Douglas Kennedy, actor (Lone Ranger & Lost City of Gold), dies at 57
1974 – Ilona Massey, actress/singer (Ilona Massey Show), dies at 64
1974 – Ivor Dean, British actor (Theatre of Death), dies at 57
1976 – Bert Oldfield, cricketer (54 Tests, 52 stumpings), dies
1976 – Ray “Crash” Corrigan, cowboy (Crash Corrigan’s Ranch), dies at 74
1977 – Vince Barnett, actor (Star is Born, Human Jungle), dies at 75
1979 – Dick Foran, actor (OK Crackerby), dies at 69
1979 – Walther Gerlach, German Physicist (Stern–Gerlach effect) dies at 90
1985 – Kenny Backer, comedian (Time Bandits), dies of a heart attack at 72
1987 – Calvin Culver, actor (Score), dies
1987 – Clara Peller, actress (Where’s the Beef), dies at 86
1987 – I W Able, CEO (United Steel Workers of America, 1965-77), dies at 87
1987 – Raquel Torres, actress (Duck Soup, Sea Bat), dies
1988 – Adela Rogers St John, journalist (Free Soul, Honeycomb), dies at 94
1988 – Arias Arnulfo, 3 time president of Panama, dies at 86
1990 – Richard Haines, director (Splatter University), dies
1991 – Josef Lipski, Polish politician, dies
1993 – Ken England, US screenwriter (Good Girls Go to Paris), dies at 82
1993 – Øystein Aarseth, Norwegian musician (Mayhem) (b. 1968)
1994 – Bill Baker, singer, dies at 58
1994 – Kay Petre, early racing driver, dies at 91
1994 – Leendert-John Schalm, Dutch banker on Curacao, murdered at 58
1995 – Fay Honey Knopp, activist, dies at 76
1995 – Peter Lancelot Williams, dance journalist, dies at 81
1996 – Adriano Mandarino Hypolito, priest, dies at 78
1996 – Rex Tucker, TV writer/director, dies at 83
1997 – Jean-Claude Lauzon, director/writer (Leola), dies in air crash at 43
1997 – Conlon Nancarrow, American composer (b. 1912)
1999 – Padma Bhushan Acharya Baldev Upadhyaya, Eminent Sanskrit Scholar in India (b. 1899)
2000 – Gilbert Parkhouse, Former England cricketer (b. 1925)
2001 – Lou Boudreau, American baseball player and manager (b. 1917)
Guitarist Michael Houser(2002)

2002 – Michael Houser, American guitarist (Widespread Panic) (b. 1962)
2002 – Kristen Nygaard, Norwegian computer scientist (b. 1926)
2003 – Carmita Jiménez, Puerto Rican singer
2007 – Henry Cabot Lodge Bohler, American member of Tuskegee Airmen and civil rights activist (b. 1925)
2007 – James E. Faust, Second Councilor of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (b. 1920)
2007 – Tony Wilson, British music personality and broadcaster (b. 1950)
2008 – Isaac Hayes, American musician and actor (b. 1942)
2010 – Adam Stansfield, Professional footballer who played for Exeter City F.C. (b. 1978)
2012 – Carlo Rambaldi, Italian Special effects artist, dies at 86
2012 – Al Freeman Jr, American actor, dies at 78
2013 – Eydie Gorme, American singer, dies at 84

ALSO ON THIS DAY

• Lead Story

• 1846 Smithsonian Institution created

• American Revolution

• 1776 London learns of American independence

• Automotive

• 1978 Fatal Ford Pinto crash in Indiana

• Civil War

• 1861 Rebels defeat Union force at the Battle of Wilson’s Creek

• Cold War

• 1949 Truman signs National Security Bill

• Crime

• 1981 Child found decapitated

• Disaster

• 1993 Three-ship collision causes oil spill

• General Interest

• 1793 Louvre Museum opens
• 1821 New state west of the Mississippi
• 1977 Son of Sam arrested
• 2003 Temperatures in UK top 100 F for first time during European heat wave

• Hollywood

• 1984 Red Dawn, first PG-13 movie, is released

• Literary

• 1912 Virginia and Leonard Woolf marry

• Music

• 1937 First-ever electric guitar patent awarded to the Electro String Corporation

• Old West

• 1877 Amanda McFarland begins Alaskan mission

• Presidential

• 1874 Herbert Hoover is born

• Sports

• 1981 Pete Rose sets National League hits record

• Vietnam War

• 1955 Diem refuses to negotiate with Communists
• 1966 Marines fight bitter battle in Quang Tin Province
• 1972 North Vietnamese forces attempt to cut off Saigon

• World War I

• 1914 German ships Goeben and Breslau reach Constantinople

• World War II

• 1945 Japan accepts Potsdam terms, agrees to unconditional surrender